2010年高考英語四川卷(完整試題+答案+解析)

絕密啟用前2010年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(四川卷)英語試卷【名師點評】2010年高考英語四川卷試題結(jié)構(gòu)保持不變。緊扣 “大綱”、“說明”，體現(xiàn)了 “有利于高校選拔人才，有利于高中英語教學”的基本原則。完形填空、閱讀、短文改錯，均能夠牢牢抓住語篇及應用這個中心。語法和詞匯知識部分知識點考查較全面；完形填空材料難度適中，題目設置層次分明，具有較強的區(qū)分度。閱讀理解文章本身的難度和答題設計的層次真正起到了考查考生語言能力、拉大考生距離的選拔功能。對話選擇部分選材大眾化，選項的設置也有較好的區(qū)分度。短文改錯的材料難度和錯誤的設置難度與往年基本持平。寫作命題切合學生實際，寫作要求明確，但在一定程度上限制了學生的自由發(fā)揮。本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分，第卷1頁至11頁，第卷12頁至14頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第卷（選擇題，共100分）注意事項：1.答第卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考試科目涂寫在答題卡上。2.165小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分 英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié) 語法和詞匯知識（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。1. Heres your change. A. Thank you. B. Dont mention it. C. No problem D. With pleasure.答案：A解析：考查日常用語。句意為：“這是找你的零錢?！薄爸x謝”。A符合語境。B用于回答道謝或道謙；C、D用于回答求助。2. In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life. A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a答案：D解析：考查冠詞。 most countries此處表泛指，most前不加定冠詞the.第二個空處應為“一個高起點的開始”，故用a ,正確答案為D。3. I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need答案：B解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。表請求可用情態(tài)動詞can, may, could,might,表允許用can, may.句意為：“我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？”“恐怕不行”。故應選表情請求的情態(tài)動詞may。正確答案為B。4. A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning答案：C解析：考查非謂語動詞作定語。question與students 存在被動關(guān)系，question表示的動作也已完成，故用過去分詞。5. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree.A. in B. below C. beside D. against答案：D解析：考查介詞，句意為：“累了，吉姆背倚著樹，很快就睡著了?！盿gainst此處意為：“倚著，靠著”；below“在下方”；beside“在旁邊”；in“在里面或（時間）之后”。6. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what nice. A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes答案：解析：考查系動詞辨析。與上句中的eat with their eyes相對，后句應該為點看起來很好吃的東西。故正確答案為A。7. On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. A. him B. his C. me D. mine答案：C解析：考查代詞。take a photo of sb意為給某人照相，此處應用人稱代詞的賓格。正確答案為C。8Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man and left Atook up Bgot up Cshut up Dset up答案：B解析：考查動詞詞組。get up意為“起床，起立”。句意為“Jenny正在找一個座位，正在那時，很幸運地，一個人站起來離開了?！惫蔬xB。1意為“從事，占據(jù)時間或空間”；C意為“閉嘴”；D意為“建造，搭起”。9We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think答案：D解析：考查倒裝。seldom為否定副詞放句首，用部分倒裝，故選D。句意為“我們因笑話而笑，但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們笑?！?0After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere答案：B解析：考查定語從句。此處應為which引導的非限制性定語從句，which代替前邊整個句子。句意為：“大學畢業(yè)后，我們休假一段時間去旅游，這結(jié)果證明是一個明智的決定?！?1In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with答案：A解析：考查不定式主動表被動。在某些形容詞后經(jīng)常用不定式的主動形式表被動，此時，不定式動作和句子的主語存在動賓關(guān)系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.12The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too Asmall Bfew C1arge Dmany答案：C解析：考查形容詞的用法。the number of 意為“的數(shù)量”，其后的形容詞應為大小，不用多少。又據(jù)句意學校被移出了市中心，應該是學生的數(shù)量變得太大了，故選C。13一Im sorryThat wasnt of much help 一Oh， As a matter of fact，it was most helpful Asure it was Bit doesnt matter Cof course not Dthanks anyway答案：A解析：考查日常用語。后句中的As a matter of fact, it was most helpful,可知是對前句表意的否定，所以A項合適。句意為：“對不起，那幫助不太大。當然不是了，實際上，它很有用?！?4How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy答案：B解析：考查介詞后的賓語從句。根據(jù)句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知應是和誰去，故選B。句意為“一個人旅游多么享受很大程度上取決于他和誰去，無論是他的朋友還是親戚?！?5Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：are答案：A解析：考查主謂一致。主句中的主語應為poets,謂語動詞用復數(shù)，其后的非限制性定語從句的主語應為some of whose works，謂語動詞也應是復數(shù)。故選A。16一When shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave finished答案：D解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。在狀語從句中，經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時，用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時。此處為until引導的時間狀語從句，故用現(xiàn)在完成時，選D。意為“直到我們完成我們的計劃，我們才重新開始我們的生意?！?7The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try答案：B解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語及動詞不定式的否定式。句中l(wèi)isten和try not to miss為同時進行的動作，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式做伴隨狀語。又動詞不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故選B。18Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected答案：D解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句中you與expect存在被動關(guān)系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示應是過去你被期盼做的事，故應為過去時，正確答案為D。19If you have a job， yourself to it and finally youll succeed Ado devote Bdont devote Cdevoting Dnot devoting答案：A解析：考查謂語動詞的強調(diào)及“祈使句+and+將來時句子”的固定搭配。此處應是祈使句，又有謂語動詞的強調(diào)要借助助動詞do，故選A。句意為：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功?！?0Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil答案：C解析：考查狀語從句。句意為：“因為交通阻塞，當她到達辦公室時已經(jīng)是午休的時間了?！?，故此處應為when引導的時間狀語從句，故正確答案為C。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題l 5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Recently，I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting. As we were about to arrive，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight 2l before setting down. High desert winds had 22 the airport to close all but one runway. He said that we would be 23 the city for a few minutes waiting to 24 . We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened 25 there might be a few bumps(顛簸)We11，that few minutes turned into about fourfive minutes，including a ride that would make a roller coaster(過山車) 26 by comparison.The movement was so fierce that several passengers felt 27 and had to use airsickness bags. As you might guess，thats not good thing to have happen in a(n) 28 space because it only 29 to increase the discomfort of the situation. About twenty minutes into the adventure，the entire airplane became very 30 .There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be 31 noticedEvery passenger simply held on for dear life except one. A 32 was having a good time! With each bump of the33!he would let out a giggle(咯咯的笑)of delight As I observed this，I 34 that he didnt know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his 35 He neither thought about the past nor about the future Those are what we grownups have learned from 36 .He was 37 the ride because had not yet been taught to fear it. Having understood this，I took a deep breath and 38 back into my seat，pretending I was 39 on a roller coaster. I smiled for the rest of the flight. I even 40 to giggle once or twice ,much to the chagrin(隨惱)of the man sitting next to me holding the airsickness bag.21. A. mistake B. delay C. change D. wind 22. A. forced B. warned C. swept D. reminded23. A. watching B. visiting C. circling D. crossing24. A. arrive B. enter C. stop D. land25. A. if B. though C. because D. while26. A. light B. pale C. easy D. quick27. A. sick B. nervous C. angry D. afraid28. A. empty B. narrow C. secret D. open29. A. happens B. continues C. fails D. serves 30. A. quiet B. hot C. dirty D. crowded31. A. partly B. gradually C. shortly D. clearly32. A. pilot B. baby C. guard D. man33. A. seats B. passengers C. flight D. airplane34. A. realized B. hoped C. agreed D. insisted35. A. health B. safety C. joy D. future36. A. teachers B. books C. experience D. practice37. A. learning B. taking C. missing D. enjoying38. A. sat B. lay C. went D. rode39. A. nearly B. finally C. really D. suddenly40. A. attempted B. managed C. wanted D. decided語篇解讀：本文記述了作者一次因開會去拉斯維加斯時，飛機因沙塵暴而延時降落，在不斷延長的等待中，成人焦急、害怕，唯獨不知恐懼的嬰兒在享受著過山車一樣的顛簸。作者也深受啟發(fā)，體驗了一次孩子的享受。21. 答案：B解析：根據(jù) “High desert windsto close all but one runway”可知因沙塵暴關(guān)閉所有的跑道，只留一條，故應為延時降落。22. 答案：A解析：因為沙塵暴迫使機場關(guān)閉跑道。 B為“警告”；C意為“打掃，席卷”；D意為“提醒”，均不符合題意23. 答案：C解析：飛機在等待降落的過程中應該是繞城市盤旋。故應選C。 A. watch用于著動態(tài)的場面； B. visit意為“參觀，拜訪”； D. cross意為“橫穿”24. 答案：D解析：根據(jù)上下文句意可知，飛機要繞城市盤旋幾分鐘以便等待著陸25. 答案：C解析：句意為；“我們被告知仍在座位上坐好，系好安全帶，因為飛機可能有顛簸?！贝颂帒獮閎ecause引導的原因狀語從句26. 答案：B解析：makepale by comparison “使相形見絀”，此處用以強調(diào)飛機在空中極不穩(wěn)定27. 答案：A解析：句意為：“象過山車一樣的巨烈運動使旅客惡心而不得不用嘔吐袋。A. sick 意為“惡心的”；B. nervous意為“緊張的”； C. angry 意為“生氣的”；D. afraid意為“害怕的”。28答案B解析：此空前的that指的是using airsickness bags，也就是發(fā)生在飛機上狹小空間中的嘔吐，因此選用narrow“狹窄的”，后面的space指的是飛機內(nèi)部空間。empty 意為“空的”，secret意為“秘密的”，均不合題意。29答案A解析：在這種情形下本來就很難受，在飛機上嘔吐使得這種難受更加強烈，此處serve意為“起作用，用作”。30. 答案：A解析：根據(jù)后面的 a sense of anxiety and fear可知，人們都很緊張、焦慮，在這種情形下飛機上的人一定是靜悄悄的。31. 答案：D解析：飛機上的焦躁不安，應該是能夠很明顯的被感覺到，故選clearly32. 答案：B解析：從后文中的 “he didnt know he was supposed to be afraid and worriedThose are what we grownups have learned ”他不知道害怕和著急，那是我們成年人，可推測出應該是孩子33. 答案：D解析：應是飛機的每一次顛簸讓孩子體驗坐過山車一樣的感受，孩子發(fā)出咯咯的笑聲34. 答案：A解析：句意為我意識到孩子不知道他應該害怕和擔心35. 答案：B解析：應是為他的安全擔心36. 答案：C解析：成人都是從孩子時代過來的。是成人的親身經(jīng)歷讓他們知道孩子不知道什么是害怕和擔心37. 答案：D解析：因為孩子不知道害怕，自然是在飛機的顛簸中享受坐過山車般的快樂38. 答案：A解析：sat back into my seat意為坐回到座位上39. 答案：C解析：句意應為：“我坐回到我的座位上，假裝真地坐上了過山車?！盇項意為“幾乎”；B項意為“最后”，D項意為“突然”，均不合題意。40答案B解析：我甚至咯咯地笑了一兩次。作者應該是真的笑出了聲，才讓鄰座的手拿嘔吐袋的人懊惱。做成了某事用managed to do.第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分) 第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)AI grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (觀點) by creating worlds we could step into, take part. in. and live in. With this unshakable belief, I, at. fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works, what doesnt and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has. Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文學作品)As a. law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matterthe volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.41. What can be inferred about the author as a child?A. He never watched TV.B. He read what he had to.C. He found reading unbelievable.D. He considered reading part of his life. 42. The underlined word voice in the second paragraph most probably means “ ”.A. an idea B. a sound qualityC. a way of writingD. a world to write about 43. What effect does reading have on the author?A. It helps him to realize his dream.B. It opens up a wider world for him.C. It makes his college life more interesting.D. It increases his interest in worldwide travel.44. Which of the following can be the best title of this text?A. Why do I read? B. How do I read? C. What do I read? D. When do I read?語篇解讀：本篇文章是記敘文。作者通過自己的親身體驗，講述讀書使人形成自己的獨立觀點，讀書使人開擴視野的重要作用。41. 答案：D考點：細節(jié)理解題解析：根據(jù)首段第一二句， “I grew up in a house with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves.I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing”可知作者是在一個以書為伴的環(huán)境中長大的，讀書像呼吸那樣已經(jīng)成為生活必需。42. 答案：C考點：詞義推測題。解析：根據(jù)文中 “.but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own ”可以推斷出voice所表達的意思是“寫作方式”。43. 答案B考點：細節(jié)理解題解析：由文章的最后一句：“It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.”可得出答案44. 答案：A考點：主旨大意題。解析：文章作者主要以自己的親身體驗講述讀書的重要性。因此Why do I read?“我為什么讀書？”作題目最佳。B Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the citys poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs. Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers. ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (環(huán)境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.Michael. Bloomberg, New Yorks mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York Citys greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing. So he recently announced that the citys Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the citys supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECPs green standards.Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New Yorks DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.45. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people. B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.46. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards? A. Lower running costs.B. Costing less in construction. C. Less air to be lost in hot days.D. Better prices for homeless people.47. It can be learned from the text that, A. New York City is seriously pollutedB. peoples daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York CityC. a great number of people in New York City dont have houses to live inD. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City48. What is the main purpose of this text?A. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.B. To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.語篇解讀：本篇文章為科技說明文。作者以Fox Point居住群的boiler rooms為切入點，闡述此類房子的環(huán)保節(jié)能的優(yōu)點，以及各城市特別是紐約隊建造此類建筑的積極響應。45. 答案：C考點：作者的寫作意圖解析：從第一段最后兩句，作者描述開水房僅是從一個側(cè)面展示整個建筑群的節(jié)能，環(huán)保，可以得出答案。46. 答案：A考點：細節(jié)理解解析：依據(jù)文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句：Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.可得到答案。句意為“達到這一標準會將建筑成本提高2%，但很快會被它的低成本運行成本補回”47. 答案：B考點：細節(jié)理解解析：依據(jù)文章第四段第二句：Almost 80% of New York Citys greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing.可得出答案48. 答案：D考點：作者的寫作目的解析：本文主要讓讀者了解這類健康、環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟類住房。C Alex London Research Laboratory (ALRL) is part of Alex Co., Ltd., a major Australian medicine-making company. Opened in 1992, ALRL specialises in the development of new medicines for the treatment of heart diseases A position is now open for a Research Operations Manager(ROM) to support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield，due to open in the autumn of 2010 Reporting to the Director，you will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services of our new laboratories now under constructionYou will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRLS Health and Safety，and to communicate (溝通)with support employees at ALRLS laboratories based at University College LondonWorking closely with scientists and