天河區(qū)初中英語專題輔導(dǎo)講義(1).doc

天河區(qū)初中英語專題輔導(dǎo)講義第三講：語言知識與運用（三） 東圃中學(xué) 陳瑛教學(xué)思路： 歸納考點-針對性例題精講-專題練習(xí)一、賓語從句 1. 賓語從句 在主句中作謂語動詞或某個介詞的賓語，說明“是什么”。I know that he is here.2. 賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞： that(可省略), if/whether（是否）, what 等特殊疑問詞。難點提示: whether . or not 是固定搭配，若從句中有 “or not”時，只能用whether,不能用 if.eg: (1) I dont know _or not.A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home(2) I dont know _ he still lives here.A. where B. what C. when D. whether(3) The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in.A. which B. where C. if D. that(4) I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. Hell help us with our English.A. why B. when C. how D. where(5) - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David?- Yes, MumA. what B. that C. why D. if(6) - Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is?- He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _.A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where(7) There is not much difference between the two. I really dont know _.A. what should I choose B. which I should chooseC. which should I choose D. what I should choose（ADABA CB）3. 賓語從句的語序陳述句語序(1) Did you find out _?A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking forC. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for(2) Are you interested in _?A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it(3) I dont know _. Can you tell me?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are(4) - What did the scientist say?- He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one day.A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly(5) Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me _?A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bankC. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where (DCDBC) 主句現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r 主句過去時4.賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)（1） (2 ) 從句可根據(jù)需要用任何時態(tài) 從句是過去時態(tài)的一種難點提示：1。如果賓語從句表示的是客觀真理，從句不受時態(tài)呼應(yīng)的限制，用一般現(xiàn)在時。 2could, would 在主句中表示一種客氣，有禮貌的語氣時，賓語從句不用過去時態(tài)。eg: (1) Its 7:30. I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet, Sally.A. havent started B. didnt C. dont start D. hadnt started(2) The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be(3) The teacher said that the earth _round the sun.A. goes B. go C. went D. will go(4) We d like to tell you that you _the exam.A. have passed B. had passed C. pass D. will pass(5) “Could you tell me_?” “ Yes. They _ to the library.”A. where are the twins, have been B. where were the twins, have beenC. where the twins are, have gone D, where the twins were, have gone(6) Our father said that he _ a new computer next week.A. will buy B. have bought C. would buy D. buys(7) I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday.A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone (AAAAC CC)5. 疑問詞 + to do可代替賓語從句， eg: (1) Mike is learning _ a computer.A. how can he use B. how to use C. how he use D. how to using(2) - Hi, Tom! Can you tell me when _ for London?- Yes, tomorrow afternoon.A. leaving B. leaves C. to leave D. are leaving (BC)6辨別what to do 與 how to do it eg: I really dont know _. A. what to do B. how to do C. what to do it D. to do what (A) 賓語從句專題練習(xí) 1. Do you know _? They moved here soon after their son was born.A. when would the Greens move here B. when the Greens moved hereC. the Greens would move here D. when the Greens would move here2. - Did you tell your brother where Susan _?- Yes, but I didnt tell him she _ until next week.A. has gone, wont come home B. went, dont come homeC. had been, wouldnt come home D. had gone , wouldnt come home3. - Have you finished your project yet?- Not yet. The teacher said it _ tomorrow.A. could be handed in B. can be handed in C. can hand in D. could hand in4. - Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow.- Yes, but if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have, will rain B. you will have, will rain C. you will have, rains D. will you have, rains5. She said she _ for the test. You can test her even now. A. has prepared B. had prepared C. will prepare D. would prepare6. Do you remember _ last time?A. what is your teacher saying B. what your teacher saidC. what your teacher says D. what did your teacher say 7. We couldnt find out _, so we handed it in to the teacher.A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. it was whose pen D. whose pen is it8. Ask Tony _ go with us tomorrow.A. if he will B. if he C. will he D. whether will he9. - Where does he come from?- Pardon?- I asked where _.A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from10. Who can tell us _ over there?A. what do they talk B. what are they talking aboutC. what they talk D. what they are talking about11. He didnt know _he should go or not.A. if B. weather C. that D. whether二、狀語從句1、 狀語從句說明主句動作發(fā)生的時間，地點，原因，結(jié)果，條件，方式等eg: He will be a scientist when he grows up. He will go to the meeting if he has time. 2、 狀語從句的連接詞：when, where, as soon as, before, after, until, if(如果), why, because, so, so that, though, since等 難點提示：though 和but 不能用在同一句子中。eg:(1) The poor man ate a big breakfast _ he said he wasnt hungry.A. since B. because C. though D. for(2) Mary didnt go to see a film _ her father came back home. A. until B. but C. if D. when*(3) I hurried _ I would not be late for the meeting. A. since B. as if C. unless D. so that(4) He was _ fat that he could not get through the door. A. so B. how C. such D. much(5) Youll do better in English _ you work harder. A. or B. than C. if D. before*(6) Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. so they C. but they D. and they(7) - What do you like doing after class? - I like not only reading _ painting. A. and B. but also C. or D. for(8)Jim has been in the factory for two months _ he left school. A. when B. since C. as soon as D. whether (CADAC ABB)難點提示：狀語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)： 主句用將來時或有情態(tài)動詞、祈使句（1） 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(if, when, as soon as, until, after引導(dǎo)的從句)eg: (1) Mary will go _ after she _ her homework.A. shops; finish B. shopping; finishes C. to shop; finishing D. shopping; finish(2) Could you ring me up as soon as he _?A. arrived B. would arrive C. arrives D. will arrive(3) If you _ carefully, you _ the report well.A. will listen; will be understand B. will listen; understandC. listen; will understand D. listen; understand（4）_me up when you _ any help. A. Ring, need B. rang , need C. To ring, need D. Ringing, need (BCCA) 主句用一般過去時 / 過去進行時（2） 從句用過去進行時 / 一般過去時eg: (1) -Mother came in while we _ TV at midnight.-Was she angry with you?A. were watching B. are watching C. watched D. watch(2) They _about a new film when their teacher _ in.A. have talked, came B. didnt talk, was coming C. will talk, comes D. were talking, came (AD) 主句用一般過去時 / 過去完成時（3）從句用過去完成時 / 一般過去時eg: (1) The class_ when Tom _ into the classroom.A. began; was walking B. had begun; walked C. begins; walks D. was beginning; walked(2) Catherine _ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing(3) He went to bed after he _his homework. A. finish B. finishes C. had finished D. was finishing (BCC)狀語從句專題練習(xí)1. We _Xiao Li since she was a little child.A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew2. The old people _ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week. A. dont feel B. hasnt felt C. havent felt D. didnt feel3. - How did the accident happen?- You know, it _ difficult to see the road clearly because it _.A. was; was raining B. is; has rained C. is; is raining D. will be; will rain4. - Its time to do your homework, Jack- Yes, Mum. Ill turn off the TV as soon as the programme_.A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end5. -Rick! Your jacket is wet through. Didnt you listen to the weather report this morning?-No, I didnt. I was in a hurry. Besides, it _ when I left.A. hadnt rained B. would rain C. rained D. wasnt raining6. - Do you know Betty very well?- Yes, she and I _ friends since we met In Guangzhou last summer.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned7. By the time they _ the lost girl, she _ away for half a month.A. had found, was B. found, had been C. has found, is D. had found, had been8. If the bus _ in ten minutes time, we _ late for our meeting.A. didnt come, were B. doesnt come, will be C. came, wont D. hadnt come, will be9. While she _ NBA Games in the sitting room, the bell _.A. watched, was ringing B. is watching, rang C. was watching, rang D. was watching, was ringing10. She is _ a good girl that everyone likes her. A. so B. how C. such D. much11. I wont let you in _ you show me your card. A. except B. unless C. but D. if12. He will start working as soon as _ here.A. arriving B. he arrives C. he will arrive D. he has arrives13. Peter will go to visit his uncle before he _ Australia.A. has left B. will leave C. is leaving D. leaves三、定語從句1、 定語從句對主句中提到的人或物加以進一步說明。定語從句緊跟先行詞（主句中的提到的人或物）eg: Something is wrong with the player who just scored.2、 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞： who（先行詞是人，作主語）, which（先行詞是物）, that（先行詞是人或物）, whose（作定語）, whom（先行詞是人，作賓語）難點提示：先行詞有all, any, anything, everything, nothing, something, a few, the only one和最高級等，要用that 代替which. 先行詞在定語從句中要充當句子成分，作賓語時，關(guān)系代詞可以省略。eg: (1) Thats all _ I know. I cant tell you any more.A. which B. that C. who D. whose(2) My parents lives in the largest city _ lies in the west of the country.A. which B. who C. whose D. that （BD）定語從句專題練習(xí) 1. - Who is the man _ was walking to our English teacher?- Oh! Its Mr. Baker, our new maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. A nurse is a person _ job is to take care of the patient in the hospital.A. who B. whose C. that D. which3. Have you heard of the new airport _ will be opened this year?A. who B. when C. which D. whom4. Do you know the boy _ English is the best in Junior 1?A. whose B. whos C. that his D. which*5- The boy _ Miss Green bought the present looks very happy.- Hes never been given a present.A. who B. to whom C. for whom D. which6. Her young sister _ is eighteen years old is a college student.A. which B. who C. whom D. when*7. The doctor _ is leaving for London next month. A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking to C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking*8. I saw a women _ I thought was my aunt. A. who B. whom C. of whom D. whose*9. The man and the horse _ fell into the river were drowned(淹死). A. which B. who C. that D. of which四、反意疑問句1、 反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）前否定，后肯定 （2）前肯定，后否定難點提示: 當前面有l(wèi)ittle, few, nobody, hardly, never, none, no, nothing 等詞時，后面要肯定。eg: (1) Mr king has never been to France, _? A. has he B. hasnt Mr king C. hasnt he D. has Mr. King(2) You could hardly understand _he said, _you?A. what, could B. what, couldnt C. that, could D. that, could (AA)2、 祈使句的反意疑問句用will you 或shall we來問。eg:(1) Dont open the door, _?A. will you B. wont you C. do you D. dont you(2) Lets go shopping, _?A. will you B. shall we C. dont we D. do we (AB)4、Let的反意疑問句 eg: Lets go home, shall we? Let us clean the room, will you?5、反意疑問句的回答: 與事實相符，答yes, 與事實不相符，答no.6. 以think 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句根據(jù)從句設(shè)問，如果是dont think, 后面用肯定設(shè)問。eg: (1) - She didnt come to school yesterday, did she?- _, but she was not feeling very well.A. No, she didnt B. Yes she didnt C. No, she did D. Yes, she did (2)I dont think it is true, _?A. do you B. dont you C. is it D. isnt it (DC)反意疑問句專題練習(xí)1. Tom often has lunch at school, _? A. doesnt Tom B. doesnt he C. hasnt he D. hasnt Tom2. Theres not much news in todays newspaper, _? A. isnt it B. has there C. is it D. is there3. - They havent paid for their tickets, have they?- _. They didnt pay any money.A. Yes, they have. B. No, they havent. C. Yes, they havent. D. No, they have.4. Your grandpa had walked for two weeks before he reached the city, _? A. was it B. did it C. had you D. hadnt he5. I dont think the lady likes either singing or dancing, _?A. do I B. dont I C. does she D. doesnt she6. The twins had got no new songs for the concert, _?A. did they B. didnt they C. had they D. hadnt they7. There are some birds flying in the sky, _?A. are they B. arent they C. are there D. arent there8. The young should help the old, _?A. should he B. should they C. shouldnt they D. shouldnt he五、感嘆句1、 感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）What + a/an + 名詞/名詞短語 + 陳述句！ （2）How + 形容詞/副詞 + 陳述句！難點提示：在（1）中，當名詞/名詞短語是不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)時，要省去a/an。eg: _ wonderful music it is! I like Bethovens better than anybodys. A. What B. How a C. What a D. How （A）感嘆句專題練習(xí)1. _ day were having today! A. What a fine B. How fine C. What fine s D. What fine2. _ beautiful the skirt is! A. How B. What a C. How a D. What3. _ wonderful world it is! I hope I can live longer. A. What a B. How a C. What D. How4. _ way it is from Guangzhou to Paris! A. How long B. What a long C. How a long D. What long 5. What _ it is! A. a good news B. good piece of news C. two pieces of news D. a piece of news6. _ wonderful time we had together! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a7. _ it is today! Lets go to fly a kite in the park, shall we? A. What fine weather B. What a fine weather C. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather8. - Betty could swim when she was four years old. - _!A. How clever the girl was B. What a clever the girl was C. What clever the girl was D. How clever girl was9. _ happy the children are to see a new film! A. What B. How C. How a D. What a六、情景反應(yīng)專項練習(xí)1. You ask your friend to go and watch a wonderful football game. What would you say to him if he cant go with you?A. Thank you all the same. B. Its my pleasure.C. What a pity! D. Youre welcome.2. What would you say to the old woman when you see she is worried.?A. What can I do for you? B. I think I must help you.C. What do you want? D. Nice to meet you.3. - What about this green dress? Perhaps its the right size for you.- _ Im afraid its too small.A. Have you got red dresses? B. May I try it on?C. Thanks for asking me. D. How much does it cost?4. -Id like to invite you to my party tomorrow evening, Jane.- _.A. I dont like any parties. B. Not at all. C. Thanks for asking me. D. Thats right.5. -Its an unlucky day! My bag has been stolen. - _.A. Really unlucky! Im so sad. B. No hurry! I can help you.C. Not at all. Ive no time. D. Bad luck! Im very