材料英語(yǔ)詞匯范文

材料英語(yǔ)詞匯范文材料英語(yǔ)詞匯范文 專業(yè)詞匯列表晶體結(jié)構(gòu) structure ofcrystal 原子質(zhì)量單位Atomic massunit amu 原子量Atomic weight鍵能Bonding energy共價(jià)鍵Covalent bond電子構(gòu)型electronic configuration正電的Electropositive氫鍵Hydrogen bond同位素Isotope摩爾Mole泡利不相容原理Pauli exclusionprinciple原子atom分子量molecule weight量子數(shù)quantum number范德華鍵van derwaals bond點(diǎn)群point group各向異性anisotropy體心立方結(jié)構(gòu)body centered cubic BCC 布拉格定律bragg s law晶體結(jié)構(gòu)crystal structure晶體的crystalline中子衍射neutron diffraction晶界grain boundary鮑林規(guī)則Pauling s rulesCsCl型結(jié)構(gòu)Caesium Chloridestructure纖鋅礦型結(jié)構(gòu)Wurtzite structure螢石型結(jié)構(gòu)Fluorite structure尖晶石型結(jié)構(gòu)Spinel type structure島狀結(jié)構(gòu)Island structure層狀結(jié)構(gòu)Layer structure滑石talc高嶺石kaolinite長(zhǎng)石feldspar各向同性的isotr opic晶格lattice密勒指數(shù)miller indices多晶的polycrystalline原子數(shù)Atomic number波爾原子模型Bohr atomicmodel庫(kù)侖力Coulombic force分子的構(gòu)型molecular configuration負(fù)電的Electronegative基態(tài)Ground state離子鍵Ionic bond金屬鍵Metallic bond分子Molecule元素周期表Periodic table極性分子Polar molecule價(jià)電子valence electron電子軌道electron orbitals對(duì)稱要素symmetry elements原子堆積因數(shù)atomic packingfactor APF 面心立方結(jié)構(gòu)face centered cubic FCC 配位數(shù)coordination number晶系crystal system衍射diffraction電子衍射electron diffraction六方密堆積hexagonal close packed HCP NaCl型結(jié)構(gòu)NaCl type structure閃鋅礦型結(jié)構(gòu)Blende type structure金紅石型結(jié)構(gòu)Rutile structure鈣鈦礦型結(jié)構(gòu)Perovskite type structure硅酸鹽結(jié)構(gòu)Structure ofsilicates鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu)Chain structure架狀結(jié)構(gòu)Framework structure葉蠟石pyrophyllite石英quartz美橄欖石forsterite各向 異性的anisotropy晶格參數(shù)lattice parameters非結(jié)晶的noncrystalline多晶形polymorphism單晶singl e crystal電位electron states電子electrons金屬鍵metallic bonding極性分子polar molecules衍射角diffraction angle粒度 晶粒大小grain size顯微照相photomicrograph透射電子顯微鏡transmission electronmicroscope TEM 四方的tetragonal配位數(shù)coordination number晶胞unit cell 化合 價(jià)valence共價(jià)鍵covalent bonding離子鍵Ionic bonding原子面密度atomic planardensity合金alloy顯微結(jié)構(gòu)microstructure掃描電子顯微鏡s canning electronmicroscope SEM 重量百分?jǐn)?shù)weight percent單斜的monoclinic晶體結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷 defect ofcrystal structure 缺陷defect imperfection線缺陷line defect dislocation體缺陷volume defect位錯(cuò)線dislocation line螺位錯(cuò)screw dislocation晶界grain boundaries小角度晶界tilt boundary 位錯(cuò)陣列dislocation array位錯(cuò)軸dislocation axis位錯(cuò)爬移dislocation climb位錯(cuò)滑移dislocation slip位錯(cuò)裂紋dislocation crack位錯(cuò)密度dislocation density間隙原子interstitial atom間隙位置interstitial sites弗倫克爾缺陷Frenkel disorder主晶相the hostlattice締合中心Associated Centers 電子空穴Electron Holes克羅各 明克符號(hào)Kroger Vinknotation固溶體solid solution化合物pound置換固溶體substitutional solid solution不混溶固溶體immiscible solidsolution有序固溶體ordered solidsolution固溶強(qiáng)化solidsolutionstrengthening點(diǎn)缺陷point defect面缺陷interface defect位錯(cuò)排列dislocation arrangement刃位錯(cuò)edge dislocation混合位錯(cuò)mixed dislocation大角度晶界high angle grainboundaries孿晶界twin boundaries位錯(cuò)氣團(tuán)dislocation atmosphere位錯(cuò)胞dislocation cell位錯(cuò)聚結(jié)dislocation coalescence位錯(cuò)核心能量dislocation coreenergy位錯(cuò)阻尼dislocation damping原子錯(cuò)位substitution ofa wrongatom晶格空位vacant latticesites雜質(zhì)impurities肖脫基缺陷Schottky disorder錯(cuò)位原子misplaced atoms自由電子Free Electrons伯格斯矢量Burgers中性原子neutral atom固溶度solid solubility間隙固溶體interstitial solidsolution金屬間化合物intermetallics轉(zhuǎn)熔型固溶體peritect ic solidsolution無(wú)序固溶體disordered solidsolution取代型固溶體Substitutional solidsolutions過飽和固溶體supersaturated solidsolution非化學(xué)計(jì)量化合物Nonstoichiometric pound表面結(jié)構(gòu)與性質(zhì) structure andproperty ofsurface 表面surface同相界面homophase boundary晶界grain boundary小角度晶界low anglegrain boundary共格孿晶界coherent twinboundary錯(cuò)配度mismatch重構(gòu)reconstuction表面能surface energy扭轉(zhuǎn)晶界twist grain boundary共格界面coherent boundary非共格界面noncoherent boundary應(yīng)變能strain energy慣習(xí)面habit plane界面interface異相界面heterophase boundary表面能surface energy大角度晶界high anglegrain boundary晶界遷移grain boundarymigration馳豫relaxation表面吸附surface adsorption傾轉(zhuǎn)晶界titlt grainboundary倒易密度reciprocal density半共格界面semi coherent boundary界面能interfacial free energy晶體學(xué)取向關(guān)系crystallographic orientation非晶態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)與性質(zhì) structure andproperty ofuncrystalline 熔體結(jié)構(gòu)structure ofmelt玻璃態(tài)vitreous state粘度viscosity介穩(wěn)態(tài)過渡相metastable phase淬火quenching玻璃分相phase separationin glasses過冷液體supercooling melt軟化溫度softening temperature表面張力Surface tension組織constitution退火的softened體積收縮volume shrinkage擴(kuò)散 diffusion 活化能activation energy濃度梯度concentration gradient菲克第二定律Fick s secondlaw穩(wěn)態(tài)擴(kuò)散steady state diffusion擴(kuò)散系數(shù)diffusion coefficient填隙機(jī)制interstitalcy mechanism短路擴(kuò)散short circuit diffusion下坡擴(kuò)散Downhill diffusion擴(kuò)散通量diffusion flux菲克第一定律Fick s firstlaw相關(guān)因子correlation factor非穩(wěn)態(tài)擴(kuò)散nonsteady statediffusion跳動(dòng)幾率jump frequency晶界擴(kuò)散grainboundarydiffusion上坡擴(kuò)散uphill diffusion互擴(kuò)散系數(shù)Mutual diffusion滲碳劑carburizing濃度分布曲線concentration profile驅(qū)動(dòng)力driving force自擴(kuò)散self diffusion空位擴(kuò)散vacancy diffusion擴(kuò)散方程diffusion equation擴(kuò)散特性diffusion property達(dá)肯方程Dark equation本征熱缺陷Intrinsic thermaldefect離子電導(dǎo)率Ion conductivity濃度梯度concentration gradient擴(kuò)散流量diffusion flux間隙擴(kuò)散interstitial diffusion表面擴(kuò)散surface diffusion擴(kuò)散偶diffusion couple擴(kuò)散機(jī)理diffusion mechanism無(wú)規(guī)行走Random walk柯肯達(dá)爾效應(yīng)Kirkendall equation本征擴(kuò)散系數(shù)Intrinsic diffusioncoefficient空位機(jī)制Vacancy concentration腐蝕與氧化 corroding andoxidation 氧化反應(yīng)Oxidation reaction還原反應(yīng)Reduction reaction價(jià)電子Valence electron腐蝕介質(zhì)Corroding solution電動(dòng)勢(shì)Electric potential推動(dòng)力The drivingforce腐蝕系統(tǒng)Corroding system腐蝕速度Corrosion perationrate電流密度Current density電化學(xué)反應(yīng)Electrochemical reaction極化作用Polarization過電位The overvoltage濃差極化Concentration polarization電化學(xué)極化Activation polarization極化曲線Polarization curve緩蝕劑Inhibitor原電池galvanic cell電偶腐蝕galvanic corrosion電位序galvanic series應(yīng)力腐蝕Stress corrosion沖蝕Erosion corrosion腐蝕短裂Corrosion cracking防腐劑Corrosion remover腐蝕電極Corrosion target隙間腐蝕Crevice corrosion均勻腐蝕Uniform attack晶間腐蝕Intergranular corrosion焊縫破壞Weld decay選擇性析出Selective leaching氫脆損壞Hydrogen embitterment陰極保護(hù)Catholic protection穿晶斷裂Intergranular fracture固相反應(yīng)和燒結(jié) solid statereaction andsintering 固相反應(yīng)solid statereaction燒成fire再結(jié)晶Recrystallization成核nucleation 子晶 雛晶matted crystal異質(zhì)核化heterogeneous nucleation鐵碳合金iron carbon alloy鐵素體ferrite共晶反應(yīng)eutectic reaction燒結(jié)sintering合金alloy二次再結(jié)晶Secondary recrystallization結(jié)晶crystallization耔晶取向seed orientation均勻化熱處理homogenization heattreatment滲碳體cementite奧氏體austenite固溶處理solution heattreatment相變 phase transformation 過冷supercooling晶核nucleus形核功nucleation energy均勻形核homogeneous nucleation形核率nucleation rate熱力學(xué)函數(shù)thermodynamics function臨界晶核critical nucleus枝晶偏析dendritic segregation平衡分配系數(shù)equilibrium distributioncoefficient成分過冷constitutional supercooling共晶組織eutectic structure偽共晶pseudoeutectic表面等軸晶區(qū)chill zone中心等軸晶區(qū)equiaxed crystalzone急冷技術(shù)splatcooling單晶提拉法Czochralski method位錯(cuò)形核dislocation nucleation斯賓那多分解spinodal deposition馬氏體相變martensite phasetransformation成核機(jī)理nucleation mechanism過冷度degree ofsupercooling形核nucleation晶體長(zhǎng)大crystal growth非均勻形核heterogeneous nucleation長(zhǎng)大速率growth rate臨界晶核半徑critical nucleusradius局部平衡localized equilibrium有效分配系數(shù)effective distributioncoefficient引領(lǐng) 領(lǐng)先 相l(xiāng)eading phase層狀共晶體lamellar eutectic離異共晶divorsed eutectic柱狀晶區(qū)columnar zone定向凝固unidirectional solidification區(qū)域提純zone refining晶界形核boundary nucleation晶核長(zhǎng)大nuclei growth有序無(wú)序轉(zhuǎn)變disordered order transition馬氏體martensite成核勢(shì)壘nucleation barrier相平衡與相圖 Phase equilibriumand Phasediagrams 相圖phase diagrams組分ponent相律Phase rule濃度三角形Concentration triangle成分position相平衡phase equilibrium熱力學(xué)thermodynamics吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule吉布斯自由能Gibbs freeenergy吉布斯熵Gibbs entropy熱力學(xué)函數(shù)thermodynamics function過冷supercooling杠桿定律lever rule相界線phase boundaryline共軛線conjugate lines相界反應(yīng)phase boundaryreaction相組成phase position金相相組織pha