狀語從句主謂成分的省略.doc

.狀語從句主謂成分的省略狀語從句主謂成分的省略是英語語言在使用過程中出現(xiàn)的一種較普遍的語法現(xiàn)象，它能使語言言簡(jiǎn)意賅。Though understanding no Chinese, the American girl was able to communicate with the other students in her class.When asking the teacher, he was very polite.Until finished, the problem was a continuous worry to me.Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is) possible.一、狀語從句主謂成分的省略，須遵循下面原則：（一）當(dāng)從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，從句可以省略主語，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞采用其V-ing結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Although working very hard, he failed in the final exam. (Although he worked very hard,)After taking the medicine, she felt much better. (After she took the medicine,)If going there by air, well have to pay twice the fare. (If we go there by air,)（二）當(dāng)從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí)，若從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞be或包含be的某種形式，此時(shí)從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞通?？梢砸煌÷?。常見于以下幾種形式:1、連詞+形容詞Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。She hurried out of the room, as if (she was) angry.2、連詞+名詞While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提時(shí)代就樂于助人。He could write poems when (he was) yet a child.3、連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞While (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 這男孩很不耐心地在操場(chǎng)上到處跑著仿佛在找什么東西。4連詞+過去分詞If (it is) well read, the book will give you much to think.Unless (they were) asked to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in Prof. Lis class.5連詞+不定式He stood up as if (he were) to say something.當(dāng)時(shí)他站起來好像要說什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他來負(fù)責(zé),他也解決不了這個(gè)問題。6、連詞+介詞短語She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到處看似乎在找什么東西。He came across the picture while (he was) on a visit to New York.（三）若從句的主語和主句的主語不一致，但和主句的賓語一致時(shí)，從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞亦常可省略。例如：Father advised me not to say anything until (I was) asked.Granny told the children not to talk while (they were) eating.（四）當(dāng)從句的主語是it, 且謂語動(dòng)詞是be或包含be的某種形式時(shí), it和be常可同時(shí)省略。例如:If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的話,他會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情況對(duì)你來說不方便,否則你必須出席這次會(huì)議。二、從狀語從句的類別看，此種省略常見于一下幾種情形（一）時(shí)間狀語從句常用于由when, while, before, after, whenever, till, until, since, once, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小時(shí)，就開始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到達(dá)之后，來個(gè)電報(bào)。While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大學(xué)時(shí)就開始認(rèn)識(shí)他，一個(gè)奇怪但有能力的學(xué)生。Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前，請(qǐng)關(guān)閉所有的燈。Whenever (it is ) possible, you should come and help. 不管什么時(shí)候只要有可能就來幫忙。Dont come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你請(qǐng)你不要進(jìn)來。You should let us know the result as soon as (it is) possible. 你應(yīng)盡快讓我們知道結(jié)果。（二）讓步狀語從句常用于由though, although, even if, even though, while, whetheror等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他真是個(gè)好人，盡管有時(shí)有點(diǎn)無聊。Although (he was) frightened, he managed to ran away.Even if (I am ) invited to, I wont go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀我去，我都不想聽如此壞的報(bào)告。Her opinion, whether (it was) right or wrong, deserved our attention.（三）條件狀語從句常用于由if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 貨物如果準(zhǔn)備好了，請(qǐng)送過來。He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他來，他就來。If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能，朝我家里打電話。Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧.。If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，這會(huì)給我們帶來很多麻煩。He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀請(qǐng),否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你應(yīng)呆在你現(xiàn)在的地方不動(dòng)，除非叫你動(dòng)。（四）方式狀語從句常用于由as if, as though等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他的行為舉止好象是個(gè)傻子。He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important. 他打抽屜仿佛要找一件什么重要的東西。The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. 足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在操場(chǎng)上打著滾似乎他的腿傷得厲害。（五）比較狀語從句常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)。The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多She