2016高考英語北京卷及答案解析

2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英 語本試卷共16頁，共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 聽力 (共三節(jié), 滿分30分)做題時(shí), 先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后, 你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后, 你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例: What is the man going to read？ A. A newspaper B. A magazine C. A book答案是A( )1. What kind of music does the woman like?A. Classical music.B. Rock music.C. Country music.( )2. Which sweater will the man take?A. The red one.B. The blue one.C. The yellow one.( )3. How will the man pay?A. In cash.B. By credit card.C. By travelers cheque.( )4. Where are the womans keys?A. In her pocket.B. On the floor.C. On the table.( )5. What will the man probably do tonight?A. Read Chapter 4.B. Study in the library.C. Watch the football match.第二節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分） 聽下面4段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前, 你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題, 每小題5秒鐘; 聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。( )6. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Travel agent and customer.B. Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretary.( )7. When will the meetings end?A. At 3:00 pm.B. At 5:00 pm.C. At 6:30 pm.聽第7段材料, 回答第8至9題。( )8. Where is the foreign language section?A. In Row 3.B. In Row 5.C. In Row 7.( )9. What does the man decide to borrow?A. Novels.B. Biographies.C. Magazines.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。( )10. Why dose the man make the call?A. To ask for information.B. To make an appointment.C. To send out an invitation.( )11. What sport is the man interested in?A. Football.B. Basketball.C. Swimming.( )12. On what days is the sports center closed?A. Mondays.B. Fridays.C. Sundays.聽第9段材料, 回答第13至15題。( )13. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. Rules of the school.B. Course requirements.C. Notices of the new term.( )14. Which club will meet on Wednesdays?A. Baseball.B. Dance.C. Chess.( )15. When will the parents evening for Year 8 be held?A. In September.B. In October.C. In November.第三節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分7.5分） 聽下面一段對(duì)話, 完成第16至第20五道小題, 每小題僅填寫一個(gè)詞。聽對(duì)話前, 你將有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀試題, 聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。這段對(duì)話你將聽兩遍。Cell Phone Repair FormCustomers NameThomas 16._Telephone No.17._Time of Purchase18._1st, 2015ProblemScreen went 19._Solution (解決方案)20._ it up and check the inside第二部分 知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié), 45分)第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空 (共15小題; 每小題1分, 共15分） 從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not答案是 D。( )21. _ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch( )22.-Did you enjoy the party? -Yes. We _ well by our hosts.A. were treatedB. would be treatedC. treatedD. had treated( )23. The park was full of people _ themselves in the sunshine.A. having enjoyedB. enjoyedC. enjoyingD. to enjoy( )24. Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.A. whichB. that C. whenD. where( )25. He is a shy man, _ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A. soB. butC. orD. as( )26. In the last few years, China _ great achievements in environmental protection.A. has madeB. had madeC. was makingD. is making( )27.-Did you have difficulty finding Anns house? -Not really. She _ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.A. was to giveB. had givenC. was givingD. would give( )28. You wont find paper cutting difficult _ you keep practicing it.A. even thoughB. as long asC. as ifD. ever since( )29.-Cant you stay a little longer? -Its getting late. I really _ go now. My daughter is home alone.A. mayB. canC. must D. dare( )30.-Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. -All right. I _ him later.A. will callB. have calledC. callD. will be calling( )31. If _ for the job, youll be informed soon.A. to acceptB. acceptC. acceptingD. accepted( )32. _ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A. UntilB. UnlessC. OnceD. Although( )33. I truly believe _ beauty comes from within.A. thatB. whereC. what D. why( )34. If I _ it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it.A. didnt seeB. werent seeingC. wouldnt seeD. hadn t seen( )35. _ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. WhereB. HowC. WhyD. When第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文, 掌握其大意, 從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Darios mother asked the building superintendent(管理員) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead?” Dario asked.They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩帶) and party lights.Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you dont think I disliked the playing.”Darios mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didnt 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 53 music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Darios mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”“And we wont play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mothers face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.( )36. A. satB. stoodC. layD. walked( )37. A. voiceB. ringC. musicD. cry( )38. A. thereforeB. howeverC. otherwiseD. instead( )39. A. noteB. poster C. billD. report( )40. A. proudB. richC. luckyD. nice( )41. A. neighborsB. friendsC. relativesD. audience( )42. A. blameB. instructC. questionD. visit( )43. A. partyB. concertC. showD. play( )44. A. experienceB. ideaC. performanceD. action( )45. A. toB. withC. forD. from( )46. A. continuedB. arrivedC. passedD. finished( )47. A. orderB. sellC. shareD. advertise( )48. A. treatedB. presentedC. helpedD. served( )49. A. promisedB. admittedC. agreedD. worried( )50. A. giveB. sendC. offerD. owe( )51. A. realizeB. rememberC. understandD. accept( )52. A. sweetB. strangeC. funnyD. loud( )53. A. braveB. sorryC. happyD. afraid( )54. A. changingB. practicingC. recordingD. writing( )55. A. equalityB. freedomC. warmthD. sympathy第三部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)第一節(jié) (共15小題; 每小題2分, 滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 將正確的選項(xiàng)涂在答題卡上。AThe Boy Made It!One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didnt, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could-he huddled(蜷縮) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls survival show Man vs. Wild. Thats where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode(一期節(jié)目) of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.( )56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?A. He got lost.B. He broke his skis.C. He hurt his eyes.D. He caught a cold.( )57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A. He found a shelter.C. He kept on skiing.B. He lighted some branches.D. He built a snow cave.( )58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _.A. returned to his shelter safelyC. got stuck in the snowB. was saved by a searcherD. stayed where he was( )59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _.A. did the right things in the dangerous situation.B. watched Grylls TV program regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. was very hard-workingBRevolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now its better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(靜音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment-maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outsidenoise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. Thats why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(聽覺學(xué)家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.Doctor Recommended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”-Robert Forbes, M. D, CACustomer Recommended TV Ears!“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”-Darlene & Jack B, CARisk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial. Special Offer-Now $59.95. If youre not satisfied, return it. Money-back guarantee! Call now! 800-123-7832( )60. TV Ears helps you _.A. improve your sleeping qualityC. change TV channels without difficultyB. listen to TV without disturbing othersD. become interested in ballgame programs( )61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?A. It can easily set TV on mute.C. It has a new noise reduction ear tip.B. Its headset volume is adjustable.D. It applies special wireless technology.( )62. This advertisement is made more believable by _.A. using recommendationsC. providing statisticsB. offering reasons for this inventionD. showing the results of experimentsCLife in the ClearTransparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet-as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnson, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless theyre eating it, or unless something is eating them.”And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? Its trickier than you might think.The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.But a transparent object doesnt absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesnt look very different from the surrounding air or water. You dont see it-you see the things behind it.To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesnt have pigments, so its tissues wont absorb light. According to Johnson, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.Animals are built of many different materials-skin, fat, and more-and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果凍狀的) material and spread themselves over it.Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how theyre doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.( )63. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals _.A. stay in groupsC. appear only in deep oceanB. can be easily damagedD. are beautiful creatures( )64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means _.A. silentlyB. graduallyC. regularlyD. completely( )65. One way for an animal to become transparent is to _.A. change the direction of light travelC. avoid the absorption of lightB. gather materials to scatter lightD. grow bigger to stop light( )66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals _.A. move more slowly in deep waterB. stay see-through even after deathC. produce more tissues for their survivalD. take effective action to reduce light spreadingDTechnological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys(調(diào)查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that todays parents are trying to manage their childrens lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context(背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents involvement with their grown childr