ty寫作3-四六級(jí)寫作精華.doc

四 、六級(jí)寫作精華（2003.12）謹(jǐn)以這份簡(jiǎn)潔資料提供給2003年12月四、六級(jí)?？及嗟耐瑢W(xué)，希望它能幫助大家在這次考試中的寫作部分獲得理想的成績(jī)嚴(yán)明( Don )題型分類 (Classification of every essay): 一、第一種題型（對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)選擇題；Essay I）:1、 大多為三點(diǎn)提綱，提綱模式一般為：有一些人；還有人；我的看法或觀點(diǎn)；2、 少數(shù)時(shí)候也會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩點(diǎn)提綱的情況，此時(shí)可以補(bǔ)充成三點(diǎn)提綱來寫作。二、 第二種題型（社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題；Essay II）:1、 應(yīng)該為三點(diǎn)提綱，但是通常以兩點(diǎn)提綱出現(xiàn)的題目居多，所涉及主題為當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)；2、 如果是兩點(diǎn)提綱，則補(bǔ)充成三點(diǎn)提綱寫作。 3、 通常模式為：現(xiàn)象概述細(xì)節(jié)（原因、危害、方式等）自我評(píng)論三、第三種題型（圖標(biāo)題；Report; Essay III）:1、 以圖表作為信息來源的寫作模式2、 通常模式為：描述圖表解釋原因自我評(píng)論四、第四種題型（書信題； Essay IV）: 1、寫書信一、對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)選擇題(Essay I): 典型的對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)選擇題的文章模式：Paragraph I : （1）引出將要評(píng)論的事物或者是觀點(diǎn)； (2) 簡(jiǎn)明扼要的提出人們?cè)谶@個(gè)問題上的兩種不同看法。Paragraph II: (1) 提出一種觀點(diǎn)或優(yōu)點(diǎn)； (2) 本段的支持性分論點(diǎn)； (3) 本段總結(jié)（可以省略）。Paragraph III: (1) 承上啟下的過渡句；(2) 提出另一種觀點(diǎn)或缺點(diǎn)； （3）本段的支持性分論點(diǎn) （4）本段總結(jié)（可以省略）。Paragraph IV: (1) 平衡兩種看法； (2) 給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。Example:Nobody can have failed to notice that have become popular in China in recent years. Wherever you go, you will find people playing them, both in public places and in homes. But we have to ask ourselves whether the craze is beneficial or harmful。The people who approve of say that they help to . In addition,. Last but not least,However, the opponents of point out that can have negative side-effects. Moreover,Weighing up the arguments of both sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate in such a way as to maximize its advantages. At the same time, should be banned. Furthermore, young people should be advised that is bad for their.第一段（引言段）的寫作：1. In recent years, with fast economic growth, have appeared in many families in China. Peoples attitude towards the varies widely. People are divided on the question as to whether . Different people will have /offer different views/perspectives/answers on . 2. With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a . Yet, peoples opinions of vary from person to person. varies greatly/widely. public attitude toward it is quite of the contrary. differs sharply.3. has become a hot popular topic among people recently. Opinions vary from person to person.4. The issue of has been widely argued/debated currently5. There is a public debate/discussion/controversy today about the problem of 6. Ever since early this century, has become an essential part of our modern life. is the driving force behind the swift progress of industry, agriculture , science and technology. Besides, it ensures that we have comfortable and healthy living conditions. Nobody can deny that the development of our civilization depends on 第二段的寫作：1. Most people would agree that there can be no substitute for. They say that . Besides, they assert, 2. There is no doubt that benefit people hugely. 3. Another attraction about is that 4. Moreover, one of the advantages of is that 5. But the most important advantage of is that6But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are advantages to . More importantly, there can be no substitute for .第三段的寫作：1 DespiteIn spite of the advantages, they brings their own disadvantages/problems/negative effects.For all 2Like anything else, they also have their own weakness/limits.3However, they are not without shortcomings/faults.4Yet others speak of the problems have brought. They complain that5However, may also bring with it problems our society had not previously faced.6Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by , the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences.7. This may be so, but it must be pointed out that also has its drawbacks.第四段的寫作：1Unquestionably, the challenge of means we all should consider how we can control them, so that they will not control us.2Whether the private car are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence can bring will not be eliminated.3Anyway/Anyhow/In any case, whether the effect is good or bad is a difficult question to answer, one thing is certain: it has changed and will continue to change the way of our entertainment, our leisure and our life.4. Given the choice between these two methods of , I prefer . This is because I am the sort of person who finds it difficult to concentrate on . 5. , I feel, is the only one in which most people feel comfortable applying all their energies to the all-important task of acquiring 6. There is no doubt in my mind that nowadays is a far better way to than 7In my opinion, the advances made in recently have made obsolete.二、 社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題(Essay II): 文 章 結(jié) 構(gòu) 模 式：Paragraph I: （1）引出要評(píng)論的事物或觀點(diǎn)(general)； （2）提出問題(specific)。Paragraph II: （1）作者對(duì)該現(xiàn)象或問題的基本看法，即文章的論點(diǎn)句； （2）支持性的細(xì)節(jié)分論點(diǎn)； （3）本段總結(jié)（可以省略）。Paragraph III: （1）總結(jié)全文，定下結(jié)論（通常為我的對(duì)策或看法）。Example:My View on Fake CommoditiesLike most people, I welcome the advent of the market economy. Nevertheless, it must be admitted that, along with the benefits of the market economy, have come problems. In my opinion, the biggest problem is the large number of fake and shoddy goods, which are found all over the country and do great harm to society.Fake and shoddy goods are harmful on two levels. Some people think that the quickest way to make profits is by selling poor-quality commodities, and this undermines the nations economy. At the same time, some fake and shoddy goods are bad for peoples health. This makes consumers distrust the sellers and the free market in general.In view of the seriousness of this problem, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out to ban the manufacture and circulation of fake and shoddy goods. At the same time, consumers should be educated to identify sub-standard commodities. With proper laws and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time before fake and shoddy goods become things適 用 句 型：首段引出話題：1. Nowadays, has become a problem we have to face. 如今已經(jīng)成為我們必須面對(duì)的問題。2. Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem . 現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始關(guān)注的問題。3. Recently, the rise in the phenomenon of has drawn/aroused/captured worldwide attention. 最近現(xiàn)在的日益增多已經(jīng)引起了全世界的注意。4. Recently, the issue/problem/question of has been brought into focus/brought to public attention/posed among public attention.最近問題已經(jīng)成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。5. In recently years, many cities/nations/people have been faced/troubled with the serious problem of . 在最近幾年里，很多城市/國(guó)家/人已經(jīng)面臨問題/受到的干擾。6.Nowadays more and more people come to realize/be aware of the importance of . 越來越多的人開始意識(shí)到的重要性。7. It is undeniable/There is no denying the fact that has become the utmost concern among people nowadays. 不可否認(rèn)，已經(jīng)成為人們最關(guān)注的問題。第二段細(xì)節(jié)論證：（分析原因）： convincing given1、Among the most reasons cited by people for, one important offered identified stressed should be emphasized mentioned 在人們所提出的對(duì)最重要/有說服力的原因當(dāng)中，有一點(diǎn)值得強(qiáng)調(diào)。 regard sign of see trend result of2、One may view the increase as a response to think of phenomenon reaction to 這個(gè)趨勢(shì)/增長(zhǎng)/現(xiàn)象應(yīng)當(dāng)被看成是的一種象征/結(jié)果。 increase change mainly results from 3、The failure in largely / success partly arises from due to the fact thatis owing to attributable to several factors 的增長(zhǎng)/改變/失敗/成功的主要/部分原因是這樣的。4、We may blame for, but the causes for the problem criticize roots phenomenon go far deeper. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)在方面批評(píng)，但這個(gè)問題的產(chǎn)生是有更深層次的原因的。三、圖 表 題(Essay III): 文 章 模 式:Paragraph I:（1）描述圖表：趨勢(shì)描寫； （2）描述圖表：必要數(shù)據(jù)支持（細(xì)節(jié)性）。Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和觀點(diǎn)； （2）細(xì)節(jié)性分論點(diǎn)（支持自己觀點(diǎn)）。Paragraph III:（1）預(yù)測(cè)未來和提出解決方法； （2）總結(jié)全文和表達(dá)作者自己觀點(diǎn)。 適 用 句 型：（參見社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題）1. As we can see from the chart/graph/table/diagram, 2. As can be shown in the table ,如圖所示6. B has the largest percentage/proportion of B在方面占有很大的比重。7. account(s) for/ take(s) up 10%. 占有108.On the top of the list is , which accounts for 60%. 占比重最高的是，占60。9. At the bottom is , which accounts for 10%. 占比重最低的是，占10。10. A is ranked/rated first, followed by B at 30% and C at 25%. A占最高比重，緊隨其后的是占30的B和占25的C。11. The number of increased/rose suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/substantially/considerably/sharply/steeply from 1900 to 2000.在1900到2000間，的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。12.There was a sudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/considerable/sharp/steep increase/rise in the number of from 1990 to 2000. 在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。13.The number of increased/rose steadily/gradually/slowly/slightly from 1990 to 2000. 在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長(zhǎng)。14. There was a steady/gradual/slow/slight increase/rise in the number of from1990 to 2000.在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長(zhǎng)。15. 下降：decrease/fall/drop; a decrease/drop/reduction/decline in the number of 16. The situation/figures reached/hit a peak/a high at 60% in . The situation/figures peaked at 60% in . 情況（數(shù)據(jù)）在達(dá)到定點(diǎn)，為60。17The situation/figures bottomed out at 20% in . The situation/figures hit a trough at 20% in .情況（數(shù)據(jù)）在達(dá)到最低點(diǎn)，為20。18. A is twice/three/four times what it was in 1990. A is twice/three/four times the amount in 1990. A is twice/three/four times as much/many as in 1990. 與1990相比，A是原來的2（3、4）倍。19The figure was roughly doubled/tripled/quintupled between 1900 and 2000. 從1990到2000間，數(shù)字大約是原來的2（3，5）倍。四、書 信 題 ( Essay IV ): （一）開 頭 段：1、告知對(duì)方你的身份（假如對(duì)方不認(rèn)識(shí)你）Dear Sir/Mr. Prometheus,I was a student at your college, enrolled in Philosophy Department./ I am a at your / I am a at your college, enrolled in the course. / My name is , I am .2、問候收信人（假如他/她是你的朋友）Dear Prometheus,Hello/Hi. How are you? / I hope everything is fine. / How are things going with you? / How are you getting on in/getting along with? 3、解釋寫信的原因（1）致謝： I deeply appreciate your courtesy and I hope to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises. / I am greatly indebted to you for (the double) you have gone to on my behalf. / Thank you for your letter about studying in Canada./ I am writing to you to express my heartfelt gratitude. / I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for. / I would like to thank you most sincerely for. （2）抱怨：I am writing to complain about the poor service at your dining-room./ I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at / I wish to make a complaint about. / I am writing to draw your attention to. / I am afraid I have got a complaint about. （3） 致歉： I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information regarding the following aspects./ I am writing to you because I am unable to. / I an terribly sorry that. / I would like to express my apologies for not being able to. （4）詢問：I would like to obtain/request/seek/inquire about some information about / I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor. / I would like some detailed information on/about（二） 結(jié) 尾 段：1、發(fā)出請(qǐng)求 （1） Please give this matter your immediate attention. （2）I would very much appreciate it ifas soon as possible. （3）Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.2、提供幫助 （1）I hope these will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more information. （2）will be taking over responsibility for you and if you should need any assistance, she/he will be pleased to help you. 3、再次表示歉意或感激 （1）Thank you for your kind assistance. （2）Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude, now and always. （3）I am sorry that I cannot, and trust that you will understand. （4）In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused.（5）I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.（6）Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. 4、期盼回信 （1）I look forward to your prompt response.（2）Looking forward to a prompt reply.（3）I expect to hear from you very soon. （4）I hope to receive your reply shortly. （5）I am already eagerly awaiting your reply to this first letter.CET Band 4.6： It Pays to Be HonestDirections: Write a composition about 120/150 words based on the following outline:1） 當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象2） 誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)English version:Nowadays, there is a sharp increase of dishonest phenomena. Some students cheat in exams for higher marks; some corporations issue fake messages in irresponsible advertisements in order to gain profit; and for the same purpose some doctors treat their patients with unnecessary and expensive medicines, sometimes endangering the patients health and even their lives. These behaviors have already aroused growing concern from the public. Undoubtedly, honesty will benefit not only others but also ourselves profoundly. On the one hand, ones honesty can bring other people sheer facts which can lead to their sound judgments and effective solutions to the problems. On the other hand, people with integrity can win trust and friendship from the public, which will in turn bring more opportunities to themselves in the long run. Taking into account the above factors, we can draw a conclusion that everyone should try to be honest in whatever he says and does. Since honesty is a must in both daily communications and business activities, without it there will never be a harmonious and prosperous society.寫作構(gòu)思萬能理由：1、方便：convenientconvenience2、效率：efficientefficientlyefficiency3、節(jié)省和浪費(fèi)：save timemoneyspace; economical, thrift waste timemoneyspace; costly, lavish4：人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance ; selfish, isolated, conservative5、人的身體健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic6、娛樂：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax tired, boring, lonely7、環(huán)境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty8、安全和危險(xiǎn)：safe, danger, risk9：經(jīng)驗(yàn)：experience, social experience, enter the society10、人際：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely2009年CET4全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試寫作范文Sample 1Title: Only Stricter Traffic Laws Can Prevent Accidents Word Limit: no less than 120 words Outline: Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below: 1. 每天全世界都有成千上萬的人死于交通事故。 2. a. 開車的人越來越不注重自己的行為規(guī)范，公德意識(shí)越來越差。b. 整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)肇事者持縱容態(tài)度，交通的發(fā)展給城市和鄉(xiāng)村帶來很大影響。 3. 制定交通法規(guī)遏止交通事故的發(fā)生。 例文： Only Stricter Traffic Laws Can Prevent Accidents. Though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we cites the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly mutilated each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a mans very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year olds and utterly selfish.The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate.Sample 2 Title: Parents Are Too Permissive With Their Children Nowadays Word Limit: no less than 120 words Outline: Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below: 1. 孩子成為家庭的中心，父母日漸失去應(yīng)有的權(quán)威。 2. 父母對(duì)孩子的溺愛和忽視導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪。 3. 孩子的生活過于安逸對(duì)他們?nèi)蘸蟮某砷L(zhǎng)不利。 例文： Parents Are Too Permissive With Their Children NowadaysThere are countless articles on child care in magazines and newspapers. With so much unsolicited advice flying about, mum and dad just dont know what to do any more. In the end, they do nothing at all. So, from early childhood, the kids are in charge and parents lives are regulated according to the needs of their offspring. When the little dears develop into teenagers, they take complete control. Lax autho