新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第二冊(cè)第七單元ection A

FOREIGHLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY,BecauseIamawoman,Imustmakeunusualeffortstosucceed.IfIfail,noonewillsay,“Shedoesnthavewhatittakes.”Theywillsay,“Womendonthavewhatittakes.”ClareBootheLuce,Beingafull-timemotherisoneofthehighestsalariedjobsinmyfield,sincethepaymentispurelove.MildredB.Vermont,2,7,UNIT,SectionA,2,WomenattheManagementLevel,Objectives,A,WomenattheManagementLevel,SECTION,1.Whatiscareerwoman?,pursueacareertomakealivingworkforasalariedlivingseekforpersonaladvancementremainindependentbyseekingacareerasaworkingwomanwouldratherworkthanbeingahousewifewithoutoccupation,2.Shouldwomenstayhomeorworkoutside?Why?,Stayhome:TotakegoodcareofchildrenandparentsTomanagethehouseholdaffairs,2.Shouldwomenstayhomeorworkoutside?Why?,Workoutside:ToacquiremoreknowledgeindifferentaspectsTobroadenthehorizonandenrichthemindTodevelopthecreativethinkingabilityTomakemorenewfriendsToparticipateinmoresocialpractice,confident/contented,LookandTalk,Pre-readingActivities,Lookatthesetofpicturesregardingthetopicofwomenandworkplace.Useanadjectivetodescribeeachpictureanddiscussthequestions.,Q.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesforthecareerwoman?,Pleasediscussthefollowingquestions:,Pre-readingActivities,LookandTalk,Q.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesforthecareerwoman?,Disadvantages:facegenderdiscriminationgetlowerpaythanmanfaceadoublestandardofthebehaviorofmenandwomencantstrikeabalancebetweenworkandfamilylifewithoutmakingmanysacrificesfacethestereotyped“bimbo”titleforwomeneasytogetwrappedupinseeinganotherwomanasathreat,LookandTalk,Pre-readingActivities,Q.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesforthecareerwoman?,Advantages:havedifferentvaluesfrommenshaveconfidencebeperseveranthaveintuitiveabilityinbringinginallpointsofview/strongerwithnetworking,sponsoringandsupportingeachother,LookandTalk,Pre-readingActivities,Researchershavedonesome_intowhatyoungpeoplebelieveisawomansplaceinsociety.Hereisareportonsomeoftheirfindings.,investigation,Listentoashortpassageconcerningwomansplaceinsocietyandfillinthemissinginformation.,TheChineseare_supportersofsex_withonly12%ofyoungpeoplebelievingthatawomansplaceisinthehome.93%are_aboutsharingthehouseworkand85%ofthembelievethatwomenshouldbepaidthesamefordoingthesamejob.,consistent,Listentoashortpassageconcerningwomansplaceinsocietyandfillinthemissinginformation.,equality,enthusiastic,80%thinkthat_isawomansjoband90%ofthembelievethat_isonlymensjob.13%ofChinese,anextremelylowpercentage,believecookingis_awomansjoband7%,evenfewer,thinkthatonlysheshoulddothewashing.,nursing,Listentoashortpassageconcerningwomensplaceinsocietyandfillinthemissinginformation.,mining,solely,80%of_believemenandwomenshouldgetthesamepayforthesamejob.39%believeawomansplaceisinthehome.75%ofthembelievethathouseworkshouldbesharedbetweenmenandwomenifbothwork,buttheresalmostacomplete_whenitcomestodoingthewashingandcooking.,Koreans,Listentoashortpassageconcerningwomansplaceinsocietyandfillinthemissinginformation.,reversal,Here,veryfewbelieveinsharingthework.62%and65%_believethatwomenshoulddoboth.85%ofKoreansbelievenursingisawomansjoband87%thinkminingisamansjob.,respectively,Listentoashortpassageconcerningwomansplaceinsocietyandfillinthemissinginformation.,QuestionsPreviewing,Q1:Whatdoyouthinkaboutwomensroleintodaysworkplace?,Q2:Doyouagreethatthecooperationofmenandwomencanbringbenefitsattheworkplace?,Tips,Tips,CulturalBackground,Womenintheworkplace,Q1:Whatdoyouthinkaboutwomensroleintodaysworkplace?,beastrongforceintheworkplace;fillingtheranksinmanyprofessionsandmanytopcompanies;Gonearethedaysofmenworkingoutsideandwomenstayingathome;Manyoftodaysglobalbusinessleadersandpowerfulentrepreneursarewomen.,CulturalBackground,Womenintheworkplace,Q2:Doyouagreethatthecooperationofmenandwomencanbringbenefitsattheworkplace?,Thedatasupportsthebenefitsofgenderdiversityattheworkplace.Thesurveyshows:companieswiththehighestpercentagesofwomenintheirexecutiveranksachieved35%higherreturnsonequityand34%bettertotalreturntoshareholdersthancomparablecompanieswithfewerfemales.,CulturalBackground,Womenintheworkplace,A,SECTION,Thetextisa_on_intheworkplace.,featurereport,femalebosses,1.WhydidMonicachangeheridea20yearslaterwhenshewasaskedthesamequestionwhethershewouldworkforamaleorafemaleattorney?(Para.1),2.Whyarefemalebossestodaystillfindingtheyfacesubtleresistance?(Para.2),PartIservestheintroductionofthereading.Thefirstparagraphstartswith_.20yearslater,shechangedher_forworkingforamalebosstoafemaleboss.Thesecondparagraph_concerningworkingstyles:Domenandwomenmanagedifferently?,PartI(Paras.1-_),2,Monicasstory,preference,raisesthequestion,3.Basedonthetext,whatkindofworkingstyledoesMonicahave?(Para.3),Howfemalebossesmanage?,PartII(Para.3)presentsthe_ofafemaleboss:_andalways_.Asaresult,employeesare_becausetheyhave_insteadofbeing_;theirenergiesareputtouse.Ontheotherhand,consensustakeslonger.,PartII(Para.3),uniqueworkingstyle,delegatepower,lookforaconsensus,happyandflourish,inputintodecisions,passivebystanders,4.Whatdoesresearchsayregardingthedifferentworkingstylesbetweenmenandwomen?(Para.4),5.Whathappenswhenbothmenandwomenareworkingforafemaleboss?(Para.5),PartIIIexploresthe_inworkingstylesbetweenmaleandfemalebosses.Menare_.goal-orientedandfeel_whilewomenmanageskillfullyand_.Whenwomenworkforwomen,womenusuallyfeelmore_theirfemaleboss,butittakes_formentofeelcomfortablearoundtheirfemaleboss.,PartIII(Paras.4-_),differences,hierarchical,entitled,diplomatically,ateasewith,longtime,5,6.Whatsimpliedfromtheexampleofwomenstearsandmensfeelingtowardtheirtears?(Para.6),7.WhoisDeborah?(Para.7),8.AccordingtoDeborah,whyisherauthoritysometimesunderminedbyperceptionsabouthergender?(Para.8),PartIVanalyzesreasonswhymaleandfemalebossesmanagedifferently.Itusestheexampleofafemalevice-president,who_atameetingbecauseshefeltangry,butmendont_.Thedifferencestemsfromthewhole_oftraditionalrolesformenandwomen.,PartIV(Paras.6-_),burstintotears,understand,socialcontext,8,9.Whatstheobstacleforfemalebosses?(Para.9),PartVdiscussestheobstaclesafemalebossalsofaces:Femaleemployeesexpecttheirfemalebosswill_themmorequickly;ontheotherhand,theyhopetheirfemalebosscan_herownworkwithoutbotheringthem.,PartV(Para.9),promote,takecareof,10.WhatcanyouinferfromwhatNinasaysaboutthebestmanagementstyles?(Para.10),PartVIconcludesthefeaturereport.Theauthorisrather_aboutthefuture,hopingthedaywill_.whenpeoplerecognizethebestmanagementstylesare_ofbothmaleandfemale.,PartVI(Para.10),optimistic,comesoon,composed,Introduction,Examples,StructureoftheText,MainIdeatheirenergiesareputtouse.,flexible,understanding,delegatepower,consensus,flourish,Tobecontinued,inputintodecisions,passivebystanders,Accordingto_studies,menare_,goal-orientedand_whilewomenmanage_andskillfully.Thedifference_thewholesocialcontextoftraditionalrolesformenandwomen.Menaremore_thanwomen,thusdemandingmorepowerthanwomen.,authoritative,plausible,typicallyhierarchical,feelentitled,diplomatically,stemsfrom,Tobecontinued,Thoughafewdecadesagotherewerefewerfemalebossesinleadingpositions,womencouldnowbe_toworktogetherwithmentocreatethebestmanagementstyle.,perceived,愿意做某事；樂于做某事,(despiteofparentsdisapproval),Despiteofhisparentsdisapproval,herepeatedthathewouldalsobedisposedtostay.,bedisposedtodosth.,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,盡管父母反對(duì)，他反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)他也樂意留下來。,意群提示,在兩個(gè)方面,(takeitforgrantedthat),Itookitforgrantedthathewasakindandhonestperson,butIwaswrongonbothcounts.,onbothcounts,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,我原以為他是個(gè)善良、誠(chéng)實(shí)的人，但這兩點(diǎn)我都想錯(cuò)了。,意群提示,（與某人在一起）感到放松，不拘束,(learningprocess/befacilitated),Thelearningprocesswillbefacilitatedifyoufeelateasewithyourteacher.,feelateasewithsb,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,與教師相處融洽有助于學(xué)習(xí)過程。,意群提示,為對(duì)某事或某想法取得一致意見作出妥協(xié),(reachasettlement/asusual),Ourcompanyhasmadeaconcessiontotheminordertoreachasettlementandtocontinuewithbusinessasusual.,makeaconcession/concessionsto,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,為了達(dá)成和解并繼續(xù)往常的業(yè)務(wù)，我們公司已對(duì)他們作出妥協(xié)。,意群提示,歸結(jié)為,(whetherornot/goonavacation/canafford),ThedecisionwhetherornotwecangoonavacationtoEuropecomesdowntomoneyintheend;thatis,howmuchmoneywecanafford.,comedownto,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,我們能不能去歐洲度假的決定最終都?xì)w結(jié)到錢，即我們能有多少錢。,意群提示,因某事而生氣（煩惱）,(noprivacy/socialnetworks/bespiedon),Asthereisnoprivacyinsocialnetworks,wetakeexceptiontobeingspiedon.,takeexceptiontosth.,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,由于在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上沒有隱私可言，我們對(duì)自己受到監(jiān)視很生氣。,意群提示,突然迸發(fā)（尤指開始唱歌、哭、笑等）,(acrossplayground),Acrosstheplaygroundcameagoodnewsandallthepeopleburstintoexcitement.,burstinto,短語逆譯,短語應(yīng)用,操場(chǎng)的對(duì)面，傳來一個(gè)好消息，所有的人都激動(dòng)起來。,意群提示,1971年，莫妮卡申請(qǐng)一個(gè)行政助理的工作時(shí)，她被問到：想與男律師共事還是與女律師共事。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),WhenMonicaappliedforajobasanadministrativeassistantin1971,shewasaskedwhethershewouldratherworkforamaleorafemaleattorney.(Para.1.L.1),句型提煉,sb.wouldratherdosth.,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,表達(dá)優(yōu)先選擇的一種方式，“表示寧愿；寧可；還是為好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形,句型應(yīng)用,(bealone/asyouplease),典型例句,如果你寧愿獨(dú)自呆著，那我們?nèi)缒闼付茧x開這兒。,意群提示,Ifyouwouldratherbealone,wellallleavehereasyouplease.,相反，女人則是靈活變通的，愿意分享權(quán)力。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),Women,bycontrast,managediplomatically,andsharepower.(Para.4.L.2),句型提煉,sb.dosth.,bycontrast,sb.dosth.else.,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,“表示與相比之下”，用于對(duì)比，以顯示出兩人或事物的差異。,句型應(yīng)用,(failedtheexam),典型例句,她考試差點(diǎn)不及格，相比之下，她的妹妹考得很好。,意群提示,Shehadalmostfailedtheexam,buthersister,bycontrast,haddoneverywell.,有人宣稱：有著類似背景、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和抱負(fù)的男性和女性，基本上以同樣的方式來進(jìn)行管理。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),Someproclaimthatmenandwomenofsimilarbackgrounds,experienceandaspirationsbasicallymanageinthesameway.(Para.4.L.4),句型提煉,Someproclaim/announce/reveal/state/propose/indicate/declare,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,“表示某人宣稱(持有樣的觀點(diǎn))”，用來提出某人的立場(chǎng)、觀點(diǎn)、想法等,句型應(yīng)用,(theaccused/innocent/notguilty),典型例句,在法庭上，被告宣稱自己是無辜的。,意群提示,Atthecourt,theaccusedproclaimedthathewasinnocent/notguilty.,另一方面，幾十年前她們工作的地方幾乎不可能有女上司，這一點(diǎn)毫無爭(zhēng)議。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),Ontheotherhand,thereisnodisputethatafewdecadesagotheywouldrarelyhavehadafemalebossintheworkplace.(Para.10.L.1),句型提煉,Thereisnodisputethat,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,表示“對(duì)某事沒有爭(zhēng)議”。,句型應(yīng)用,(primarysource/seniorpeople),典型例句,這是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí)：家人和親屬是居家老人的主要支持來源。,意群提示,Thereisnodisputethatfamilyandrelativesaretheprimarysourceofsupportforseniorpeopleathome.,Toyourbestknowledge,whatarethedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenwhenitcomestotheirrespectiveworkingstyles?,Whoseworkingstyledoyouprefer?Mensorwomens?Why?,Howwouldyouperceivethewomensroleatthemanagementlevelinthefuture?,Tips,Tips,Tips,Men:strong,tough,stubborn,direct,hierarchical,distant,cold,impatient,rough,focusonresult,goal-oriented.Menalsohaveastrongurgetocontrolandfeelentitled.Women:moreflexiblestyle,understanding,patient,detailed,warm,careful,considerate,indecisive,diplomatic,team-oriented.,Toyourbestknowledge,whatarethedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenwhenitcomestotheirrespectiveworkingstyles?,2.Whoseworkingstyledoyouprefer?Mensorwomens?Why?,Mens:moredirectanddecisiveWomens:moreaccessibleandreasonable,moreunderstanding.Womantendstodelegatemorepowerandisalwayslookingforaconsensus.Employeesarehappyandflourishbecausetheyhaveaninputintodecisionsandtheyarenotmerebystanders;theirenergiesareharnessed.,Theywilldefinitelyplayanindispensablerole;Theywillpossiblyoutweighmeninleadership;Theywillprobablybecometougherthanbefore;Theywillstillfacechallengesandgenderbarriers.Femalebosssauthoritywillstillbeunderminedsometimesbyperceptionsabouthergender.,3.Howwouldyouperceivethewomensroleatthemanagementlevelinthefuture?,Howdoyouunderstandwomenssocialstatusinthepastandatpresent?,Aristotle,thegreatphilosopherinGreece,onceraisedthatthepurposeforamantomarryawomanwastoproduceoffspring,andhavethewifeservehisparentsandmanagehouseholdaffairs.InfeudalChina,girlshadtolearntofollowthe“rulesforwomen”fromanearlyage.TheClassicofRites（禮記）describesthat“Boysresideintheouterpartofthecourtyardwhilegirlstheinnerparttomindthehouse.”,Howdoyouunderstandwomenssocialstatusinthepastandatpresent?,Once,girlswerediscriminatedeversincetheywereborn.Hundredsofyearslater,however,everythinghaschanged:“womenarekeytoourfutureeconomicgrowthandstability”,saidSecretaryofStateHillaryClinton.,VideoWatching,Tips,Back,Q1.Whatarethemaindifficultieswomenmayfaceintheworkplace?,Theroadtosuccessasabusinesswomanisnotaneasyone.adoublestandardofthebehaviorofmenandwomengenderbarriershardtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandfamilylifeastereotyped“bimbo”titleforwomen,tobecontinued,Q2.Ifyouregivenachoice,wouldyouchooseamaleorfemaleboss?Why?,Amaleboss:Amalebossismoredecisive/efficient.Afemalebossiseasytogetwrappedupinseeinganotherwomanasathreat.,Afemaleboss:Amalebossiscolder/bossier.Afemalebossismorereasonable/moreconsiderateandnicer/accessible/helpful.,A,SECTION,Learnhowtowriteanexampleessay：Featuresusuallyfocusonparticularpeople,placesandevents.Theycovertopicsindepth,goingfurtherthannewsarticlesbecausetheyarenotmeanttoreportthelatestbreakingnewsbutratheranin-depthlookatasubject.Agoodfeaturerequiresmanyspecificandlivelyexamples,obtainedfrombackgroundresearch,interviewsandobservations.,tobecontinued,Learnhowtowriteanexampleessay：Inanexampleessay,yousupportyourpointbyillustratingitwithexamples.Howmanyexamplesyouuseinanexampleessaydependsonthetopic.Also,theexamplesyouusetodevelopthethesisstatementshouldberepresentativefairlysupportyourthesis.Tomakeexamplesspecificandimpressive,youneedtousedescriptivewordsanddirectspeeches.,tobecontinued,Learnhowtowriteanexampleessay：Inaddition,toachievecoherenceinyourexampleessay,youneedtopayattentiontotheorderofexamplesandproperuseoftransitions.Theexamplesinanexampleessaycanbeorganizedaccordingtotime,familiarityandimportance.Meanwhile,bodyparagraphsinanexampleessaymustbeconnectedsothattheycanflowsmoothly.Inotherwords,theshiftfromoneexampletothenextshouldntbeabruptsothatthereaderunderstandsclearlytheprogressionofthought.,tobecontinued,EssayWriting,WritingDevices,Learnhowtowriteanexampleessay：Transitionstointroduceexamplesinclude:,LetslookatParagraph6fromTextAtoseehowtosupportathesisstatementwithaspecificanddetailedexample:,Tosomeextent,themale-femaledifferencescomedowntoconflictingstyles.Onefemalevice-presidentdiscussedthetimesheburstintotearsduringameeting.“Menthinkthattearsareanuclearweaponinaconventionalwar.Theytakeexceptiontoawomancrying,inferringthatshesfeelingunhappyorviolated.”Themenfailedtounderstandthatwhatpromptedhertearswasnothurtbutgenuinerage.“Whenwecry,itsbecausewehaveallthisvalidragethathasnoappropriaterelease,”shesays.“Womencry;mengetreliefbygoingonwiththeoffenseorbyveilingtheirfeelingstoappearcomposed.”(Para.6),Readthesampleessayandseehowitdevelopswithexamples.,Topic:GenderbarriersstillexistsIntroduction:Thesisstatement:Femalemanagerstodayarestillfacingmanychallenges,especiallygenderbarriers.,tobecontinued,Body:Example1:AdoublestandardofthebehaviorofmenandwomenExample2:Astereotyped“bimbo”titleforwomen,tobecontinued,Conclusion:Femalemanagerscanbemadetofeelmoreinsecureatworkbecauseofgenderbarriers.,tobecontinued,Sample:Throughouthistory,womenhavebeenhardworkerswhoplacehighvalueonachievement.Theyoftenjudgetheirpersonalworthbasedupontheiraccomplishmentsratherthanhowmuchmoneytheymake.Atthemanagementlevel,womenarealsoconsideredbettermanagersthanmenbecauseoftheiruniqueworkingstyles.However,femalemanagerstodayarestillfacingmanychallenges,especiallygenderbarriers.,tobecontinued,Sample:Tobeginwith,adoublestandardoccurswhenthebehaviorofmenandwomenarelabeled.Likeitornot,westillhavesomenotionsofwhatisanacceptablefemalebehavior.Thosewomenwhoworkextrahard,makenoallowancesforfailure,anddontbelieveinweaknessesareconsideredcold-hearted.Whenawomanshowsstrengthofcharacterinameeting,forinstance,shemaybeseenas“aggressive”whereashermalecounterpartisseenas“assertive”.,tobecontinued,Sample:Anadditionalexampleofgenderbarriersforwomenintheworkplaceisthe“bimbo”title,whichisusedtodescribeawomanwhogotherpositionbyplayingagameofherfemaletricks.Forthiskindofwoman,sheisprettybutnotnecessarilyintelligent.So,thegeneralconceptisthatwomenareincompetentandthattheyremaininthepositiononlybymeansoftheircharmonthemalebosses.Butitcouldallbejustamatterofourownperceptionsofwhatsnormalforamanandawoman.,tobecontinued,Sample:Toconclude,femalemanagerscanbemadetofeelmoreinsecureatworkbecauseofgenderbarriers.Theyhavetofaceadoublestandardofthebehaviorofmenandwomen;theyalsoworryaboutsomenegativestereotypesofwomen.,Writingpractice,Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasanoutlineyoucanfollow.,Moretopics:WomenleadershipinChinaFemaleteacherinmyeyes,WriteanessayentitledwithWomensManagementStyle.Youmayapplyasmanyexpressionsfromthetextaspossibletoyourwriting.,Writeanessayonthefollowingtopic.,EssayWriting,EssayWriting,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartI.IntroductionoftheessayWomenareincreasinglyworkinginuppermanagementroles;Thesisstatement:Womensmanagementstyletendstobemorecommunicativeandrelationship-oriented.,Tobecontinued,EssayWriting,EssayWriting,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartII.Bodypartusingexamplestoillustratethemainpoint.Example1:Womensmanagementstyleisbeingmorecommunicative;1.Theirmanagementstyleisbeingmorecommunicative.Womenusuallyhavegreaterverbalandverbalcomprehensionabilitythanmen.2.Theyareusuallymoresupportive,moreinclinedtodelegateresponsibilities.,Tobecontinued,EssayWriting,EssayWriting,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartII.Bodypartusingexamplestoillustratethemainpoint.Example2:Womensmanagementstyleisbeingmorerelationship-oriented.Womenaremoreemotionallyandspirituallyintelligent.Womenhavethepotentialtobemoreunderstanding.,Tobecontinued,EssayWriting,EssayWriting,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartIII.ConclusionWomensnaturalmanagementstylehelpsthemsucceedintheirworkplace;Womenarebroughtuptohaveverbalskillsandemotionalintelligence,whichisahugeadvantage.,Tobecontinued,EssayWriting,EssayWriting,Youmayadoptthefollowingexpressions.,astrongforceintheworkplace;gonearethedaysof;filltheranksinprofessionsandtopcompanies;oneexampleof;anotherex