人教版英語八年級下unit5講解與練習

-Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm.1) 本句為過去進行時態(tài)，表示在過去某時間某動作正在發(fā)生，由“助動詞was/were+v.-ing”。 - What were you doing at nine yesterday morning? -I was playing in the park.2) at the time of 在.的時候What were you doing at the time of the earthquake.2. My alarm didnt go off so I _ up late. Go off 意為”（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲The alarm went off at 6:30.A car alarm went off in the middle of the night.3. I _ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus. 我_ 到公共汽車候車亭，但我還是沒趕上公共汽車。Hurry up, or you will miss your train.I got up late so I missed the early bus. 拓展：1） miss 作及物動詞，意為“想念、思念” 2）miss 作及物動詞，意為“缺課”4. 。When the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?1) 此處when作從屬連詞，意為“當。時候”， 引導時間狀語從句，其謂語動詞既可以是非延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間可以與主句的謂語動詞的動作是同時、之前后之后。My mother was cooking supper when I got home.She began to play the piano when she was five years old.2) suddenly 副詞，意為“突然，忽然”在句子中多修飾動詞或動詞，作狀語。I suddenly remembered that I didnt bring my key.It all happened so suddenly.5. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either.此處either 是副詞， 意為“也”，只用于否定句。Either 用于否定句，一般放在句末。I dont like physics and he doesnt like it either.Also一般用于肯定句和疑問句常放在句中。She speaks English and she also writes English.Too 一般用于肯定句和疑問句，常放在句末。Are you going to work, too?拓展：either作代詞，意為（兩者中的）一個。Here are two books. You can take either of them.6. Why did you call so many times?So many 意為“那么多”，修飾復數名詞。7. So while you are sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.此處while 作從屬連詞，意為“當。時候，在。期間”，引導時間狀語從句，其謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞。它強調主句的動作在從句動作的過程中發(fā)生，或者主句的動作與從句的動作同時發(fā)生，且持續(xù)時間一般較長。He fell asleep while he was listening to music.While “當。時候”，其謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞，常用于過去進行時中。While we were talking, he came in.When “當。時候”，其謂語可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動詞。The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain.拓展 while 與when 在過去進行時中位置的轉換：While John was playing the piano, Mary left the house.John was playing the piano when Mary left the house.(2011山東青島) Tom rushed into the house _ his mother was cooking.A. as B. before C. while D. After8. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.此處light 作不可數名詞，意為“光、光線”拓展1) light 作可數名詞，意為“電燈、光源” Dont cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2) Light 作形容詞，意為“輕的、淺的”Is the box heavy or light?I like the light green dress.3) light （lit/lighted) 作動詞，意為“點燃、照亮”He sat down and lit a cigarette.9. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.1. Wood 作不可數名詞， 意為“木材，木頭”, a piece of wood 意為“一塊木頭”He put some wood in the fire.拓展 wood 作可數名詞，意為“樹林”She is afraid to walk through the woods at night.2. Make sure 意為“務必、確保、確認”，后面常接that 從句或of 短語。Make sure that you put down every word she says.We must make sure of it.10. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.1) beat (beat, beaten)不及物動詞，意為“敲打；（風雨等）沖擊；（心臟、脈搏等）跳動Someone was beating on the door.拓展beat 作及物動詞，意為”打、敲、打敗”Whos beating the drum?We beat them by 3:2.2) against 作介詞，此處意為“觸、碰、撞、倚、靠”The rain beat against the car windscreen.He was throwing a ball against the wall.拓展 against 作介詞，還意為“反對、違反”They are against the plan.That is against the law.11. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.fall asleep 為固定短語，意為“進入夢鄉(xiāng)、睡著”Die down 固定短語，意為“逐漸變弱；逐漸消失”1) Asleep 作形容詞，意為“睡著”，常作表語，無比較級和最高級。He is asleep on the sofa.2) Sleepy “困倦的、寂靜的”I feel sleepy. Im going to bed.3) Sleeping “睡著的”，作定語；還可以表示與睡有關的東西，如睡袋：sleeping bag, 臥鋪車廂：sleeping car, 安眠藥：sleeping pill.12. When he woke up, the sun was rising. 1）Wake up 意為“醒來；把。叫醒”，可以不帶賓語，也可以接名詞或代詞作賓語。Please wake me up at five oclock tomorrow morning.2) Rise (rose, risen) 作不及物動詞，意為 “上升、升起”The river rose yesterday afternoon.辨析 rise 與raiseRise “升起；提高；增加”作不及物動詞，主語常為物。 Raise “升起；提高；增加”，主語常為人。The girl raise the box to the truck.13. Although the storm broke many things apart; it brought families and neighbors closer together.1) 此處bring (brought, brought) 作使役動詞，意為“促使”They brought things right. 他們使事情正確。14. But luckily, the river was fine.Luckily 作副詞，意為“幸運地；幸虧”作狀語。拓展1）lucky 作形容詞，意為“幸運的；有好運的”2） luck 作不及物動詞，意為“好運；幸運；運氣” Good luck to you！15. The roads were ice because of the heavy snow from the night before.Icy作形容詞，意為“結冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”拓展 ice 作不可數名詞，意為“冰”The ice is thick enough to skate on.英語中，一些與天氣有關的名詞，加后綴-y 可構成相應的形容詞。Iceicy; frostfrosty; cloudcloudy; rainrainy; snowsnowy; windwindy; sunsunny; fogfoggySection B1. On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed.Was killed 意為“被殺害”，是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。由助動詞waswere +過去分詞 構成。當句子的主語為動作的承受者或不清楚動作的執(zhí)行者時，可用被動語態(tài)來表示。The bridge was built last year by workers.2. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.1) the rest of 意為“剩余的”We eat some of the butter and keep the rest of it for breakfast.Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.2) silence 不可數名詞，意為“沉默、緘默、無聲”，短語 in silence, 意為 “沉默、無聲”拓展 silent 形容詞，意為“寂靜的、無聲的”He kept silent when he heard the news.3. I was so scared that i could hardly think clearly think clearly after that. 1) scared 形容詞， 意為“害怕的；恐懼的”，常作表語，近義詞為“afraid”She is scared of mice.2) hardly 副詞，意為“幾乎不；幾乎沒有”，表示否定He hardly does homework.辨析：Hardly 副詞，意為“幾乎不”She was so excited that she could hardly sleep.Hard 形容詞，意為“難的；硬的”；She found it hard to decide. 副詞，意為“努力地；猛烈地” We should work hard.(2013. 山東臨沂）David was so excited at the good news that he could _ say a word.A nearly B hard C ever D hardly4. September 11, 2001 the date alone means something to most people in the US.1）此處alone 作副詞，意為“只有；僅僅”常用于名詞或代詞后You alone can help me. 只有你才能幫助我。辨析： alone 與onlyAlone “只有；僅僅”常用于被修飾的名詞或代詞后Only “只有；僅僅”，要放在所修飾的名詞或代詞前2） 此處mean ( meant,meant) 作及物動詞，意為“意思是”This sign means that cars must stop.What does this word mean?拓展 meaning 是名詞，意為“意思；含義”，既是可數名詞，又是不可數名詞。What is the meaning of the life?The word “mean” has several meanings.5. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.Have trouble (in) doing sth.意為”做某事有困難或麻煩”，類似的詞組還有：have problemsdifficulty (in）doing sth. Thousands of people have trouble falling asleep.He had no trouble finding a job.（2012. 貴州畢節(jié)） I have _in learning English and Im so worried. Could you help me with it? Sure, Id love to.A joy B interest C trouble D fun6. But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.1) point out 意為“指出”，人稱代詞作賓語時應放在動詞之后，副詞之前。There is a mistake in this sentence. Can you pint it out?拓展 1 point 作不及物動詞，意為“指向”，常與介詞at,to, towards, 等連用She pointed at me, laughing.2 Points 作可數名詞，意為”點；要點”Lets discuss the difficult points in the passage.2） go away 意為“離去”7. While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well.1) had seen 為過去完成時，表示在過去的某個時間或動作之前已經發(fā)生或完成的動作，由助動詞had+過去分詞 構成I realized that i had left my homework at home.2) as well 相當一個副詞，意為“還，也”， 只用于疑問句或肯定句，常放在句末。Are they coming as well?辨析 as well 與as well asAs well副詞，意為“還，也”She speaks Japanese as well.As well as “既。又。；不僅。而且?！弊鞑⒘羞B詞 She grows flowers as well as vegetables.語法專項過去進行時1. 過去進行時的構成及用法由助動詞waswere +v.ing構成，表示過去某一時刻或時間段正在進行的動作。時間狀語，如then, at that time, yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning, all night以及whenwhile 從句等I was reading a bok in the library at that time.They were having an English class at 9:00 yesterday morning.He was reading a story-book when the teacher came in.2. 過去進行時的基本句式1） 肯定句：主語+waswere+v.-ing+其他I was sleeping at ten oclock last night.2） 否定句：主語+wasntwerent +v.-ing+其他I wasnt sleeping at ten oclock last night.3) 疑問句：WasWere +主語+v.-ing+其他？Were you sleeping at ten oclock last night?Yes, I was. No, I wasnt.(2013. 天津) I saw him in the library yesterday. He _ a book at that moment.A reads B is reading C was reading D will read短語歸納1. Wait for 等候 2. Look for 尋找3. Go off （鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲 4. Take a shower洗澡；淋浴5. Pick up 接電話 6. Make sure務必；確保7. Have fun 玩的開心 8. Fall asleep入睡；睡著9. Die down 逐漸變弱；逐漸消失 10. Wake up醒來；叫醒11. In a mess 凌亂不堪；亂七八糟 12. Clean up打掃干凈；整理13. In times of difficulty 在困難時期 14. Take photos拍照15. Play the piano 彈鋼琴 16. Turn on 打開17. Listen to the radio 聽收音機 18. Right away立刻；馬上19 have a look 看 20. Get to到達21. Because of 因為 22. Make ones way行走；前進23. In silence 沉默地；無聲地 24. Take down摧毀；拆卸；記下25. Tell the truth 說實話 26. Point out指出27. Go away 消失；離開 28. As well也29. Three times a week 一周三次 30. Call out喊出 用法集萃1. Be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事2. See sb. sth. Doing sth.看見某人某物正在做某事3. Beginstart to do sth.開始做某事4. Try to do sth.努力做某事5. Its +adj.+to do sth.做某事是。的Have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有困難單元練習一 單項選擇 ( )1. After my alarm clock every morning , I get up and get dressed . A turns on B turns off C goes on D goes off ( )2.Thank you very much ,I cant pass the test your help . A with B because of C because D without ( )3. Look! The cat _ from the tree. Yes. It_ the tree just now. A. is jumping down; climbed upB. is jumping down; is climbing up C. jumps down; was climbing upD. jumps down; climbed( )4. What were you doing _last Sunday morning? A. at B. inC. overD. / ( )5. While I was at the _, I heard a nurse_ Davys name. A. doctors; callB. doctors; to call C. doctors; callingD. doctors; called ( )6.The boy with two dogs _in the yard when the earthquake hit the city. A. is playingB. are playing C. were playingD. was playing( )7. My father was reading a newspaper while my mother _ dinner.A. is cookingB. cooksC. was cookingD. will cook( )8.All the students were sleeping _they heard a man _“help”.A. when ; shouting B. while; to shout C. when ; to shout D. while; shouted( )9 The rainstorm came while Ann _ her purse in the classroom.A. was looking for B. looked for C. is looking at D. looks at( )10. .I went to the moon and took a walk there last night .A Good luck B Good idea C Youre kidding D Best wish ( )11. “They are filling the bags with clothes.” means theyre _ A putting their clothes away B. putting their clothes into the bags C. putting down their clothes D. putting on their clothes( )12.Mr. Black talked about his son with the teacher the phone.A. by B. on C. in D. with( )13 What are you doing ? I am thinking about at the class meeting. A. how say B. what say C. how to say D. what to say( )14. Dad, could you please drive ? No hurry. We have enough time before the plane takes off. A. faster B. fastest C. more slowly D. more carefully( )15. I tried several jackets on, but _ of them looked good. A. both B. either C. none D. neither( )16.When the man downstairs knocked at the door, I_. A.am doing houseworkB. was doing housework C. were doing houseworkD. am going to do housework ( )17. There is a blackboard_ our classroom. Our teacher was standing _ the blackboard at this time yesterday. A. in front of; in the front ofB. in the front of; on C. in the front of; in front ofD. in front of; in( )18.Its five oclock now . My mother dinner in the kitchen . A was making B is making C makes D made( )19.At that time ,they needed some to make a fire . A light B match C wind D wood( )20.My father books in the room at this time yesterday . A was seeing B was reading C is reading D read( )21.Ben and his friends walked silence .A home in B to home C to home at D home ( )22.What your parents at this time yesterday ? A was; doing B did; do C were; doing D are; doing( )23.What a rain ! Its raining so . A heavily ; heavy B heavy ;heavy C heavily ; heavily D heavy ; heavil