甘肅省岷縣二中2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）

岷縣二中2020學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試高一英語第I卷 選擇題（共70分）I. 閱讀理解（共15小題每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑APeople have strange ideas about food. For example, tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition(營養(yǎng)) and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous(有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples”.President Thomas Jefferson, however, know that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.1. After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?A. Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.B. Americans didnt eat tomatoes before 19th century.C. Even now Americans dont eat tomatoes.D. In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.2. Jefferson learned that tomatoes were good to eat _.A. while he was in Paris B. when he was a little boyC. because his parents told him so D. from books3. From the passage we know all the honoured guests invited by Jefferson were _.A. people from other countries B. from FranceC. people of his own country D. men only4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. None of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President party was made of tomatoes.B. All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the Presidents cook was nice.C. President Thomas Jefferson knew that tomatoes were good to eat and not poisonous at all.D. All of the guests didnt know that their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D【解析】本文屬于記敘文，講述美國人在18世紀(jì)認(rèn)為番茄有毒，只當(dāng)作觀賞性植物來養(yǎng)，直到杰弗遜去巴黎嘗到番茄的美味之后，開始食用番茄?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes.以及第二段President Thomas Jefferson, however, know that tomatoes were good to eat.可知，美國人在19世紀(jì)之前不食用番茄，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes.可知，在巴黎，杰弗遜開始嘗到了番茄的味道，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.可知，這些客人不知道食物是番茄做的，結(jié)合前文，美國人當(dāng)時不吃番茄，故可知客人都是美國人，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.可知，客人們都不知道，而D選項為部分否定，并不是所有的人都知道，與文章意思不符，故選D。BGood health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.Proper nutrition (營養(yǎng)) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料). Dont eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白質(zhì)), like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (維他命) and minerals. However, dont overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you dont get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的個性). Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (壽命). Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.If everybody were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.5. According to the passage, _.A. we should always keep fitB. if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleepC. one can eat a lot to stay in good shapeD. one neednt take any exercise if he is healthy6. In order to keep good health, _.A. we should eat a lot of sweetsB. one needs a large amount of fatC. people should eat according to the foods nutritionD. we must try to sleep now and then7. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Eating too much sugar and fat is not good for our health.B. We have no energy if we dont have enough sleep.C. If we sleep five hours each night, we will feel strong.D. Exercise is good for our body.8. The title of the article should be _.A. Eating and Exercising B. How Vitamins Work in Mans BodyC. Staying Healthy D. Sleeping Well【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C 8. C【解析】本文屬于說明文，健康很重要，為了保持健康，我們應(yīng)該注意自己的飲食、睡眠時間以及適當(dāng)?shù)倪\動?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have,可知，健康是一個最寶貴的東西，因而我們應(yīng)該時刻保持健康，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).可知，只有吃的東西恰當(dāng)，才能保持健康，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night.可知，恰當(dāng)?shù)乃邥r間是7至9小時，睡眠不足，人會感到疲倦，故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.可知，本文主要從飲食、睡眠以及運動方面介紹保持健康的方法，故選C。CEnrich your knowledge about Mexico with eBooks.We offer a range of selected titles, many of which cannot be found elsehere.With eBooks, you can download immediately and read today.Book Name：Mexico Road LogsNumber of Pages：64Publication Date：1st March 2020Price：US$12.99Description：The Mexico Road Logs will make your highway journeys across Mexico much better, easier and safer.The Mexico Road Logs is better than a GPS. It is more like a knowledgeable friend sitting in the passenger seat showing you where to turn, warning you about the next speed bump, gas station, or military cheek point.Book Name：English Speakers Guide to Living in MexicoNumber of Pages：149Publication Date：22nd April 2020Price：US $19.95Description：If youre planning to move to Mexico, making plans for your future life there, this book will help you .It contains a wealth of valuable and uptodate information that will help you to understand the Mexican health and medical care systems and make informed choices about healthcare provision in Mexico.Book Name：Sleeping With Pancho VillaNumber of Pages：213Publication Date：1st June 2020Price：US $9.95Description：The story happens in a small Mexican town.Jake, an American drifter (流浪漢) in an unnamed Mexican town，becomes a suspect in the murder of a local painter, Pancho.The search for the true criminal reveals the countrys disordered politics and its economic tensions.Book Name：2020 Guide to the Cost of Living in MexicoNumber of Pages：71Publication Date：1st February 2020Price：US $19.95Description：Dont just guess at what living in Mexico might cost you. Everybodys situation is unique and so too are the costs. It enables you to create an estimate of your living costs in this country, based on your individual situation and lifestyle.9. Which category (類別) does the book，English Speakers Guide to Living in Mexico belong to?A. Road logs.B. Fiction.C. Health and medical care.D. Work and retirement.10. Which of the following is TRUE about Sleeping With Pancho Villa?A. It is an interesting story that happens in Mexico.B. It tells the story of a Mexican painter, Jake.C. It is mainly about Mexican politics and economics.D. It reveals the political and economic situation of Mexico through a story.11. What does the underlined word，“It” in the last part，probably refer to?A. Mexican.B. The book.C. Your lifestyle.D. Your education level.【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】本文屬于說明文，介紹四本關(guān)于墨西哥介紹的書籍的簡介?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段The Mexico Road Logs is better than a GPS. It is more like a knowledgeable friend sitting in the passenger seat showing you where to turn, warning you about the next speed bump, gas station, or military cheek point.可知，這本書為游客提供路途上相關(guān)的交通信息，故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段The search for the true criminal reveals the countrys disordered politics and its economic tensions.可知，本書揭露了墨西哥的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)情況，故選D。【11題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)書名2020 Guide to the Cost of Living in Mexico可知，本書關(guān)于墨西哥的消費水平的介紹，因而通過這本書，可以對墨西哥的消費情況有個粗略的了解，故it指代這本書，故選B?！军c睛】關(guān)于廣告等應(yīng)用文閱讀的解題技巧。應(yīng)用文閱讀主要設(shè)計廣告、宣傳海報或者電影書籍的簡介等載體，具體以考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，其文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，不必詳讀全文。因此，只需要弄清楚文章結(jié)構(gòu)，然后根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵信息迅速定位在文章中依據(jù)，仔細(xì)閱讀文章中的相關(guān)句子，弄清其意思和邏輯關(guān)系，那么答案也就很明顯了。DLooking for Canadian culture? Just put your eyes on the ice rink. “We love hockey,” says Marion Alexander, a Canadian English teacher in Beijing. “It really is Canadas sport.”There is no other sport so close to the hearts of Canadians and no other sport in which Canadians have been so successful. But how much do you know about hockey?Hockey is played on a court of ice called a rink. Each team has six players: a goalie (goal keeper), a centre, two defensemen, and two forwards. All of them wear ice skates.Instead of a ball, hockey uses a puck, which is a small black object that looks like a small, flat round cake made of rubber. Each team tries their best to hit the puck with their hockey sticks into the other teams goal. The team which scores the most goals at the end of three periods is the winner.“Hockey has a lot of rules,” says Alexander, “but once you are used to it, it seems very natural.”In Canada, hockey is part of the national identity. Many Canadians play youth hockey when they are growing up, and many Canadian families make a tradition of watching the games.“I played goalie when I was younger,” remembers Alexander. “My family would always watch the Calgary Flames (a team in the National Hockey League) play on TV.”Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics. “Canada is a diverse country that doesnt have a strong unified culture like China. That is why hockey is so important. Supporting the national team brings all of Canada together,” says Alexander.12. The passage is mainly about _.A. the origin and development of hockey B. Canadians diverse sports cultureC. Marion Alexanders view of hockey D. the role of hockey in Canadian culture13. Hockey is important to Canadians for all of the following reasons except _.A. it is Canadians favourite sport B. it is an event at the OlympicsC. it is part of the national identity D. it helps unite the whole country14. What does the underlined sentence imply?A. Canada is more diverse than China.B. Canadians are not as united as the Chinese.C. There are not many things that bring all Canadian people together.D. There are not so many sports in Canada as in China.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Hockey Brings Canadians Together B. How to Play HockeyC. The National Identity for Canadians D. Finding Canadian Culture【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文屬于記敘文，講述加拿大最具代表性的運動曲棍球，它將全加拿大的人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球?qū)τ诩幽么髞碚f，不僅僅是一項運動，還是一個可以團(tuán)結(jié)加拿大人的東西，故講曲棍球的作用，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段There is no other sport so close to the hearts of Canadians and no other sport in which Canadians have been so successful.以及第六段In Canada, hockey is part of the national identity.以及第八段It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球是加拿大人喜愛的運動，是國家的一部分，團(tuán)結(jié)全加拿大人，喜歡曲棍球不是因為是奧運會的一個項目，故選B。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線句子可知，加拿大是一個多元文化的國家，沒有太多東西能夠把國家團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，而曲棍球就是其中一項，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球?qū)τ诩幽么髞碚f，不僅僅是一項運動，還是一個可以團(tuán)結(jié)加拿大人的東西，故講曲棍球的作用，故選A。【點睛】關(guān)于主旨大意題的解題技巧。主旨大意題是閱讀理解中常見的題型之一，主要考查對文章的大概意思的理解，其主要的形式有兩種問法，關(guān)于最佳標(biāo)題和文章主要關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容的。而英語文章，通常文章的開端或者結(jié)尾是主旨句的地方，因此找到主旨句，也就找到了這類題的答案依據(jù)，比如小題1和小題4都是利用主旨句來確定答案的。II.閱讀七選五（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。What is the difference between happy people and unhappy people? _16_ Read the following list of things that HAPPY people do differently from UNHAPPY people and you will know.Well, I can tell you surely that those people who are really happy, fear less and love a lot more. They see each moment, each challenge（挑戰(zhàn)）, each person as an opportunity（機(jī)會） to discover more about themselves and the world around them. _17_Happy people understand that you cant really change a situation(境況) by resisting（反抗）it. But they can feel better by understanding that there might be a reason._18_But , they ask themselves questions like: What can I learn from this? How can I make this better? They always seem to be pleasant and hopeful no matter .They do the things they do because of the meaning it brings into their lives and because they get a sense of purpose by doing so._19_they care more about living a life full of meaning rather than, what in our modern society we would call, living a successful life. The fact here is that most of the time they get both, success and meaning, just because they choose to focus on doing the things they love the most._20_ they make sure that their actions bring meaning and happiness in the lives of many. They look for ways to give and to share the best of themselves with the world and to make other people happy.A. They have an ideal（理想的） living and a balanced life.B. What are these two kinds of people do differently?C. They are kind to themselves and others and they understand the power of love.D. The things happy people do are not for themselves, but for the good of others.E. They are ready to embrace （擁抱）everything in front of them.F. They understand that “Doing what you love is the most important for living a full life”.G. When something unpleasant happens to them, they dont try to fight it, bacause this will make the situation even worse.【答案】16. B 17. E18. G 19. F20. D【解析】本文講述了快樂的人和不快樂的人之間的區(qū)別是什么，快樂的人和不快樂的人做事有哪些不同?！?6題詳解】B 由前一句的疑問及后面的you will know可知，此處應(yīng)該是接著的另一個問題。【17題詳解】C 前一句說快樂的人把每個時刻、每個挑戰(zhàn)和每個人都看作發(fā)現(xiàn)自己和周圍世界的機(jī)會，所以下一句應(yīng)該說“因此他們準(zhǔn)備接受任何在他們前面的事物”?！?8題詳解】G 前面說到快樂的人知道外在環(huán)境不一定會因為反抗就發(fā)生改變，因此當(dāng)不愉快的事情發(fā)生時，他們不是反抗，（因為他們）知道這會讓形勢更糟糕。【19題詳解】F 根據(jù)這一段后面的內(nèi)容說快樂的人更在乎過充實的生活而不是我們所謂的成功，所以F項“他們理解“做自己喜歡的事才是過充實生活最重要的”概括這一段。另外根據(jù)空格后一句中l(wèi)iving a life full of meaning和F項中“l(fā)iving a full life”屬于詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，也可以推斷選F項。【20題詳解】D 根據(jù)這一段都是講快樂的人確保自己的行動給他人帶來快樂，故D項“快樂的人做事不為自己，而是為他人的幸?！备爬ㄈ??？键c：考查說明文閱讀III. 完形填空（共20 小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Everyone needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should _21_ some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods _22_ change into energy. Our bodies use different _23_ of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里). The more_24_ we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are _25_, you are using energy about 65 calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is _26_ up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as _27_ as 650 calories an hour.The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is _28_ in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in the world. That is _29_ lots of people in China have white teeth.People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and dont take _30_ exercise. Because of this, they _31_ very easily. In order to_32_ with the quick pace(步伐) of their life and work, they eat a lot of fast food. They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisps, chocolate, butter and ice cream and so on, which are called_33_ food by some epicureans(美食家). The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid _34_ fat and _35_ it is advisable(明智的) to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.21. A. include B. hold C. contain D. make up22. A. which B. what C. where D. it23. A. numbers B. amounts C. plenty D. deal24. A. exercise B. exercises C. sport D. game25. A. sleepy B. running C. working D. asleep26. A. running B. adding C. burning D. wasting27. A. much B. many C. few D. little28. A. poor B. low C. rich D. plenty29. A. why B. because C. because of D. since30. A. a number of B. too much C. masses of D. enough31. A. lose weight B. put on weight C. die D. stay healthy32. A. keep up B. carry on C. keep