國際貿(mào)易(第六版英文)練習(xí)題

Chapter 1 1 Over the past 40 years A Growth rates of global exports have been negative in most decades B global production has grown more rapidly than global exports C the growth rate of manufacturing exports has been more than that of mining or of agriculture in most periods D the U S has steadily decreased its dependence on international trade 2 The European Union s share in world trade is around A 10 B 30 C 40 D 50 3 As of 2005 the share of primary that is agricultural and mining products in global merchandise exports is about this share has since 1980 A 50 risen B 50 fallen C 25 risen D 25 fallen 4 As of 2005 the top three merchandise exporters were A Germany China and the U S B the U S Switzerland and Canada C Singapore Germany and Japan D Japan Germany and the U S 5 The largest share of U S imports come from A Africa B Asia C NAFTA countries Canada and Mexico D the European Union 6 The leading exporters of commercial services are A Asian countries B Non Asian developing countries C Industrialized countries D The former Soviet Republics the Newly Independent States 7 Over the past 30 years most countries A have come to rely more heavily on international trade B have come to rely less heavily on international trade C Export less than 10 of their GDP D a and c are both correct 8 Considering the 10 countries that had the largest shares in global exports and imports A industrialized countries dominate the list of both leading exporters and leading importers B industrialized countries dominate the list of leading exporters but most of the leading importers are developing countries C developing countries dominate the list of leading exporters but most of the leading importers are industrialized countries D developing countries dominate the list of both leading exporters and leading importers 9 The smallest proportion of U S imports is made up of and a comparatively large proportion of U S exports is made up of A foods feeds and beverages consumer products B foods feeds and beverages non automotive capital goods C consumer products foods feeds and beverages D consumer products automotive vehicles and parts 10 International trade A was practically unheard of in the ancient world B is an increasingly rare phenomenon in today s insular world C was important in the ancient world and is more important than ever today D became common in the twentieth century Chapter 2 答案 CCBDBADCAC 1 Mercantilism refers to a collection of economic philosophies prevalent in the nineteenth century A B an economic philosophy favoring minimalist government C an economic philosophy that encouraged colonialism D all of the above 2 Mercantilists believed A that trade is a positive sum game B in the labor theory of value C countries should maintain a trade surplus D all of the above E b and c 3 To a mercantilist the government should A stay out of the management of the economy B engage in bullionism C encourage importation as this is a sign of national wealth D avoid having colonies as this is a draw on national resources 4 The British Navigation Acts of the eighteenth century A were examples of mercantilist policies B excluded for example Spanish ships from trading with the coastal American colonies C were intended to maximize the flow of specie into Britain D all of the above 5 The observation that over time a trade surplus leads to a net gain in a country s holdings of precious metals A is the inconsistent with mercantilism B is consistent with Hume s price specie flow mechanism C is inconsistent with Hume s price specie flow mechanism D none of the above 6 The notion of absolute advantage A was an important early critique of mercantilism B was original to mercantilist thinking C is central to the price specie flow mechanism D was originally conceptualized by David Hume 7 A laissez faire philosophy implies A a substantial amount of government intervention in the economy B government holdings of gold and silver are the ultimate measures of the size of the economy C that self interest is the path to economic ruin D governments should maintain law and order and protect property rights but not much else 8 The labor theory of value is A the notion that trade can be a positive sum game B the idea that laborers in a mercantilist society should be paid as little as possible C the idea that goods and services can be valued according to their relative labor content D the essence of the quantity theory of money 9 Consider the following table showing labor requirements per unit of production CountryElectronicsPlums Georgia4 hrs unit15 hrs unit Azerbaijan5 hrs unit10 hrs unit According to Adam Smith s way of thinking electronics should be exported by plums should be exported by A Georgia Azerbaijan B Georgia Georgia C Azerbaijan Georgia D Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 10 Consider the following table showing labor requirements per unit of production CountrySteelRice Mongolia16 hrs unit8 hrs unit Korea15 hrs unit4 hrs unit According to Adam Smith A Mongolia has the absolute advantage in steel production B Korea has the absolute advantage in neither steel nor rice production C trade would not be mutually advantageous D rice will not be produced since productivity levels in steel production are substantially higher Chapter3 1 The autarky price ratio A is the price ratio when there is mutually advantageous international trade B must be the same in both countries for trade to be mutually advantageous C is the price ratio when there is no international trade D is the ratio of the price of government produced products in one country to government produced products in the other country 2 A production possibilities frontier A represents combinations of production points that a country is capable of producing given today s resources and technology and assuming all resources are fully employed B represents combinations of products that a country is capable of consuming if it participates in international trade given today s resources and technology and assuming all resources are fully employed C is the single production point at which a country will be in autarky D all of the above E a and c only 3 By following the principle of comparative advantage nations can A avoid the fundamental economic problem of scarcity B reach consumption points outside their production possibilities frontiers C avoid being forced into international trade D none of the above 4 David Ricardo A was a poor but brilliant Italian philosopher B originated the concept of comparative advantage in the early 19th century C originated the concept of comparative advantage in the early 17th century D was a band director on the television show I Love Lucy E a and c are correct The following table shows the hours of labor required to produce one unit of each commodity in each country Use it to answer the next three questions 10 0K 5 has an absolute advantage in the production of radiators has an absolute advantage in the production of mood rings A Trinidad and Tobago Madagascar B Madagascar Trinidad and Tobago C Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago D Madagascar Madagascar 6 In this situation A Trinidad and Tobago will export radiators once trade begins B Trinidad and Tobago will export mood rings once trade begins C Trinidad and Tobago has a comparative advantage in neither commodity D Trade will not occur since pre trade autarky price ratios are identical 7 According to the information in the table A Trinidad and Tobago s pre trade autarky radiators price is 1 radiators 0 83 mood rings B Madagascar will export radiators once trade begins C Trinidad and Tobago will not wish to trade because it is absolutely more efficient at the production of both goods D Madagascar s p