2010屆高考英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)1、can;may;mustshould;need等表示判斷及推測(cè)；2、shall;should的特殊用法；3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)答策略；4、對(duì)過去的判斷或推測(cè)；5、dare;need的用法特點(diǎn)。,2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法特點(diǎn)1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面只能接不帶to的不定式。3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有非謂語(yǔ)形式，即沒有不定式，分詞，等形式。,f.,3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法A.對(duì)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)和動(dòng)作的推測(cè)高考題點(diǎn)擊：Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.（05安徽卷）A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can,C,說明：must加動(dòng)詞原形表示“必須做”；may加動(dòng)詞原形表示“可能會(huì)做”；can加動(dòng)詞原形表示“能夠做”；can表示“可能性”時(shí)一般用在問句和否定句中。該句的關(guān)鍵在于“butsheisntquitesureyet”。,說明：neednt表示“不必”；mustnt表示“不準(zhǔn)”；shant用在二、三人稱中表示“堅(jiān)決不準(zhǔn)”，含有強(qiáng)烈的警告和命令的語(yǔ)氣。shouldnt表示“非常不可能”或“應(yīng)該不會(huì)”。,2.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.（05上海卷）A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt,C,3.Itsnearly7:00.Jack_behereatanymoment.(N1995)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.(N1996)A.wont,cantB.mustnt,mayC.shouldnt,mustD.cant,should,C,B,must+be表示“肯定會(huì)”；need+be表示“需要在”；should+動(dòng)詞原形表示“非常有可能”；can表示可能性只用在否定和疑問句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”，此處的“不能”并非表示“能力”，而是表示“允許”，所以只能用“mustnt”；后句表示“可能會(huì)傷著你自己”，故用may。,5.-AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?-Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.(N2000)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might6.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How_itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?(2001上海春季)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must,D,A,此句的關(guān)鍵在于“Imnotsure”，既然不能肯定，只能是一種“可能性”。,此句的意思為：“Bush先生總是很守時(shí)，他怎么可能在出席開幕儀式時(shí)遲到呢？“can在否定句或疑問句中表示“可能性”。,7.-IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthe_not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(N2002)A.mustB.canC.needD.may8.-Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.-It_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.(N2002北京)A.maynotbeB.wontbeC.couldntbeD.mustntbe,D,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是“Helikesdrivinghiscar.”can和may都可用于否定句中，cant表示“根本不可能”，語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)；maynot表示“也許不可能”，語(yǔ)氣較弱。,couldnt的語(yǔ)氣比cant弱。,B.對(duì)過去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)Tomoughtnotto_meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.(N1993)A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.havingtold2.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_forher.(N1994)A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout,A,C,oughtto相當(dāng)于should；此句的關(guān)鍵是“Hemeantnoharm”，顯然指的是過去的事。,shouldhavewritten意指“本該寫但實(shí)際上并沒有寫”。,3.-Therewerealready5peopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.(N1995)A.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen4.Susan_writtenareportlikethis.(1995上海)A.canhaveB.mustnthaveC.canthaveD.oughttonothave,D,C,此句談?wù)摰氖沁^去的經(jīng)歷，故A、B不合題意；must表示判斷和推測(cè)只能用在肯定句中。,該句的意思為Susan不可能寫出這樣的報(bào)告來。oughttohavedone的否定式為oughtnottohavedone。,5.Jack_yet,otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.(N97)A.mustnthavearrivedB.shouldnthavearrivedC.canthavearrivedD.neednthavearrived6.-IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.-Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.(N1998)A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed,C,A,此句的關(guān)鍵是后半句，“otherwisehewouldhavephonedme”，此處為省略了條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“如果到了他會(huì)打電話給我的”，由此可見，他肯定沒到。,此句并不表示判斷，而是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,4.shall;should的特殊用法1.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海)A.canB.willC.mayD.shall2.Itsnearly7:00.Jack_behereatanymoment.(N95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can,D,C,該句的意思為：“通知說所有的考生必須坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能離開?！笨忌谖恢蒙喜荒苡谩澳軌?、將要、可以”來表示。而shall在第二、三人稱里面表示一種“命令、警告、承諾”等。,3.-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They_bereadyby12:00.(N1998)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need4.Youcantimaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_besorudetoalady.(2001上海)A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would,B,C,此句應(yīng)是店主對(duì)顧客的承諾。,should與how;why等表示疑問或否定的詞連用時(shí)，用來表示一種驚奇的心情，意思為“居然、竟然”,5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)答1.-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.Ivetoldhimalready.(N1994)A.needntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt2.-CouldIcallyoubythefirstname?-Yes,you_.(1998上海)A.willB.couldC.mayD.might,A,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是“Ivetoldhimalready”，由此可見，你就不必再對(duì)他說了。,在回答“CouldI”這類婉客氣的請(qǐng)求時(shí)，只能回答“Yes,youcan或may”。不能用could或might。,3.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.(N1999)A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont4.-Writetomewhenyougethome.-_.(2001北京春季)A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican,B,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是“Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.”所以我不能在這兒吃飯。,在回答對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求或命令時(shí)，應(yīng)該用“Yes,Iwill.”而不能使用would或should。,6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其它一些用法Iwonderhowhe_thattotheteacher.(1996上海)A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.(N1997)A.hadtoB.wouldC.w