情態(tài)動詞專項練習(xí).doc

情態(tài)動詞專項練習(xí)情態(tài)動詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語，另外情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形?？键c一：can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞在陳述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?這個消息會是真的嗎？Can it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢。【例題】I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.No. She _be there, I have just been there.【解析】根據(jù)下文“我剛?cè)ミ^那兒”可知，應(yīng)為“不可能”，cant表示推測答案 2. could的用法：（1）.can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。（2）. could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me 你能幫我個忙嗎？Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表示請求、許可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行車嗎？You may go home now.現(xiàn)在你可以回家了。【例題】_ I borrow your MP3?Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此處表示請求，意為“做可以嗎”。答案：A (2) .表示推測，談?wù)摽赡苄?，意為“可能，或許”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. (3) .may的過去式為might，表示推測時?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他離開學(xué)校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可譯為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你過得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1).must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎？（2）對must引導(dǎo)的疑問句，肯定回答為must，否定回答或dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?我現(xiàn)在必須完成作業(yè)嗎 (4)must表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.燈亮著，他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。注意其反意問句的構(gòu)成形式：當(dāng)must表示肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構(gòu)成。如：She must have seen the film before, hasnt she?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didnt you?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)5. need的用法：（1）.need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，意為“沒有必要，不必”。用need提問時，肯定回答dont have to。如：Need I stay here any longer? 我還有必要留在這兒嗎？Yes, you must .是的。No. you neednt /dont have to.不，你不必。(2).need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式。如：I need to do it right now.我需要馬上做這件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那個女孩。如果是物作主語，一般用need doing與need to be done這種情況下應(yīng)注意兩點：.主動形式的動名詞doing具有被動的含義；.該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形式而句子的意義不變。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇門需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的車需要維修了。7. shall的用法：shall表示征求對方意見（多用于第一、三人稱），如：Shall we go out for a walk?我們出去散步好嗎？在英語中，我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見。(1).用“Lets do.”來提出建議。如：Lets go for a walk after supper.(2).用“What/How about.?”來提出建議；about后接名詞或動詞ing形式。如：What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?(3).用“Why not.?”來提出建議，表示“何不”not面后接動詞原形?！癢hy not.?”實際上是“Why dont you/we.?”的簡略形式。如：Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why dont we stay here another day?(4).用“Would you like.?”來提出建議，意思是“你想要嗎?”Would you like后可接名詞或不定式。如：Would you like a cup of tea?Would you like to go and see her?因此，如果我們說：“去游泳好嗎?”英語中可有這樣幾種表達(dá)法：Shall we go for a swim?Lets go for a swim，shall we?What about/How about going swimming?Why not go for a swim?Would you like to go for a swim?What do you think of going for a swim?8. should的用法：（1）.should意為“應(yīng)該”，可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等。如：We should protect the environment.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。（2）Should have done表示對過去動作的責(zé)備、批評。如：You should have finished your homework.你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。（事實上你沒有完成。）9. will的用法：will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。如：I will help you if Im free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就會幫你。注意：1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式變換。由于“一般將來時”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以用“will+動詞原形”來表示，所以there be句型的一般將來時的形式就是there will be。（一定不能說there will have）例如：There are many students in our school.There will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week.一定不能說：There will have a sports meeting next week.2、will與be going to do something區(qū)別：. be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. be going to含有“計劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will則沒有這個意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.10. had better的用法：had better意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式為：had better not。如：We had better go now.我們最好現(xiàn)在就走。You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把這本書給他?？键c二：含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句的回答:1.對may引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure . No, you cant.2.對must引出的疑問句，回答方式為：Yes, must. No,dont have to.3.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a 你能幫我個忙嗎？Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）4. shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, I will. (No, I wont.)Sure . (Im sorry , I cant.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure.Certainly. (No, thank you .)Yes, please.【例題】Would you do me ass on my thanks to Lily?_.A.Thats right B.With pleasure D.No trouble【解析】A.意為“對了”，B.意為“樂意效勞”, C.意為“沒關(guān)系” D.意為“不費事”。答案：B考點三:不同情態(tài)動詞的否定意義也不同：1.（1）.cant可譯為“不會”，如：I cant play basketball.我不會打籃球。（2）當(dāng)句子表推測時，用cant表達(dá)不可能，如：He cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。（3）cant還可用來回答“ May I ? ”這樣的問句。如：May I come in ? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎？No, you cant.不，你不能。（4）cant還可用于固定習(xí)語中。cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做如：She cant help crying.她不禁大哭起來。The children cant wait to open the box.孩子們迫不及待地想打開盒子。2. may的否定式為may not，譯成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.他也許不在家?？键c四:情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動詞+ be + done (動詞的過去分詞)。做題時要兼顧情態(tài)動詞和被動語態(tài)這兩個方面。She should speak to her mother in that way.她不應(yīng)該用那種方式和媽媽說話。More and more trees must be planted in China.在中國必須種植更多的樹木。Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.很多星星我們都看不到，因為它們離我們太遠(yuǎn)了。考點五:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法:一、“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”表示對現(xiàn)在的推測。1、can表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。如：That man cant be her husbandshe is still single.Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?2、must表示肯定的推測，一般用于肯定句中。如：He must be in his office now.Mr Li must be working now，for the lights in his office are still on.3、might表示推測時不一定是may的過去時，只是表示其可能性較小。如：The man may be the headmaster.Where is Mr Li?He might be working in his office. May Mr Li come?He might not come here.4、Could表示推測時，語氣can比要弱，說話者留有余地。如：Could it be an animal?It could not be，because it is not moving.5、Should表示推測的可能性比較大，僅比must的可能性小一點。如：It is already 10 oclock now they should be there.【情態(tài)動詞易混點歸納】易混點一: can和be able to:兩者表示能力時用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和過去式“could”兩種形式，在其他時態(tài)中要用be able to來表示。另外be able to常常指經(jīng)過努力，花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。如：Jim cant speak English.吉姆不會說英語。He could speak English at 5.他五歲時就會說英語。Well be able to see him next week.下星期我們將會見到他。He has been able to drive.他已經(jīng)會開車了。Im sure youll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我們能在中午到達(dá)山頂。易混點二:can和may1. can和may均可用來征求意見或許可，意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能幫助你嗎？2. can和may表示可能性時的區(qū)別：1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2)在疑問句中表示推測用can，不用might，may，must3)在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。如：She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now?他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒？That cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混點三: may be和maybe 用法區(qū)別 常用位置may be may為情態(tài)動詞，be為動詞原形 句中，作謂語maybe 副詞，大概、也許，相當(dāng)于perhaps 句首，作狀語例如：He may be wrong , but Im not sure.也許他錯了，但我也不確定。易混點四：cant和mustnt1. cant根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為：（1）不會。如：I cant speak English .我不會說英語。（2）不能。如：We cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我們現(xiàn)在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推測。“不可能”，如：The man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.那個人不可能是咱們老師，他年輕得多。2.mustnt 意為“禁止，不許,用來表示命令，表 示強(qiáng)烈的語氣。如： You mustnt play football in the street .Its too dangerous.易混點五：must和have to1.must側(cè)重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。have to側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時、過去時和將來時。如：I know I must study hard.我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。I havent got any money with me, so Ill have to borrow some from my friend.我身上沒帶錢，只好向朋友借點了。He said they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。2. have to可以用于多種時態(tài)；而must只用于一般現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼Ｈ纾篢he composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混點六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing used to do表示過去常常發(fā)生的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去，只用于過去，注意用to do，不用doing形式；而be used to doing意為“習(xí)慣做”，be可有各種時態(tài)；be used to do意為“被使用去做,”為被動語態(tài)形式。be used for doing 用作”如：My father used to eating meat.我父親過去起床晚，但現(xiàn)在不得不早起了。She is used to eating meat.她習(xí)慣吃肉。He wat used to eating in a restaurant.他不習(xí)慣在飯店吃飯。A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用來割東西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用來割東西)單選題 ( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you_.A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent ( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not ( ) 1 -He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt ( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough. A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt ( ) 3 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it _be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( ) 4 He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( ) 5 _ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do ( ) 1 The children_ play football on the road. A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must ( ) 2 You _ be late for school again next time. A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to ( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not( ) 1 His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, _ he? A. did B. didnt C. does D. doesnt ( ) 3 They had to walk here, _ they? A. mustnt B. did C. didnt D. hadnt ( ) 1 He had better stay here, _ he? A. didnt B. dont C. hadnt D. isnt ( ) 2 Youd better_late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be ( ) 3 Youd better _ your hair _ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( ) 4 You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why dont you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, _.A. I will B. I wont C. lean D. I may ( ) 3 -_ I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustnt. You_read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must ( ) 1 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must( ) 2 _ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do ( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, _.A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do ( ) 1 You_ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. have to ( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, _ he? A. need B. neednt C. does D. doesnt ( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first? -No, you_. You may have a rest first. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. cant 參考答案： 1. 1-5 A D A B B2. 1-5 C D B C A3. 1-3 C A A4. 1-3 D B C5. 1-4 C B C C6. 1-3 B A B 7. 1-3 C C C8. 1-3 A D B單選二1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 3. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt 5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 6. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They _ be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 7. I stayed at a hotel while in New York. Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 8. Are you coming to Jeffs party? Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. A. must B. would C. should D. might9. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 10. Is John coming by train? He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 11. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 13. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A. would B. should C. had better D. might 14. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 15. How _ou say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. may 16. I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _ I have a look? Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should情態(tài)動詞練習(xí)參考答案 1. C。ought to / should have+過去分詞表示后悔當(dāng)初該做但卻沒做某事。也許我本該把詳細(xì)地址寫給她的。 2. D。couldnt have+過去分詞表示對過去情況的推測。既然小汽車上已有五人，且是設(shè)法才把你帶去的，如此擁擠，旅途當(dāng)然不可能舒服。 3. C。nearly 暗示時間不早了，Jack按理應(yīng)當(dāng)(should)隨時(at any moment)都有可能到達(dá)這里。must 語氣過強(qiáng)；can 一般不用于肯定推測；need 意義不通，也不用于肯定句。 4. B。mustnt(不許、千萬不)表示禁止。may 表示可能性。句意為你千萬不要玩刀子，可能會弄傷自己的。 5. D。表示過去具體某次能夠做成某事只能用 was / were able to 而不用could。 6. B。should 表示按理應(yīng)當(dāng)，大概。can 一般不用于肯定推測；用 might 語氣太不肯定，顧客可能走掉。 7.A。couldhavedone表示本可以做但卻沒有做的事。句意為你本來可以住在Barbara那兒的；而musthavedone只表示有把握的肯定推測，這與前面具有疑問語氣的Oh,didyou?不符。8.D。語境明顯提示我可能(might)要去聽音樂會。9.B。表示輕微的責(zé)備，句意為我真的好擔(dān)心你啊。你當(dāng)時本不該不說一聲就離開家的。10.D。由他自己喜歡開車這一習(xí)慣推斷，他可能不會(maynot)坐火車來。cannot不可能，語氣太肯定。11.B。can表示可以。should(應(yīng)該),must(必須),will(愿意)均不符合語境。12.D。dare作行為動詞時,一般接todo，但疑問式或否定式中to可以省略，此句有疑問口氣。13.A。would表示過去的習(xí)慣。14.D。在規(guī)章中告誡應(yīng)考者，在收完所有試卷前必須留在教室里。15.A。can在疑問句中，表示疑惑、懷疑，根據(jù)情況可譯作能、可以等。16.B。may表示請求對方允許，即：我可以做嗎? 寫作：你長大了想干什么？請你用英語寫一篇作文，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以下幾方面：1. 你將來想從事的職業(yè)。2. 你想從事這種職業(yè)的原因3. 怎么做才能實現(xiàn)你的理想。1. - Where is Mary?- She _ in the library.A. should be B. must be C. can be D. must have been2. His room is dark. He must _ to bed.A. go B. be going C. have gone D. have been gone3. “Will your father stay home tonight?”“Im not sure, He _to work.”A. must go B. can go C. may be gone D. may be going4. “Where is Tom?”“He isnt here I think he _ have gone home.”A. may B. must C. might D. A or B or C5. “I think Helen is at home.”“ No, she _ be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. darent6. Hes late. What _ have happened to him?A. can B. may C. should D, must7. “ _ he be watching TV now?”“Yes, he _ be watching TV now.”“ No, he _ be watching TV now.”A. Must; can; mustnt B. Can; must; cantC. Must; must; cant D. Can; can; mustnt8. “_. He have left yesterday?”“Yes, he _ yesterday.”“No, he _ yesterday.”A. Must; must have left; cant have left B. Can; can have left; cant have left C. Can; must have left; cant have left D. May; must have left; shouldnt have left9. You must be a writer, _ you?A. mustnt B. are C. must D. arent10. You must have seen her yesterday, _ you?A. mustnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont11. You must have seen her, _ you?A. havent B. didnt C. dont D. A or B12. There was plenty of time. She _ worried or hurried.A. mustnt have B. shouldnt have C. must be D. neednt have13. I got up early, but I _ so because I had no wor