學(xué)習(xí)英語的造句方法

很多同學(xué)在英語寫作時(shí),經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)個(gè)體英語句子不規(guī)范,語法錯(cuò)誤等問題,這些小地方的問題會(huì)導(dǎo)致作文整體的缺陷,從而造成十分。如何寫好英語句子呢,在這里先容8中要領(lǐng),供各人參考。代入法這是進(jìn)行英語寫作時(shí)最經(jīng)常使用的要領(lǐng)。同學(xué)們?cè)谡莆找欢ǖ霓o匯和短語之后,結(jié)合一定的語法知識(shí),按照句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),直接用英語代人相應(yīng)的句式即可。如:他從不承認(rèn)自己的失敗。He never admits his failure.那項(xiàng)角逐吸引了多量觀眾。The match attracted alarge crowd.他把蛋糕分成4塊。He divided the cake into four pieces.還原法即把疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句等還原成基本結(jié)構(gòu)。這是避免寫錯(cuò)句子的一種有效的措施。如:這是開往格拉斯哥的火車嗎?Is this the train for Glasgow?還原為陳述句his is the train for Glasgow.他是因?yàn)閻畚业腻X才同我結(jié)了婚。It was because he loved my money that he married me.還原為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Because he loved my money,he married me.光速很快,我們幾乎沒法想像它的速度。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.還原為正常語序ight travels so fast that we can hardly imagine its speed.分解法就是把一個(gè)句子分成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的句子。這樣既能把意思表達(dá)得更明了,又能減少寫錯(cuò)句子的幾率。如:我們要干就要干好。If we do athing,we should do it well.從各地來的學(xué)生中有許多是北方人。There are students here from all over thecountry.Many of them are from the North.合并法就是把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句用一個(gè)復(fù)合句或較復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)出來。這種要領(lǐng)最能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的英語表達(dá)能力,同時(shí)也最能提高文章的可讀性。如:我們迷路了,這使我們的野營(yíng)旅行釀成了一次冒險(xiǎn)。Our camping trip turned into an adventure when we got lost.天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴了,這是我們沒有想到的。The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we couldexpect.狼是高度群體化的動(dòng)物,它們的成功依賴于合作。Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon their coopera-tion.刪減法就是在寫英語句子時(shí),把相應(yīng)漢語句子里的某些詞、短語或重復(fù)的成分刪掉或省略。如:這部打字機(jī)真是價(jià)廉物美。This typewriter is very cheap and fine indeed.注:漢語表達(dá)中的價(jià)和物在英語中均無需譯出。個(gè)子不高不是人生中的嚴(yán)重缺陷。Not being tall is not aserious disadvantage in life,注:漢語說個(gè)子不高,其實(shí)就是不高。也就是說,其中的個(gè)子在英語中無需譯出。移位法由于英語和漢語在表達(dá)習(xí)慣上存在差異,根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。如:他發(fā)現(xiàn)賺點(diǎn)外財(cái)很容易。He found it easy to earn extra money.注:it在此為形式賓語,真正的賓語是句末的不定式to earn extra money.告訴我這事的人不肯告訴我他的名字。The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.注:who told me this為修飾the man的定語從句,應(yīng)置于其后。直到我遇到你以后,我才真正體會(huì)到福祉。It was not until Imet you that Iknew real happiness.注:notuntil為英語中的固定句式,其意為直到才。分析法指根據(jù)要暗示的漢語意思,通過進(jìn)行語法分析和句式判斷,然后寫出準(zhǔn)確地道的英語句子。如:從這個(gè)角度看,問題并不像人們一般料想的那樣嚴(yán)重。Seen in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.注:分詞短語作狀語時(shí),其思維規(guī)律主語應(yīng)與句子主語一致,由于the matter與sec之間為不主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故see要用已往分詞scen.我沒有見過他,所以說不出他的模樣。Not having met him,I cannot tell you what he is like.注:如果分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前,且與思維規(guī)律主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,則用此刻分詞的完成式。意譯法有的同學(xué)在寫句子時(shí),一遇見生詞或不認(rèn)識(shí)的表達(dá),就以為是彈盡糧絕了。其實(shí),此時(shí)我們可以設(shè)法繞開難點(diǎn),在保持原意的基礎(chǔ)上,用不同的表達(dá)方式寫出來。如:湯姆一直在擾亂別的孩子,我就把他攆了出去。Tom was upsetting the otherchildren,so Ishowed him the door.有志者事竟成。Where there is awill,there is away.你可以同我們一路去或是呆在家中,悉聽尊便。You