介詞用法歸納

介詞的用法與練習(xí)I. 介詞的種類 1.簡(jiǎn)單介詞，常用的有at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without, to, by, with, of, over, behind, up, after, against 等。 2. 復(fù)合介詞，如 on to ,alongwith,becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。 3. 介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系 (1)和動(dòng)詞的搭配，如agreewith,askfor,belongto,keepawayfrom,careabout等。 (2)和形容詞的搭配，如afraidof,angrywith,differentfrom,goodat (3)和名詞的搭配，如answerto,keyto,reasonfor,a visitto等. *介詞后常跟人稱代詞的賓格和動(dòng)詞的ing形式。II. 某些介詞的意義與用法區(qū)別1. at,on,in(表時(shí)間) : at表示時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)；in表示一個(gè)時(shí)期；on表示特殊日子 A. at后常接幾點(diǎn)幾分，天明，中午，日出，日落，開(kāi)始等。如： atfiveoclock, atdown,atnoon, atmidnight,atthattime/moment，atthistimeofday B.in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季節(jié)，世紀(jì)等。如： in2006, inMay，2004，inthemorning，intheafternoon，intheevening， inthe21stcentury，inthreedays，inaweek，inspring。 * C.on后跟某日，星期幾，某日的朝夕，節(jié)日等,即具體某一天極其早中、晚.onSunday，onawarmmorninginApril，onaDecembernight，onChristmasafternoon，onOctober1，1949，onNew Years Day.*(特別提示): 在last, next, this, that, some, every 等詞之前一律不用介詞2. between,among(表位置) “在.之間” A. between僅用于二者之間，如 ImsittingbetweenTomandAlice. B. among用于三者或三者以上之間。如： Heisthebestamongthestudents. 3. beside,besides, except beside意為在旁邊， Hesatbesideme.besides意為除之外, 包括在內(nèi)。Whatdoyouwantbesidesthis? except意為除之外, 不包括在內(nèi) They go to work in a week except Saturday.4. inthetree,onthetree inthetree,指動(dòng)物或人等外來(lái)的東西在樹(shù)上，onthetree,指果實(shí)或葉子等樹(shù)本身長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的東西5. ontheway, bytheway,inthisway ontheway指在路上, on ones way to .bytheway指順便問(wèn)一句inthisway用這樣的方法 , in that way , in other way, in these ways6. across, through, 和past“通過(guò), 經(jīng)過(guò)” across從表面經(jīng)過(guò), 如,road, bridge, river through從內(nèi)部空間經(jīng)過(guò), 如: city, woods, forests, window, gate past , 從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò).EX: Fill in the blanks with past ,across or through. 1. We have to walk _the gate to go into the factory. 2. When we went _the cinema,we saw a traffic accident. 3. Look out _the window, please. 4. Dont walk_the ice. Its dangerous. 5. Suddenly, a young man ran _me. 6. If you walk _the square, you will see the Sunflower Hotel. 7. The river goes _the city. 8. The old man can swim _the stream. 9. I walked _him without saying hello. 10. The army moved _the forests quietly.7. for , since, A. since僅說(shuō)明什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，, 后常跟一個(gè)具體的過(guò)去的時(shí)間.B. for 表示某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)多久, 后常跟一段時(shí)間。 He has studied the piano for 5 years. They have lived here since 1978.EX: Fill in the blanks with for or since.1. The little boy has been waiting _ two hours outside.2. He has taught here_ he graduated from the college.3. The man has worked in the company _ twenty years ago.4. Have you lived in China _ many years?5. Her grandma has been ill _a few months.8. in, after “以后”A. “in +段時(shí)間”表示將來(lái)的一段時(shí)間以后, 用在將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)中., ?；卮餳ow soon的提問(wèn).B. “after+段時(shí)間”表示過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間以后, 相當(dāng)于 一段時(shí)間+ laterMy mother will come back in three or four days.He arrived after fifty minutes. = He arrived fifty minutes later. EX: Fill in the blanks with in or after.1. They will leave for Guangzhou _ two hours.2. My father said that he would come back _ a week.3. _ three hous , they arrived at a small village.4. Will you be able to finish the task _ half an hour?5. Mr. Wang finally mastered how to work the machine _ ten days.9. by, with, in , on 表示方式, 手段,工具， A. by 以方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具, 或跟V-ing形式. B. with 表示用 工具, C. in 表示用方式，用語(yǔ)言(語(yǔ)調(diào)、顏色)等 D. on 表示通過(guò)媒介, on the telephone, on the radio, on TV Eg: He learned Japanese by listening to the radio. We Chinese have meals with chopsticks. The novel is written in English. Ex: Fill in the blanks with by, with or in,on 1. I sent the message to him _email. 2. The pupils write _pencils. 3. Do you know the meaning of word _Chinese ? 4. The man climbed up to the tree _a ladder. 5. They solved the problem _ communicating. 6. The woman was crying _a low voice. 7. The old man often gets news _the radio. 8. We often cut things _a knife. 9. He improved his writing skill _keeping diaries. 10. My grandpa can sing some songs _Russian. 10 . 放在地點(diǎn)之前的介詞:at, in, on A. at(1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁邊” eg: at the door, at the table,B. in(1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范圍之內(nèi)”。C. on表示毗鄰，接壤D. to 表示在范圍外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤III. 介詞的其他一些用法.1. against, 靠著, 反對(duì)， 違背, 對(duì)抗. He was against the laws. 2. as, 作為. English is used as a mother language.3. at, 在旁邊, The boy is sitting at the door.4. but, 除了. He has nothing but money.5. for., 為., 因?yàn)?, 至于. He failed the exam for his carelessness.6. like, 象, 如同. He looks like my best friend.7. till, until, 直到, 在以前. We didnt go home till five yesterday. 8. with , 有，帶著 。 Id like some coffee with sugar.9. by, 在.附近 They live by a river.10. 短語(yǔ)介詞: thanks to, because of, in spite of, instead of, pass on to, with the help of一. 選擇最佳答案(表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的介詞).1. The plane arrived at London airport _ Wednesday.A. on B. at C. in D. for2. What do you usually do _ Christmas?A. on B. at C. in D. for3. Mrs Brown worded in the west of Australia _ last summer?A. / B. on C. in D. since4. The first class begins _ 8 oclock _ the morning.A. at/on B. at/in C. on /in D. on/on5. _the past two months he has been busy with his school work.A. For B. On C. Since D. At6. _last Saturday, we had had two football matches with Class Two.A. For B. / C. By D. During7. We will be in Nanjing _ Tuesday _Thursday.A. on/ through B. on/to C. from/to D. on./till8. Mr Black will visit our new school building _ two days.A. before B. after C. at D. in 9. _ the end of last spring Wang Hai joined the army _ the end.A. At/at B. By/in C. In /at D. At /in10. We will have a football match _ this Saturday afternoon.A. on B. / C. in D. for11. He came to see you _ the evening of May 10th.A. in B. at C. on D. for12. Im afraid I gave you a lot of trouble _ my stay here.A. in B. for C. during D. on13. The singing group will have two performances _ October.A. after B. since C. / D. for14. The supermarket is open _ midnight.A. at B. on C. till D. /15. She didnt go to work _ that morning. She slept _ noon.A. /till B. ontill C. atat D. /at16. He was ill _ a week, and _ the week he ate almost nothing .A. for/at B. for/during C. during/during D. for/for17. Days are longer _ summer than _ winter.A. in/in B. in/on C. from/to D. to/in 18. Children get presents _ Christmas and _ their birthday. Granny is coming for lunch_ Christmas day.A. at/on/on B. on/on/on C. at/in/at D. in/on/in19._ New Years eve people usually dont go to bed until midnight. A. At B. On C. For D. In20. Tom and Paul usually watch TV _ weekends.A. at B. in C. for D. /21. Every day the old man takes these children home _ school.A. at B. to C. from D. after22. Could you come to my office _ the day after tomorrow.A./ B. on C. in D. at23. We had built three bridges over the river _ the end of 1994.A. at B. on C. for D. by24. Life will be better _ the 21st century.A. at B. on C. for D. in25. Do you often work late _ night.A. at B. in C. for D. during 二. 選擇最佳答案(表示地點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞).1. I had a new card, and I didnt write _.A. on it B. it C. in it D. above it2. There is a bridge _ the river.A. under B. over C. on D. next3. He said that he would meet us _ the cinema.A. in B. at C. on D. in 4. There is a book store_ the street corner.A. at B. in C. on D. by5. From the top of the teaching building we saw the lake _ us.A. under B. over C. below D. above6. There are many beautiful birds _ the tree.A. on B. at C. in D. besides7. It was written _ page 20.A. at B. in C. on D. above8. My house is _ the two buildings, so we get little sunshine during the day.A. between B. among C. in D. at9. Lucy is waiting _ No.3 bus stop _ her father.A. for/for B. for/at C. at/for D. at/at10. Dont talk so loud _ table.A. by B. on C. at D. beside11. Is there anything interesting _ todays newspaper?A. in B. on C. at D. /12. Cars and buses travel _ the road to the town.A. on B. along C. in D. by13. Can you tell me who spoke _ the meeting ?A. at B. along C. in D. for14. My uncle lives _ 208 Smith Street.A. at B. on C. to D. with15. At last we reaches the village _ the hill.A. at the foot of B. at foot C. on foot of D. in the foot from16. Shanghai is _ the east of China and Japan is _the east of China.A. to/to B. to /in C. in /to D. in /in17. _ the end of the street you can find the post office.A. By B. At C. On D. In 18. Do you often listen _the programmes _ the radio.A. to/of B. to /in C. to/on D. on /to19. Please wait _the office . Dont come in until you are called.A. in B. into C. inside D. outside20. Are you going to leave Guangzhou _ Beijing?A. for B. to C. from D. in21. The whale has a nose _ the top of its head.A. at B. above C. over D. on22. You must go _ the bridge and then you will see the bank _ the left.A. over/on B. to /by C. to/on D. over/at23. There is a hole _ the wall.A. in B. at C. for D. towards24. Can you tell me the way _ Shanghai Zoo?A. to B. at C. for D. towards25. Bill kicked the ball too hard , and it went _ the street _ one of Mr. Smiths windows.A. across/on B. through./on C. across/through D. to / through三. 選擇最佳答案(注意與一些動(dòng)詞搭配使用的介詞)1. Thank you _ your coming.A. to B. of C. by D. for2. He spent a long time _ the maths problem.A. in B. on C. for D. at 3. Mr Li is going to help him _ his Chinese this afternoon.A. with B. on C. by D. at4. How much did you pay _ this book?A. for B. at C. on D. with 5. Please translate the sentence _ English.A. into B. to C. at D. for6. The price of the computer has been reduced_ 5%.A. off B. to C. by D. about7. Please fill the bottle_ tea.A. by B. with C. for D. in8. The machines cut big pieces of metal _small pieces.A. in B. by C. to D. into 9. Billy works hard at school and his teachers often praise him_ his hard work.A. with B. at C. on D. for10. You must apologize _ her for your rudeness.A. to B. at C. on D. with11.I got angry and I threw a stone _him. A. to B. towards C. at D. for12. You can borrow the book _ your school library.A. from B. to C. for D. at13. I prefer coffee_ tea.A. over B. to C. for D. than14. Would you show me _ your factory?A. to B. in C. at D. round15. Dont catch me _ the arm. I have nothing to do _the matter.A. by/with B. on/with C. by/on D. on/on16. Help yourself_ some fish. It tastes very nice.A. with B. on C. in D. to17. Bill must deliver the newspapers_ peoples houses_ all kinds of weather.A. to/in B. at/in C. for/for D. to/for18. They havent decided_ the date for the next meeting.A. for B. by C. in D. on19. Let me introduce her _ you. A. with B. on C. to D. for 20. Li Ling fell _ his bicycle this morning A. on B. down C. off D. to21. I shouted_ her, but shi didnt hear me.A. to B. at C. on D. for22. Tom has made friends_ many Chinese students.A. with B. to C. by D. among23. After school, I often learn singing and dancing _ hobbies.A. / B. on C. in D. for24. LI Ming fell ill this morning, so he asked _ leave.A. from B. for C. on D. in 25. I saw the man hit the boy _ the face.A. in B. on C. toward D. by四. 選擇最佳答案(注意介詞的習(xí)慣用法)1. Mr Li, shall I write _ ink? A. by B. of C. in D. with2. Can you find out the answer_ these questions?A. of B. for C. to D. with3. _ his help, I passed the English test yesterday.A. Under B. Of C. With D. by4. Dont forget to bring your text book _ you.A. in B after C. with D. to5. The people are waiting _ the bus, and they ate standing _ line.A. for/on B. for/in C. at /on D. at/in6. Can you sing this song _ English?A. with B. in C. by D. for7. Who is the boy _ blue trousers?A. in B. on C. with D. at8. He decided to get some medicine_ his cold.A. to B. of C. on D. for9. The babys sleeping. Dont speak_ such a loud voice.A. with B. in C. on D. at10. The old woman over there is bl