小學五年級英語下冊語法

1、小學五年級英語下冊語法1、名詞這里強調(diào)兩點：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is名詞復數(shù)如何加后綴：各種不同情況變化方法例詞一般情況:1)直接加-sbook-booksbag-bagscat-catsbed-beds以s.x.sh.ch2)結(jié)尾加-esbus-busesbox-boxesbrush-brusheswatch-watchespeachpeachesglass-glasses3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾變y為i,再加-esfamily-familiesstudy-studies4)以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v，再加-esknife-knives不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)man-menwo

2、man-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-micefoot-feetchild-childrenfish-fishChinese-Chinese英語下冊知識點總結(jié)一、 重點短語講解 1.play with 和一起玩,play with sb.(某人)和一起玩 ,play with sth.(某物)玩某物 eg. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother.Lucy and Lily are playing with their doll.2.a lot of 很多 a lot o

3、f =lots of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 eg. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 There are a lot of apples on the table.=There are apples on the table.3. how often 多久一次 ,how often 是一個特殊疑問詞，就頻率提問。英語表示頻率的詞：一次：once 兩次：twice 特殊 其他次數(shù)： 基數(shù)詞+times 構(gòu)成 例如：8次 eight times e.g. -How often do you go to the library? I go to the library once a week.(注：如就劃線部分提問，

4、應(yīng)用特 殊疑問詞how often) 4.how many 多少,how many/much 就數(shù)量提問.how many+可數(shù)名詞；how much +不可數(shù)名詞e.g.- How many boys are there in your class? There are 40 boys in my class. How much water is there in the bottle? There is a little water in the bottle.5.be good at擅長 at后可加名詞或動詞。如加動詞，應(yīng)用動名詞形式 即：v + ing e.g.I am good at

5、 English.6.be interested in對.感興趣 in后可加名詞或動詞。如加動詞，動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式 即：v + ing e.g. I am interested in English .7.play the violin拉小提琴,樂器前加定冠詞the8.listen to music聽音樂, 聽，用listen to1)聽音樂前 不加定冠詞the;2) 聽收音機前，要加定冠詞the :listen to the radio .9. from 來自，=be from ,I from China. =I am from China. 易錯點：Where are you 錯誤) (

6、正確) 10. play football 踢足球 球類名詞前不加冠詞 11be famous for因聞名12. have a look at 看一看have a look at =look at13.how much 多少（錢）,how much 用來詢問價格 14.a pair of 一雙，一對；a pair of glasses, a pair of trousers15. try on 試穿 試穿鞋子 try on the shoes=try the shoes on; 試穿它,此處它是代詞,只能放在 try on之間try it on 16.see a doctor看醫(yī)生常用表示“

7、看”的單詞有：watch; see; look; read ;watch:用于看電視，比賽等； watch TV, watch football match see: 看見 強調(diào)結(jié)果，看到什么；看電影、看醫(yī)生時用see a film; see a doctor17. take good care of好好照顧take (good) care of=look after 18. have a fever發(fā)燒 have +表示癥狀的單詞have a fever; have a toothache; have a headache have +病名 have measles (麻疹) have mu

8、mps (腮腺炎) 19. have to不得不Eg: Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she can to the party.重點：含有have to的句子變否定用dont doesnte.g. She has to finish her homework.變否定句為：She doesnt have to finish her homework. (正確) 20. worried about 擔心 She worried about her exam. 21.help with幫助做某事help with =h

9、elp sb (to) do sth.Eg: Peter helps her mother with the housework .=Peter helps her mother (to) do the housework.二、 重點單詞用法 1. call v稱作What do you call in English?2. Like v 喜歡1) like sth. I like English very much 2) like to do sth.I like reading very much, but I dont like to read now. 3) like doing st

10、h. 動詞原形3. lets +動詞原形 Lets (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 4. want想，想要1) want sth. I want a piece of paper. 2) want to do sth. I want to watch TV. 5. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞很簡單，沒有人稱數(shù)之變，動詞原形后邊站。can 表能力；may許可； should 應(yīng)該； would 愿；must必須 ，否定neednt 換have to不得不表客觀三、 重點語法 A) 一般現(xiàn)在時1. 概念：一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作或存在的

11、狀態(tài)。2. 構(gòu)成：有兩種構(gòu)成形式（1） be 型 句子的謂語動詞只有be(am,is,are)a 肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)be :I am a student我是一名學生。b.否定句中，要在be 后面加not，如： She isnt teacher她不是教師。 c一般疑問句中，要將be 放在句子開頭（注意句首字母大寫）， 句尾用問號，答語用Yes，主語+be或No，主語+be +not 如：Are you ready？你準備好了嗎？ Yes，I am是的，我準備好了。No, Im not. 我沒準備好。）（2）實義動詞型：句中的謂語動詞為實義動詞（也叫行為動詞）： a肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)實義動詞，如：I

12、get up in the morning我早晨起床。 b否定句中，要在實義動詞前面加do（does）not，do（does） 作助動詞，本身無意義，常與not 縮寫成dont （doesnt），如：I dont like vegetables我不喜歡蔬菜。 c一般疑問句，要在句子開頭加助動詞Do（does），句尾用問 號，簡略答語用Yes， 主語+do（does）或No，主語+do（does）not如： Do you like oranges？你喜歡桔子嗎？ Yes，I do是的，我喜歡。 3一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻繁度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every,

13、 sometimes, Eg:I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。 注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round .3) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。I dont want

14、so much. Ann Wang writes good English, but does not speak well.B)一般將來時1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。 句中一般有以下時間狀語： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to+ do.will+do3.否定句：在be動詞后面加not或在will后面加not 成 wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon

15、.否定句為：I am not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4一般疑問句：be或will 提到句首，some改為any, 改為or，第一二人稱互換。 例如： We are going to go on an outgoing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outgoing this weekend?四、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況 1. 問人。Who例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon?2.

16、問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon? 3. 問什么時候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?四、 同義句：be going to= willEg: I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. =I will go swimming tomo

17、rrow. 五、 be going to和will 的區(qū)別be going to和will的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動作或情況，但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。 1.be going to主要用于：(1)、表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算要做的事情。 What are you going to do today? 今天你們打算做什么？ Dad and I going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京劇。I am going to play the violin.我打算拉小提琴。 Shes going to play the piano.她

18、打算彈鋼琴。 (2)、表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。 e.g. Look! dark clouds. It is going to rain . I am afraid I am going to have a cold.恐怕我要患重感冒。 2.will主要用于以下幾個方面：(1) 表示單純的未來“將要”通用各個人稱。 e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去工廠參觀。 I with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。(2)、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來的事。 e.g. Today is Saturday. Tomorrow is Sunday.今天是星期六,明天是（將）是星期日。 He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年這個時候他 就（將）三十歲。 (3)、問對方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請或命令. e.g. Will you please turn on the radio?請打開收音機好嗎？ C)現(xiàn)在進行時構(gòu)成:主語+be+動詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式:第一人稱+ am+ v-ing;第二人稱+are+ v-ing;