小學英語情態(tài)動詞

1、小學英語教案情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞本身有各種意義，但不能單獨作謂語，只能和主要動詞一起構成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)，這樣的動詞稱為情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用的情態(tài)動詞有can, could, may, might, will, would, should, must, need, dare等。一、can, could的用法1. can的用法（1）表示能力、許可、可能性。如：Can you speak English? 你會講英語嗎？ Can you play the piano? 你會彈鋼琴嗎？She can swim fast, but I cant. 她能游得快，但我不能。I

2、 can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。（2）表示請求或者許可。如：Can I help you? 我能幫助你嗎？You cant play basketball. 你不能玩籃球。 Can you.？“請你好嗎？”表示說話人的請求；Can I.？“我可以嗎？”用來征求對方是否允許自己做某事。如在句末加上 please一詞就顯得更有禮貌了。例如： Can you help me, please? 請你幫助我好嗎？You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）表示推測，意為“可能”，常用與否定句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為“不可能”。如：Can t

3、he news be true? 這個消息會是真的嗎？The moon cant always be full. 月亮不可能常圓。2. could的用法（1）can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力、可能性或允許：如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。I could run faster then.那時我能跑得更快。It could be no better at that time.那時好得不能再好了。（2）在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去的意思。如：Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我

4、個忙嗎？二、may, might的用法1. 都表請求或允許，might可以指過去時間，也可指現(xiàn)在時間，語氣更委婉。如：You may take whatever you like. 你喜歡什么就拿什么。May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？May I come in？我可以進來嗎？在回答以may引起的問句時，多避免用這個詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont ./ Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免顯得太嚴峻或不客氣

5、。2，表示可能。I may be busy tomorrow. 我明天可能會比較忙。Exercise 1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. canC. needD. may2.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. mustB. canC. mayD. will3.I thought you _ be hungry, so I have brought you some cake

6、s.A. mayB. mightC. canD. could三、must, have to的用法1. 兩詞都是“必須”的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）2. have to有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must

7、只有一種形式。如：He had to look after his sister at home yesterday. 昨天他不得不在家照看妹妹。3. 在否定結(jié)構中：dont have to表示“不必” mustnt表示“禁止”，如：You dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。Must I finish the homework right now?我現(xiàn)在必須完成家庭作業(yè)嗎？Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。(No, y

8、ou neednt. / No, you dont have to. 不，不必。)4. must be+表語，表示推測，它的否定和疑問形式用can代替must。如：This must be your pen. 這個一定是你的鋼筆。Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.你姐姐一定是這家醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生。Exercise 1.Come on! We _ hurry because there isnt much time left.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need2.Amy did best in the English test

9、. She _ hard last week.A. must have been workingB. should have workedC. should workD. must work.四、should的用法（1）用來提供幫助、提出建議，要求對方給出意見。如：Should I help you with the community affairs? 我可以幫你做一些社區(qū)事務嗎？Should we clean the classroom now? 現(xiàn)在我們可以打掃教室嗎？（2）表達義務、職責等。如：I think todays children should really learn to

10、 respect their elders. 我認為今天的孩子應該好好學習尊敬長輩。You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once. 你應該立即把此事告訴你媽媽。He should work harder. 他應該更加努力。You should help your mother with the housework. 你應該幫你母親做家務。例.Look out! The knife is very sharp. You _ cut your finger.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. may五、will

11、, would的用法1. 表示“將、將要、自愿做”等。如：People will die without air or water. 人離開水和空氣將會死的。I will do my best. 我將會盡力而為。2. would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。如：Would you like to go with me?你想和我一起走嗎？3. Will you?Would you like? 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。如：Would you like some cake? 你想要一些蛋糕嗎？Exerc

12、ise 51._ I know your name?A. MayB. WillC. ShallD. Must2.What kinds of homes will we live in the future? Nobody _ be sure, but scientists are working out new ideas now.A. willB. mayC. canD. must六、had better的用法表示“最好”，相當于一個助動詞，只有一種形式，后面要跟動詞原形，否定詞形式為had better not。如：It is pretty cold. Youd better put on my coat. 天很冷，你最好把我的大衣穿上。You had better go now你最好現(xiàn)在