考研英語閱讀核心詞匯篇.doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除考研閱讀核心詞匯篇一詞匯的形式上的微觀區(qū)別第一級(jí)1.adherence和adhesion 這兩個(gè)詞都是“粘附的”意思。adherence用于比喻的意思。例如：His adherence to the strict letter of the law. adhesion是指物質(zhì)上的。2. adjacent，adjoining，和contiguous 這些詞都有next to“緊挨”的意思。adjacent“毗鄰的，鄰近的”，但它們可能并不相互直接接觸。adjoining和contiguous指相互接觸，通常之間有一個(gè)edge或boundary。3.admission和admittance 它們都有“the act of entering”的意思。但admission用于公共場(chǎng)合。The price of admission to the gallery is5. admittance不指公共場(chǎng)合，一般指私人的住所。4. adopted和adoptiveadopted“收養(yǎng)的，過繼的”an adopted son (daughter)養(yǎng)子(女)；my adopted countryy我所入籍的國(guó)家; adopted words外來語。adoptive“收養(yǎng)的”，我們說adoptive parents,但很少說adoptive child; “采用的”，“假冒的”an adoptive courage假充勇敢。5.averse和adverseadverse“不利的，反對(duì)的”，用于事，不用于人。adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.averse“嫌惡的，反對(duì)的，不樂意的”，常和“to”一起使用，而且用否定形式。6.advise和adviceadvise“勸告”(動(dòng)詞)；advice“勸告”(名詞)。7.affect和effectaffect“影響”，它的第二個(gè)意思是“假裝”,Though she affectes indifference, I knew she was really very upset. effect n.“結(jié)果”，“效力”。 “產(chǎn)生”，“導(dǎo)致”，它比“to cause, to bring out”更為正式。His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.8.all ready和already all ready意思是“completely prepared”already“已經(jīng)”。He had already had his lunch.9.altogether和all together altogether (in total)“總共”all together意思是“in a group”。如：We put the sheep all together in one field.這兩個(gè)詞還可以分開。We put all the sheep together in one field.10. allude和eludeallude“暗指”，“暗示”，“(婉轉(zhuǎn))提到”。elude (to avoid or escape)“閃避，躲避”。如:to elude sibs grasp逃脫，沒有被逮?。籺o elude the law規(guī)避法律。The meaning eludes me.那個(gè)意義我摸不透。11.illusion和delusion illusion“幻覺，錯(cuò)覺”be under no illusion about sth.對(duì)某事不存幻想。delusion“欺騙，迷惑”He suffers from the delusion that hes attractive to women.他糊里糊涂地認(rèn)為自己對(duì)女人很有吸引力。12.amended和emend amended (to alter or add to something)“訂正，改正”，“修正(議案等)”。an amended bill修正案；amend ones ways改過自新。emend (to correct errors in)“校訂”。emend the text of a book?？蹦硶籋e emended the typescript before sending it to the printers.在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。13.amicable和amiable 這兩個(gè)詞都是指“友好的”意思。amicable“友好的，親切的”指行為或情景。The discussions were amicable, though businesslike.討論雖然是商業(yè)形式,但是友好的。amiable“可愛的，和藹可親的”Many people are afraid of him, though I found him to be perfectly amiable.雖然我發(fā)現(xiàn)他特別和藹可親，但還是有很多人害怕他。14.assent和ascent assent可用作“agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。ascent n.“上升，晉升”。the ascent of mountain登山。15.avert和avoid avert“防止，避免”。avoid“回避，逃避”。avoid bad company避免和壞人來往；I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不見他。16.besides和beside besides意思是“in addition to”“加之，還有，另外”；而beside“在旁邊”，“在一側(cè)”。Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father.站在我爸爸旁邊的高個(gè)子男子是鄧肯。17.coherence和cohesioncoherence“統(tǒng)一，一致性”；cohesion“結(jié)合力，團(tuán)結(jié)”。the cohesion of molecules分子的結(jié)合力。18. compare with和compare tocompare with“和比起來”compare to“好比”。He compared the moon to a silver plate.他把月亮比成一個(gè)大銀盤。19.impel和compelimpel“推動(dòng)，驅(qū)使，激勵(lì)”。impel sb. to do sth.激勵(lì)某人做某事；compel“強(qiáng)迫，脅迫，迫使”。compel sb. to ones will強(qiáng)迫人服從自己。plement和compliment complement“補(bǔ)足(物)，補(bǔ)全”，“補(bǔ)足語”。compliment“恭維話，贊辭，敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光臨，不勝榮幸。21.confident和confidant confident“深信，確信，自信”。confidant“心腹朋友”。She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help. 她沒有知心朋友來幫助或是勸告她。22.continual和continuous continual“連續(xù)，繼續(xù)”；“頻繁的”；continual bouts of toothache一陣接一陣的牙痛。(這中間可能有停頓或間斷。)continuous“連續(xù)”(指從不間斷的); We have had three weeks of continuous rain. 我們這里連續(xù)三周下雨不停。23.might和could might表明“possibility”。could應(yīng)該用來表明“permission”. Mum said we could (might) go to the football match.24.council和counsel council“議事機(jī)構(gòu)”，委員會(huì)；a cabinet council內(nèi)閣會(huì)議。counsel“商議，勸告”；follow sbs counsel close牢記某人忠告。25.creditable和crediblecreditable“聲譽(yù)好的，可稱許(贊揚(yáng))的”；credible“可信的，可靠的”Hes the only one without a credible alibi (辯解，托辭)，他是惟一一個(gè)沒有可信托辭的人。26.decisive和decideddecisive“果斷的，斷然的”；decisive measures斷然的措施。decided“明確的，無疑的”；a decided success明顯的成功。27.defective和deficientdefective (having a fault or flaw)“有缺陷的”。deficient (lacking in what is needed)“不足的”；be deficient in欠缺。28.definite和definitivedefinite (certain or clear, not vague)“明確的，一定的”。definitive (authoritative, that cannot be improved)“限定的，決定性的，最后的”; definitive host宿主；definitive organs定形器官；definitive sentence最后判決。29.dependant和dependentdependant n.(one who depends on another for support)受贍養(yǎng)者。dependent adj.“依靠的，依賴的”;Hesstill dependent on state benefit. The rate of relief is dependent on ones income.30.discreet和discretediscreet“考慮周到的，慎重的”。discrete“分離的，分裂的”；On closer examination, we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colors.31.distinctive和distinctdistinctive“有特色的”，“獨(dú)特的”；distinct“清楚的，明顯的”；a distinct smell of alcohol on his breath; the distinctive stripes of the zebra.32.dual和dueldual“二重的”；dual personality雙重人格；dual control雙重管轄；duel“決斗，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；fight a duel with sb.與某人決斗;challenge sb. to a duel向某人提出決斗；a duel of wits斗智33.eatable和edibleeatable a.“可食用的，可吃的”；n.“食物、食品”。edible a.“適合食用的，可以吃的”；n.“食品”。在指吃的時(shí)候二者可通用：The toast was burnt and barely eatable/edible.但在其他情況下不一樣。If something is eatable, it may be eaten (though it may not be safe or desirable to do so); but, if something is edible it is safe to eat.34.economical和economiceconomic“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”an economic survey of Scotland 蘇格蘭經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查；an economic blockade經(jīng)濟(jì)封鎖；economical“節(jié)儉的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的”；Hes had to learn to be more economical now that his only income is a small pension.35.evoke和invokeevoke“喚起，引起”；evoke admiration引起羨慕。invoke“祈求(神靈)保佑，乞靈于”，行使(法權(quán))；The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.36.fatal和fatefulfatal” causing death or disaster”“致命的”; a fatal disease不治之癥；a fatal wound致命傷。fateful” crucial, significant, deciding ones fate”“重大的”，“決定性的，決定命運(yùn)的”; On that one fateful day in October, millions of pounds were wiped off the value of shares.37.fictional和fictitiousfictional“虛構(gòu)的，小說的”。fictitious“虛構(gòu)的，編造的”(denotes something that is not real and has been created with the intention of deceiving others)；He gave the police a fictitious name. 38.historical和historichistorical“有關(guān)歷史的”，“歷史的”, the historical period歷史階段；historical personage歷史人物。historic“歷史上有名的，有歷史意義的”, historic town歷史名城。39.impassable和impassible impassable“不能通行的”，“不可逾越的”；an impassable swam不能通行的沼澤地。impassible“不感疼痛的；無動(dòng)于衷的”; an impassible God無動(dòng)于衷的神。40.infer和implyinfer“猜想，臆測(cè)”，“推斷”；infer a motive from an effect從效果推知?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。imply“含有的意思”; Do you realize what his words imply?你領(lǐng)會(huì)他說話的含意嗎? I do not imply that you are wrong.我的意思不是說你錯(cuò)了。41.impractical和impracticable (not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)“不切實(shí)際的，不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”。impracticable (not able to be done or used)“不能實(shí)行的，行不通的”；With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other, it is impracticable to widen the road.ox n. 公牛42.incredible和incredulousincredible“不可相信的，難以置信的”；incredible energy驚人的能量，精力。incredulous“不相信的，表示懷疑的”；be incredulous of hearsay不相信道聽途說；an incredulous look懷疑的目光。destroy vt. 破壞；毀壞；消滅43.ingenious和ingenuousUnit 1ingenious“機(jī)靈的”; an ingenious mind機(jī)靈的頭腦；an ingenious machine精巧的機(jī)器。sample n. 樣品；樣本ingenuous“直率的，坦白的”。深刻的44.intense和intensiveMargot n. 瑪戈（女名）intense“激烈的，強(qiáng)烈的”，“緊張的”an intense light強(qiáng)烈的燈光；intense heat酷熱；an intense life奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)的生活。intensive“加強(qiáng)的，集中的”；“深入細(xì)致的，徹底的”; an intensive bombardment密集炮擊；an intensive study徹底的研究；an intensive reading精讀(extensive reading泛讀)。45.junction和juncturetake a chance 冒險(xiǎn)junction“接合，連接”，“(河流的)匯合處”; make a junction取得聯(lián)絡(luò)，連接起來junction box接線盒。juncture (a particular point in time or in a sequence of events)“接合，連接”，“時(shí)機(jī)，關(guān)頭”；an important juncture in a mans career人生歷程中的重要關(guān)頭；at this juncture在這個(gè)時(shí)候；in the present critical juncture of things在目前這一危急關(guān)頭下。46.apt和prone它們都具有“tending to or in the habit of”的意思，但是prone只用于人。Elderly people are prone to falls, often because of arthritic joints or dizziness.47.loose和loseloose“松的，寬的”。lose“丟失”; lose ones balance失去平衡，跌倒；lose ones head被搞糊涂。48.luxuriant和luxuriousluxuriant (growing strongly or vigorously; abundant, prolific)“繁茂的；多產(chǎn)的；豐富的”；His luxuriant beard was red. luxurious“豪華的，奢侈的”；a luxurious table奢侈的飯菜。tortoise n. 陸龜；龜49.magical和magic它們都和magic有關(guān)系，但是magical也有“wonderful, entran