倒裝與強調.ppt

1、倒裝與強調,倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。全部倒裝的特點是謂語動詞全移至主語前；部分倒裝的特點是將部分謂語，如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be放在主語前。倒裝語序常出現(xiàn)在下列情況中： 講解要點 (1) 含有否定意義的詞或短語放在句首的倒裝 這類詞或短語包括：never, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, nor, neither, by no means, in no case, in no way, at no time, under/in no circumstances, not until, no soonerthan, h

2、ardly when, not only but also等。,例句 1) Never have I been to Beijing. 2) Rarely does he go to the movies. 3) In no case will we give up our plan. 4) Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door. 5) No sooner had he returned home than he went to sleep.,(2)as或though引導的讓步狀語從句常出現(xiàn)倒裝的情形。

3、一般將形容詞或副詞等置于句首。 例句 1) Wealthy as he is, he is not happy. (Although he is wealthy, he is not happy ) 盡管他很有錢，但他不幸福。,2) Hard as he worked, he failed in the exam. (Although he worked hard, he failed in the exam) 盡管他學習很用功，但還是沒通過考試。 3) Woman as she is, she is very brave. (Although she is a woman, she is v

4、ery brave) 盡管她是個女人，但她很勇敢。,(3)當so, such等表示程度的副詞置于句首時，句子一般倒裝。 這樣的結構起一個強調作用。 1) So great was the change in this city that we could not believe our eyes. (The change in this city was so great that we could not believe our eyes) 2) Such was the surprise that we were all shocked. (The surprise was such th

5、at we were all shocked),(4)Only + 副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時，句子一般倒裝。 例句 1) Only recently has he realized the danger smoking might bring to his health. 2) Only in this way can we accomplish the task on time. 3) Only when you work hard will you make progress in your study.,（5）虛擬語氣中條件句的倒裝。 1) Were I you, I woul

6、d buy the house. (If I were you, I would buy the house.) 2) Had I money, I would go to Paris. (If I had money, I would go to Paris.) 3) Had you studied harder, you would have passed the exam. (If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.) 4) Should it rain, we would not go for a walk.

7、(If it should rain, we would not go for a walk.),(6)為避免句子部分內容重復，英語中也常用倒裝句。 例如：so (neither, nor)+ be 動詞（助動詞，情態(tài)動詞）+ 主語。 例句 1) My father is a teacher; so is my mother. 2) John didnt attend the English class yesterday; nor did Mary.,7)當there, here, then, now 等表示地點、時間的副詞或介詞短語，以及out, in, away, up, bang 等表

8、示方位或擬聲詞置于句首時，一般句子全部倒裝。但如果主語是代詞，句子則不能倒裝。 例句 1) Look! Here comes the bus. 2) Here are some letters for you. 3) Under the tree lay an old man. 4) Away flew the bird. 5) Bang goes my ace. 6) Away she went.,例題 1) Not until the year of 1954 made the capital of the country. A. the city was B. was the city

9、C. when the city was D. was when the city 選B。Not until是表示否定意義的詞組，放在句首要部分倒裝。 2) the doctor right away, he might be alive now. A. Should he have gone to B. If he went to C. Were he go to D. Had he gone to 選D。虛擬語氣中條件句省略if應該倒裝，本條件句是對過去時的虛擬。 3) So little about this theory that the lecture was totally bey

10、ond me. A. did I know B. I knew C. I had known D. had I known 選A。當so表示程度的副詞置于句首時，句子要部分倒裝。,4) By no means create or destroy energy. A. we can B. we cant C. can we D. shall we 選C。by no means是表示否定意義的詞組，放在句首要部分倒裝。 5) Only after he has learned this skill to operate the machine. A. he began B. did he begi

11、n C. will he begin D. must he begin 選C。本句是Only + 狀語從句，置于句首時，句子一般倒裝。,強調句 有時候需要突出或強調某個詞、詞組或從句，所以需要使用強調結構。 講解要點 強調句型的表達法一般有以下幾種情況： （1）it is (was) + 被強調部分 + that (who) + 句中其它部分 It is (was)that可以用來強調句中的主語（從句）、賓語（從句）、狀語（從句）等。如果強調句中強調的是主語或賓語，則that可用who（指人），whom或which（指物）來代替；如果強調句中強調的是狀語，則不能用when, where等代替，

12、只能用that。,例句 1) It was my uncle that (who) sent me the letter. 2) It is this problem that (which) we discussed yesterday. 3) It was because he was too careless that he was involved in the accident. 4) It is in this room that he was born 20 years ago. （2）it is (was) not until that 也是強調句的一種，意思是：“直到才”。

13、例句 1) It was not until he graduated from college that he got a well-paid job. 2) It was not until 1987 that he returned back to his hometown.,（3）謂語動詞前用do, does, did表示強調 在肯定句中，可以用do, does, did強調謂語部分，可譯為：“務必”、“一定”、“真的”、“確實”等。這時動詞要用原形。 例句 1) I do love music. 2) He does like to eat apples. 3) He did come to see