法律英語(yǔ)：環(huán)境保護(hù)法 保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境.docx

第三章 保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境CHAPTER III PROTECTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT 第十六條 地方各級(jí)人民政府，應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)本轄區(qū)的環(huán)境質(zhì)量負(fù)責(zé)，采取措施改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量。Article 16. The local peoples governments at various levels shall be responsible for the environment quality of areas under their jurisdiction1 and take measures to improve the environment quality. 第十七條 各級(jí)人民政府對(duì)具有代表性的各種類型的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)區(qū)域，珍稀、瀕危的野生動(dòng)植物自然分布區(qū)域，重要的水源涵養(yǎng)區(qū)域，具有重大科學(xué)文化價(jià)值的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、著名溶洞和化石分布區(qū)、冰川、火山、溫泉等自然遺跡，以及人文遺跡、古樹(shù)名木，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施加以保護(hù)，嚴(yán)禁破壞。Article 17. The peoples governments at various levels shall take measures to protect regions representing various types of natural ecological2 systems, regions with a natural distribution of rare and endangered wild animals and plants, regions where major sources of water are conserved3, geological structures of major scientific and cultural value, famous regions where karst caves and fossil deposits are distributed, traces of glaciers4, volcanoes and hot springs, traces of human history, and ancient and precious trees. Damage to the above shall be strictly5 forbidden. 第十八條 在國(guó)務(wù)院、國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府劃定的風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、自然保護(hù)區(qū)和其他需要特別保護(hù)的區(qū)域內(nèi)，不得建設(shè)污染環(huán)境的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)設(shè)施；建設(shè)其他設(shè)施，其污染物排放不得超過(guò)規(guī)定的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Article 18. Within the scenic6 spots or historic sites, nature reserves and other zones that need special protection, as designated by the State Council, the relevant competent department under the State Council, and the peoples governments of provinces, autonomous7 regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, no industrial production installations that cause environmental pollution shall be built; other installations to be built in these areas must not exceed the prescribed standards for the discharge of pollutants8. 已經(jīng)建成的設(shè)施，其污染物排放超過(guò)規(guī)定的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，限期治理。If the installations that have been built discharge more pollutants than are specified9 by the prescribed discharge standards, such pollution shall be eliminated or controlled within a prescribed period of time. 第十九條 開(kāi)發(fā)利用自然資源，必須采取措施保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境。Article 19. Measures must be taken to protect the ecological environment while natural resources are being developed or utilized10. 第二十條 各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的保護(hù)，防治土壤污染、土地沙化、鹽漬化、貧瘠化、沼澤化、地面沉降和防治植被破壞、水土流失、水源枯竭、種源滅絕以及其他生態(tài)失調(diào)現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生和發(fā)展，推廣植物病蟲(chóng)害的綜合防治，合理使用化肥、農(nóng)藥及植物生長(zhǎng)激素。Article 20. The peoples governments at various levels shall provide better protection for the agricultural environment by preventing and controlling soil pollution, the desertification and alkalization of land, the impoverishment11 of soil, the deterioration12 of land into marshes13, earth subsidence, the damage of vegetation, soil erosion, the drying up of sources of water , the extinction14 of species and the occurence and development of other ecological imbalances, by extending the scale of a comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and by promoting a rational application of chemical fertilizers, pesticides15 and plant growth hormone16. 第二十一條 國(guó)務(wù)院和沿海地方各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的保護(hù)。向海洋排放污染物、傾到廢棄物，進(jìn)行海岸工程建設(shè)和海洋石油勘探開(kāi)發(fā)，必須依照法律的規(guī)定，防止對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的污染損害。Article 21. The State Council and the peoples governments at various levels in coastal17 areas shall provide better protection for the marine18 environment. The discharge of pollutants and the dumping of wastes into the seas, the construction of coastal projects, and the exploration and exploitation of offshore19 oil must be conducted in compliance20 with legal provisions so as to guard against the pollution and damage of the marine environment. 第二十二條 制定城市規(guī)劃，應(yīng)當(dāng)確定保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境的目標(biāo)和任務(wù)。Article 22. The targets and tasks for protecting and improving the environment shall be defined in urban planning. 第二十三條 城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)刈匀画h(huán)境的特點(diǎn)，保護(hù)植被、水域和自然景觀，加強(qiáng)城市園林、綠地和風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的建設(shè)。Article 23. In urban and rural construction, vegetation, waters and the natural landscape shall be protected and attention paid to the construction of gardens, green land and historic sites and scenic spots in the cities in the light of the special features of the local natural environment.詞匯解析表：1 jurisdiction n.司法權(quán)，審判權(quán)，管轄權(quán)，控制權(quán)參考例句：It doesnt lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我無(wú)權(quán)將你釋放。Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隸屬江蘇省。2 ecological adj.生態(tài)的，生態(tài)學(xué)的參考例句：The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.這個(gè)地區(qū)已經(jīng)宣布為生態(tài)災(zāi)難區(qū)。Each animal has its ecological niche.每種動(dòng)物都有自己的生態(tài)位.3 conserved v.保護(hù)，保藏，保存( conserve的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞 )參考例句：He conserved his energy for the game. 他為比賽而養(yǎng)精蓄銳。 來(lái)自簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典Under these conditions, the total mechanical energy remains constant, or is conserved. 在這種條件下，總機(jī)械能保持不變或機(jī)械能保存。 來(lái)自辭典例句4 glaciers 冰河，冰川( glacier的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )參考例句：Glaciers gouged out valleys from the hills. 冰川把丘陵地帶沖出一條條山谷。It has ice and snow glaciers, rainforests and beautiful mountains. 既有冰川，又有雨林和秀麗的山峰。 來(lái)自英語(yǔ)晨讀30分（高一）5 strictly adv.嚴(yán)厲地，嚴(yán)格地；嚴(yán)密地參考例句：His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的醫(yī)生嚴(yán)格規(guī)定他的飲食。The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人嚴(yán)格按照地位高低就座。6 scenic adj.自然景色的，景色優(yōu)美的參考例句：The scenic beauty of the place entranced the visitors.這里的美麗風(fēng)光把游客們迷住了。The scenic spot is on northwestern outskirts of Beijing.這個(gè)風(fēng)景區(qū)位于北京的西北遠(yuǎn)郊。7 autonomous adj.自治的；獨(dú)立的參考例句：They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他們自豪地宣布成為新自治省的一部分。This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.這件事是屬于自治區(qū)權(quán)限以內(nèi)的事務(wù)。8 pollutants 污染物質(zhì)（尤指工業(yè)廢物）( pollutant的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )參考例句：Pollutants are constantly being released into the atmosphere. 污染物質(zhì)正在不斷地被排放到大氣中去。The 1987 Amendments limit 301(g) discharges to a few well-studied nonconventional pollutants. 1987年的修正案把第301條（g）的普通排放限制施加在一些認(rèn)真研究過(guò)的幾種非常規(guī)污染物上。 來(lái)自英漢非文學(xué) - 環(huán)境法 - 環(huán)境法9 specified adj.特定的參考例句：The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑師指定用橡木做木飾條。It is generated by some specified means. 這是由某些未加說(shuō)明的方法產(chǎn)生的。10 utilized v.利用，使用( utilize的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞 )參考例句：In the19th century waterpower was widely utilized to generate electricity. 在19世紀(jì)人們大規(guī)模使用水力來(lái)發(fā)電。 來(lái)自簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典The empty building can be utilized for city storage. 可以利用那棟空建筑物作城市的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。 來(lái)自簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典11 impoverishment n.貧窮，窮困；貧化參考例句：Therefore, the spiritual impoverishment is a more fearful social phenomenon. 所以，精神貧困是一種比物質(zhì)貧困更隱蔽更可怕的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)Impoverishment is compounded by many elements, and can transmit to be a pernicious cycle. 貧困是由多種因素復(fù)合而成的，并且具有傳遞性，形成貧困的惡性循環(huán)。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)12 deterioration n.退化；惡化；變壞參考例句：Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，心智和體力自然衰退。The cars bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 這輛車的車身已經(jīng)顯示出了劣化跡象。13 marshes n.沼澤，濕地( marsh的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )參考例句：Cows were grazing on the marshes. 牛群在濕地上吃草。We had to cross the marshes. 我們不得不穿過(guò)那片沼澤地。 來(lái)自簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典14 extinction n.熄滅，消亡，消滅，滅絕，絕種參考例句：The plant is now in danger of extinction.這種植物現(xiàn)在有絕種的危險(xiǎn)。The islands way of life is doomed to extinction.這個(gè)島上的生活方式注定要消失。15 pesticides n.殺蟲(chóng)劑( pesticide的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )；除害藥物參考例句：vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用殺蟲(chóng)劑種植的蔬菜There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人們對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)上滅草劑和殺蟲(chóng)劑的用量非常擔(dān)憂。 來(lái)自簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典16 hormone n.荷爾蒙，激素，內(nèi)分泌參考例句：Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生長(zhǎng)輔助劑。Th