U1_一般將來(lái)時(shí).doc

U1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：I(We)shall be back tomorrow.He will come next week. I(We) shall study chemistry next year.Theyll have a math test next Tuesday.Well have a meeting tomorrow afternoon.shall 用于第一人稱(chēng)，will 可以用于任何人稱(chēng)。-Will the soup be ready soon?-Yes, it will. Itll be ready in a few minutes.2. 介詞 in 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，表示從現(xiàn)在起的某一段時(shí)間以后，通常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 畫(huà)線提問(wèn)用How soon，譯為“多久”。例如： -Will the train arrive soon?-Yes, it will. Itll arrive in five minutes.-Will Dr. Smith be here soon?-Yes, he will. Hell be here in half an hour.He will be back in a week.How soon will he be back?3. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)，表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做的事。4. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。We wont go there if it snows tomorrow. 如果明天下雪，我們就不去那兒了。練習(xí) 1We _（have）a party tonight.2.I _ ( meet ) Mary at the station at ten.3They _ ( visit) the Summer Palace next Monday.4.The train _ (arrive) in a few minutes.5.Dr. Smith _ ( be) here in half an hour.6.We _ ( go) there if it _ (not snow) tomorrow.7.We will go to the movies if it _ (not rain) tomorrow afternoon.8. Im sorry _ (keep) you waiting for so long9. She _ (go) to the cinema with her friends tomorrow evening.10. My mother _ (do) some cooking when I came in.4.數(shù)詞hundred, thousand, million, billion等前無(wú)修飾詞時(shí),須用復(fù)數(shù)且后常接介詞of,如有many, some, several, a few等修飾詞時(shí),可用復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)形式,但復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)常有介詞of,例如：three hundred kids hundreds of kidsmany thousand kids = many thousands of kids5.see hear sb. do/doing sth.I saw her playing football.I often hear him sing popular songs.6.Suchthat sothatThe dog is so dirty that I dont want to touch(摸，碰) it.=Its such a dirty dog that I dont want to touch it .7. pleasant-unpleasant8. possible-impossible9. My dream will come true. His dream came true.10.can和 be able to can/could: He can speak a little English.She could swim when she was nine years old.be able to : He is able to speak a little English.She was able to swim when she was nine years old.Theyll be able to speak French in five years.The boy was able to _ himself when he was very young. A. dress B. wear C. put on D. wear on辨析A little Little A few Few The math problem is too difficult._ students in our class can work it out.(把它解答出來(lái))A.A little B. Little .A few .FewA little與 A few 表示肯定意義還有一點(diǎn) Little 與Few表示否定意義 沒(méi)有多少了A little與 Little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞A few 與Few修飾可數(shù)名詞We still/just have a little time. 我們還有點(diǎn)時(shí)間。The little boy is very busy. He has little time to play. 這個(gè)小男孩很忙，他很少有時(shí)間玩。Its a little animal. It eats only a little food. 那是一個(gè)小動(dòng)物，它只吃一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)食物。Ill only be away a few minutes. 我只離開(kāi)幾分鐘Theres only a little soup left. 只剩下一點(diǎn)兒湯了。Im going to buy a few bananas. 我打算去買(mǎi)一些香蕉。選擇正確答案填空： 1.This is _food in the cupboard, I must go and get some. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 析：此句空格后邊的food食物是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)“少者可數(shù)，多者不可數(shù)”，我們選擇C,D兩個(gè)答案，而篩去A.B答案，又根據(jù)I must go and get some,我必須去買(mǎi)一些，說(shuō)明碗柜里沒(méi)有食物或食物很少了，說(shuō)明此句表示的是否定，根據(jù)“少者否定，多者肯定”在C.D答案中，我們選擇答案C。 2.The question is so difficult that _ students can answer it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 析：此句空格后面的students為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)“少者可數(shù)多者不可數(shù)”，我們選A.B而篩去C.D，又因?yàn)門(mén)he question is so difficult說(shuō)明這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難，題難則回答的學(xué)生太少、不多，表示否定，根據(jù)“少者否定多者肯定”故標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案選A。下面提供一些練習(xí)不妨一試。 1.Do you want water? There is _left in my glass. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 2.There are a lot of new books，but _ of them are easy to read. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 3.Please hurry up, there is _ time left. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 4.The box is very heavy, _ of us can lift it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 5.Dont worry, we still have _ time left. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 6.There are_ books left, we cant lend you any one. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 7.Li Ping has learned Russian for four years, and he can speak_ Russian now. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 8.There is _ink（墨水） in my pen, please give me_ A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 9.Give me another cup of tea please, There is _in this cup. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 10.Dont rush,there is still _ time left. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.C、D 9.C 10.D U3辨析when與whilewhen和while這兩個(gè)詞都可以作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。1）when表示的時(shí)間，既可以是短暫的，也可以是一段時(shí)間。它所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是短暫性的。例如：When I came back from school I had a short rest. 我放學(xué)回來(lái)后休息了一會(huì)兒。When I was writing she came in. 我在寫(xiě)東西時(shí)她進(jìn)來(lái)了。2）while表示的時(shí)間是一段時(shí)間。因此，它所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里的動(dòng)詞，必須是延續(xù)性的。例如：While we were having dinner, the telephone rang. 當(dāng)我們?cè)诔燥垥r(shí)，電話鈴響了。短語(yǔ)take off用法分析What was the girl doing when the UFO took off? 當(dāng)飛碟起飛時(shí)，女孩在干什么？1）此處的take off意為“起飛”。例如：When will the plane take off? 飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛？2）take off還可以作“脫下”講，反義詞為put on。例如：Put on your clothes. Dont take them off. 把衣服穿上，別把衣服脫下。鞏固提高：熟記下列句子：1.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，學(xué)生在講話 When the teacher came in, the students were talking.2.媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，我到家了。 While my mother was cooking, I got home.3.爸爸在看報(bào)紙，我在看電視。 While my father was reading newspapers, I was watching TV.be surprised at sth. 對(duì)。感到吃驚（主語(yǔ)通常為人）be surprised to do sth. 吃驚的做某事 （主語(yǔ)通常為人）例如： 聽(tīng)了他的話，我們感到吃驚。 We were surprised at what he said.聽(tīng)到那個(gè)事故我驚訝不已。I was surprised to hear the accident.一、用正確的時(shí)態(tài)填空1、He （cook） in the kitchen at 12 oclock yesterday .2、She (write) a letter when I came in .3、The girl (shop) when the alien got out .4、While he (buy) souvenirs , a girl called the police .5、The barber （cut）my hair when they arrived .二、Fill in the blanks with when or while.1. What were you doing your father came in?2. She was drawing I was playing the piano.3. the police were running after a thief, it began to rain.4. -Im going to Shanghai for a holiday. - you are there, can you buy me some books?5. The girl was taking a shower the door bell rang.6. will they come back?7. She likes western food I likes Chinese food.8. they got to the airport, it was raining.9. he was reading, he fell asleep.單項(xiàng)選擇1. When I went to see Lucy, she _ in bed reading. A. is lying B. is going to lie C. was lying D. lied2. -What _ you _ at 9:00 yesterday? -I _ a paper kite.A. did, do, make B. are, doing, am making C. were, doing, was making D. was, doing, was making3. Listen! I hear someone _ the violin in the room.A. playing B. to play C. plays D. play4. On the way to the office, I heard some children _ the English song.A. sang B. to sing C. sing D. singing5. When I was walking past the window, I saw Jack _ my homework. I really got _. A. copying, annoy B. copying, annoyed C. was copying , annoy D. is copying, annoyed用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1. My son _（play）with the cat when I was in kitchen.2. While the girl was shopping, the alien _（get）out.3. The boy was walking down the street when a UFO _（land）.4. While it was looking at the souvenirs, the shop assistant _（call）the police.5. What _ you _（do）at nine oclock last Sunday morning?6. He _（lie）on the ground when I saw him.Key: 1.was playing 2.got 3.landed 4.called 5.were, doing 6.was lyingunit 4 賓語(yǔ)從句要注意的問(wèn)題：1、引導(dǎo)詞（又稱(chēng)連詞）2、陳述句語(yǔ)序（即主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）3、時(shí)態(tài)1）當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)。2）當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)）3）雖然主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但從句是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1.The teacher said that the earth goes (go)around the sun.2.The old man said that light travels (travel) faster than sound.賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題一、單選題（陳述句語(yǔ)序）1、She is new here. I dont know .A where she is from B where is she from C where does she come from2、She said she three languages.A could say B could speak C can speak D could talk3、I asked you where go. A we will B will we C we would D would we4、Could you tell us yesterday? A what do they do B what did they do C what they did D what they do5、When Bill got home, he said to his mum he really hungry. A is B was C will be D be 6. The professor said that light _ faster than sound. A. travelsB. traveledC. travel 7.The teacher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late8.He asked her _. A. where she were going B. where she was going toC. where she was going D. where she is going9.The fight started when she asked me if she my homework.A could copy B can copy C copies D copied二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（時(shí)態(tài)）1.He told me he (will) write to me if he got there.2.I (call) you tomorrow.3.He told me he (call) me tomorrow.4.She said she (can) speak English.5.Mary said she (go) to the cinema every Saturday.6.Tom said he (fly) to New York the next day.7. Lana said she _ _ (isnt ) mad at Marcia any more.8.The teacher tells the child _ _(not draw) on the wall.9.His mother told him (study) hard.10.The teacher said that the earth _ _(go) around the sun.不再 not. any longer=(no longer) longer是副詞long的比較級(jí)，主要用來(lái)表示時(shí)間或距離的“不再”，意在對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況和過(guò)去的情況加以比較，所以多用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)。它一般修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不再延續(xù)下去。 You are no longer a child. = You arent a child any longer. 你已不再是個(gè)孩子了。 He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here any longer. 他不再住這里了。 notany more/anymore（= no more），more是many / much的比較級(jí)主要用來(lái)表示數(shù)量和程度，一般常修飾非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作不再重復(fù)發(fā)生，它所表達(dá)的是never again或“沒(méi)有更多”的含義。 The baby no more cried. = The baby didnt cry any more. 這個(gè)小孩不再哭了。U5if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1 If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something that you love.2 If you become famous, people all over the world will know you.3 If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.4 If you play sports for a living, your job will sometimes be very dangerous.5 If you become rich, you will have a different time knowing who your real friends are.1. If you watch TV now, you _ the homework tonight.B. dont finish B. wont finish C. didnt finish D. arent finish2. If you bring food to the party, the teachers _.A. take it away B. take away it C. will take it away D. will take away it3. Im surprised _ that you wont go to college.A. to hear . B. hearing C. hear D heard4. Jim asked me _ him with his math.A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help5. My mother let me _ my room every day.A. clean B. to clean C. cleans D. cleaning6. If it _, I will go to the park tomorrow.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. didnt rain疑難問(wèn)題解析：1. becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. 注：動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)，要用ing形式。例如：l _(drink) milk every day is good for our health.l _(play) computer games too much is bad for our health.l _(成為一名律師) is my dream.2. youll be able to make a living doing something you love. 注：make a living意為“謀生”。句中doing前省略了介詞by，即make a living (by) doing sth，意為“靠做某事謀生”。例如：l My grandfather _(make) a living _(fish) twenty years ago.l His father _. 他的爸爸靠賣(mài)面包為生。3. This is a great chance that many people do not have.注1: 句中的that many people do not have為定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾說(shuō)明前面的先行詞a great chance。定語(yǔ)從句將在下學(xué)期的第5單元學(xué)習(xí)，讓我們翹首以待吧！注2: chance 用作名詞，意為“機(jī)會(huì)”其后接不定式或“of +動(dòng)名詞/名詞”，即have a chance to do sth/ have a chance of doing sth/sth. 例如：l I dont have a chance _(go) to Australia. l He hopes _. (有機(jī)會(huì)作一名演員)7.艱難/費(fèi)力地做某事 I had a really hard time with science this semester.have a really hard/difficult time with sth. have a really hard/difficult time doing sth.3. _ to college is the most important thing in his lifeA. GoingB. Go C. Went D. Gone4.Those poor boys made a living by_ newspapers in the street.A. sell B. selling C. to sell D. sells5. At last I had a difficult time _ (find) his house1. Drinking, playing, becoming a lawyer2. made, fishing, makes a living (by) having a bake sale.3. to go, to have a chance to be an actor/ to have a chance of being an actor.U6現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始到現(xiàn)在這一段時(shí)間里一直延續(xù)的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行式結(jié)構(gòu)：have / has +been+ doing/1I have been writing the letter since then.從那時(shí)起我一直在寫(xiě)這封信。（動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）2I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自從10年前我就收集郵票了（動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直現(xiàn)在還在收集）。3 How long have you been living here?你在這兒已經(jīng)住了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。（“居住”動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)比現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性：2如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間強(qiáng)調(diào)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，3現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般不適用于表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則可：since和for的用法與區(qū)別for接一段時(shí)間，since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)eg:We have lived here since 2000. We have lived here for 10 yearsSince 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born. My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time. 注意：并非有for 作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。) I have worked here for many years.(現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。) 小竅門(mén)：當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+一段時(shí)間，這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們用下面的公式轉(zhuǎn)化，很容易就能排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中的誤使。 8. (對(duì)) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2)(錯(cuò)) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 顯然，第二句不對(duì)，它應(yīng)改為 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years1.Jimmy has been teaching (teach) English for 5 years.2.He has been playing (play) football since he was 9.3.We have been working (work) here since last Sunday.4.My father has been collecting (collect) park tickets for 10 years.5.My little brother has been watching (watch) TV for 3 hours.6.Sam and I have been reading (read) magazines for half an hour7.The students and teacher have been cleaning (clean) the classroom since 2 oclock.1、three and a half years =three years and a half三年半-How long can I keep the book? - _ .A. half days B. two and half a days C. half a day D. a half day2 一座有花園的房子a house with a garden 一所帶游泳池的房子a house with a swimming pool1._ have you been skiing? Half a year.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. When2. He _TV for three hours, and hes still watching now.A. has beenB. watchedC. has been watchingD.is watching3. Sam _ coins since he was eleven years old, and now he has hundreds of them.A. collected B. had collected C. has been collecting D. had been collecting4. Sally has been swimming _ four hours. A. for about B. since C. about D. /5. -How long have you been running ? -Since _ .A. two hours B. two hours ago C.I am ten years old D. for two hours3、the+比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí)此句型意為“越就越”， 前一個(gè)“the +比較級(jí)”相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句，后一個(gè)“the + 比較級(jí)”為主句，從句不可用將來(lái)時(shí)。The earlier you start, the sooner youll be back. (=If you start earlier, youll be back sooner.)你出發(fā)得越早,回來(lái)得就越早。 The more you practice, the better you can understand. (=If you practice more, you can understand better.)你練習(xí)得越多，理解得就越透。 The better I knew him, the more I liked him. 我越了解他就越喜歡他。The more I read the book，the more I liked it 這本書(shū)我越看越喜歡。 C. Remember this, children._ you are, _ mistakes you will make. A. The more careful；the more B. The more careful；the fewer C. The more carefully；the fewer D. The less careful；the less2. Remember this, children._ you write, _ mistakes you will make. A. The more careful；the more B. The more careful；the fewer C. The more carefully；the fewer D. The less careful；the less3._ he comes, _ I shall be. A. The sooner；the happy B. The sooner；the happier C. The sooner；happier D. Sooner；happier 4.The more you eat， _,A. the heavier are you B. the heavier you are C. you the heavier D. you are the heavier 5. The earlier you _ there, the less money it _. A. get；will cost B. will get；will cost C. get；cost D. will get，cost 6. The more, the _ (good).15. Im the last one to take a shower.the + 序數(shù)詞 (first/ second/ .last) to do sth. “第幾個(gè)做”， 例如：Gina is the first to know my e-mail address.He is the _ (two) person to swim in the sea.The Olympic Games are held _. A. every four years B. every four year C. every fourth years D. every four-yearsUnit7 Would you mind turning down the music?語(yǔ)法1.If you dont mind _ the door, Ill just open it. A. me open B. me to open C my to open D .my opening 2.Dont forget _(bring) your photos to school tomorrow.3.We decide _ (have) a party for Lana.1Would you mind _the new words for me?A copy B copying C to copy D copied 2-Would you mind having some juice? -_. A. No, of course not B. Yes, I would C. No, I would D. Yes, I will 3-Could you please _ so much noise?A. not making B. dont make C. not to make D. not make1、question 與 problem 1）MayIaskyousome_？我可以問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題嗎？ 2）Canyouworkoutthismaths_？你能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎？ 3）I cant work out this maths _. Can you help me?我解答不了這道數(shù)學(xué)題，你能幫我的忙嗎？ 4）This is a difficult _ to answer.這是一個(gè)難以回答的問(wèn)題。2、有點(diǎn)晚（2個(gè)）a little late= a bit late一點(diǎn)水（2個(gè)）a little water= a bit of water3、你能請(qǐng)公車(chē)司機(jī)等5分鐘嗎？wait for sb.等某人wait