高中語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題.doc

有關(guān)turn的常用短語：turn down 關(guān)小，調(diào)低 turn in 交出，上交turn off 關(guān) turn on 開turn out 結(jié)果是 turn over仔細(xì)考慮；翻轉(zhuǎn)turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于 turn up 調(diào)大；出面，出席1. take after (不用進(jìn)行式) -to look or behave like (an older relative) 長相或舉止像(某個(gè)長輩) 2. take apart (1) to separate (a small machine, clock, etc.) into pieces 把(小型機(jī)器、鐘表等)拆開;拆散 (2) to defeat very severely in a sport or game (在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)或比賽中)把徹底打敗;speak angrily to or criticize severely 對苛求;嚴(yán)厲批評 3. take as 看作,認(rèn)為 4. take away 拿走;使停學(xué),使離開;使消失;減去 take away from -to lessen the effect or value of (something good or desirable) 貶低(有益或令人滿意之事物)的作用 5. take back (1) to admit that one was wrong in (what one said) 承認(rèn)說錯(cuò)了(話),收回(諾言,話語) (2) to cause to remember or think about a past time 使回憶起 (3) 送回,還回去;退(貨) 6. take down (1) 拿下,取下;記下來;褪下(褲子等穿于腰以下的衣物) (2) to separate (a large machine or article) into pieces esp. in order to repair it or move it (尤指為了修理或搬移而)把(大型機(jī)器或大物件)拆成零部件;把拆卸開 7. take in (1) to receive into ones home; provide lodgings for (a person) 接待(某人)留宿 (2) to deceive 欺瞞,欺騙 (3) to understand fully; grasp 充分理解,掌握 (4) to make (clothes) narrow 把(衣服)改窄 (5) to include 包含,包括 8. take off (1) to remove (esp. clothes) 脫下,脫去(尤指衣服); 解(拿)掉 - put on (反義詞) (2) (of a plane, etc) to rise into the air at the beginning of a flight (飛機(jī)等)升空,起飛 (3) to have a holiday from work on (the stated day) or for (the stated period) 在(某日或某段時(shí)間)休假;歇(天)假; 請假 (4) to begin to become successful, popular, or well-known 開始有成就;開始受歡迎;開始成名 (5) 打折扣 (6) to copy the speech or manners of (someone), esp. for amusement(尤指為了逗笑而) 模仿 (某人)的談吐、舉止等 9. take on (1) to start to employ 開始雇用 (2) to begin to have (a quality of appearance) 開始具有/ 呈現(xiàn)(某種品質(zhì)、面貌等); 露出 (3) to accept (work, responsibility, etc.) 接受(工作等);承擔(dān)(責(zé)任等) (4) to start a quarrel or fight with 開始和爭吵(斗毆、作對、較量等) (5) 讓上車,接受乘客 10. take out (1) to go somewhere with (a person) as a social activity 帶(某人)去(某處參加社交活動(dòng)等) (2) to obtain officially 正式取得,領(lǐng)得,獲得 (3) 洗去(污跡),使褪色 take someone out of himself / herself 使(某人)從(失意、不愉快等)中解脫出來,給(某人)消愁 take sth out on sb 向發(fā)泄(情緒);拿出氣 11. take over -to gain control over and responsibility for (something)接手,接任;接管 12. take to (1) to feel a liking for, esp. at once (尤指立刻)對產(chǎn)生好感,喜歡上 (2) to begin as a practice, habit, etc. 染上習(xí)慣(嗜好等) (3) to go to for rest, hiding, escape, etc. 到(某處)休息;到躲藏;逃往 13. take up (1) to begin to spend time doing; interest oneself in 開始花時(shí)間從事(某項(xiàng)活動(dòng));對產(chǎn)生興趣; 開始學(xué)習(xí)(某課程),選修 (2) (of things or events) to fill or use (space or time) (事物或事件)占用了(時(shí)間或空間) (3) to accept the offer of 接受的建議 (4) to continue 繼續(xù) take up with 和(某人,尤指討厭的人)來往 be taken up with - be very busy with 忙于; 喜歡 14. be taken ill 病倒了,生病了 15. take a chance 碰碰運(yùn)氣,冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 16. take a deep/ long breath 深吸一口氣(以鼓起勇氣或仔細(xì)考慮) 17. take a fancy / liking (dislike) to 喜歡(不喜歡) 18. take a hand in 干預(yù) 19. take a load / weight off sbs mind 使放心/ 安心 20. take a risk / risks 冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 21. take a seat 坐下 22. take a vote 投票表決 23. take an interest in 對有興趣 24. take steps /measures to do 采取措施做某事 25. take action (on) (對)采取措施 26. take advantage of 利用;占的便宜, 不正當(dāng)?shù)乩?27. take aim 瞄準(zhǔn) 28. take by 握住(某處); 拉住 29. take .by surprise 奇襲;出其不意做某事, 使驚奇 30. take care 當(dāng)心 31. take care of 照顧,料理;處理,對付;當(dāng)心 32. take charge of 負(fù)責(zé),接管 33. take cold 感冒,傷風(fēng) 34. take control of 控制住,管住 35. take delight / pleasure in 以為樂;喜歡 36. take effect 開始起作用;生效 37. take for / to be (錯(cuò))當(dāng)作,以為是 38. take .for granted 想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為(會(huì)是某種情況),認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的;認(rèn)為沒有問題 39. take .for instance / example 以為例 40. take hold of 抓住;吸引住 41. take .into account / consideration 考慮到,把考慮進(jìn)去 42. take it / things easy 慢慢地,不要過于緊張/ 勞累 43. take it or leave it 要不要都行;要么要要么不要,不要還價(jià) 44. take note (of) 注意 45. take notice (of) 注意;理會(huì) 46. take notes 作記錄;記筆記 47. take / come into office 就職,上任 48. take ones breath away 令人驚異,嘆為觀止 49. take ones chance(s) 碰碰自己的運(yùn)氣 50. take ones time 慢慢來,從容不迫 51. take pains 特別注意 / 努力,下工夫 52. take (the) trouble 費(fèi)事,下工夫 53. take pare (in) 參加,參與 54. take pity on / upon 可憐,憐憫 55. take place 發(fā)生,舉行 56. take pride in / be proud of 為感到自豪/ 驕傲 57. take revenge on 向.報(bào)復(fù) 58. take ones place 代替某人 59. take the long view 看得遠(yuǎn)一些 60. take the opportunity 利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì) 61. take turns 輪流(做某事) 1.it作人稱代詞1.1.it的最基本用法是作人稱代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù):Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it?1.2.也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子):Is this your dog？No, it isnt.1.3.也可指抽象事物:It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that2.非人稱代詞itit有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等，稱為非人稱的it：2.1.指天氣：It is a lovely day, isnt it?It is a bit windy.2.2.指時(shí)間:It was nearly midnight when she came back.2.3.指環(huán)境:It was very quiet in the caf.2.4.指距離：It is half an hours walk to the city centre. 3.it的其他用法3.1.表示誰在做某事的句子：Who is it? -Its me.Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 3.2.用來泛泛的指某件事：So you are going to be married this time？When is it？It doesnt matter.It is a shame, isnt it?it的重要句型1. It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無缺的句子；這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語直到才，可以說是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that . 該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型；由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported， learned.) that . 該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以?。怀Ｗg為據(jù)建議；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為竟然。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！ 8. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是 常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省，常譯為是（正是）的時(shí)侯 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來，該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)，。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換常譯為是第一（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10. It is . since .。 該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題，主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is . when .。 該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)，常譯為當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間， 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語，常譯為之后。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that. 該句型中it是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen ， seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來 14. It takes sb. . to do sth. 該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)間，常譯為做要花費(fèi)某人。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 該句型中whether(if) 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。It doesnt matter if they are old. 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。 常見的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教養(yǎng)的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。 常見的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等。 =在中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. 19. It looks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中it無意義， as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，看起來好象如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生?。?It seemed as if he were dying. 20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的it 作形式賓語，為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為6123結(jié)構(gòu)。 6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel； 1指的是形式賓語it； 2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞； 3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.it 練習(xí)題1. It was 8 oclock_ it began to rain .A that B while C when D since2. It was at 8 oclock_ it began to rain .A that B while C when D since3. It was in the hall _ we have dinner _ we had a dancing party .A wherethat B thatwhere C wherewhich D whichwhere4. It is only when you nearly lose someone _ you fully realize how much you value him .A do B then C that D that will5. It will be a long time _ Frank _ back from abroad .A beforecomes B sincehas come C whenwill come D afterwill6. Can it be in the classroom _ you left your keys?A that B where C when D in which7. Jack: Its a long time _ I saw you last . Tom: Yes , and it will be a long time _ we meet again .A that.until B sincebefore C whenthat D beforesince8. It was at the school _ was named after a hero _ he spent his childhood.A whichthat B wherewhere C thatwhere D whichwhere9. Scientists say that it may be five to ten years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patientsA since B before C after D when10. It is the first time that the professor has been to the united States _?A isnt he B hasnt he C isnt it D hasnt it11. It was _ who cheated her out of money.A his B him C them D they12. How long is it _ you became a member of the golf club ?A since B before C when D that13. Its time we _ wasting our time doing nothing.A will stop B stopped C are going to stop D must stop14. It was long _ the new canal was dug to link the two rivers .A when B that C before D as15. It was for the first time in my life _I _ given such a beautiful present.A sincewas B thatwas C thathad been D beforewas16. How long is it _ the class_?A whenbegins B whenbegan C sincehad began D sincebegan17. It is not what you expert to receive but what you are ready to give _ counts in love .A which B what C that D it18. _it is (that) youve found ,you must give it back to the person it belong to .A That B What C Whatever D However19. Where _ you saw him last week ?A was it B was that C was D that was 參考答案1-19 CAACA,ABABC,DABCB,DCCA IT用法測試性評價(jià)練習(xí)題I、Choosethebestanswers1.Is_necessarytothedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_didnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it4._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It5.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_?A.itB.thoseC.oneD.them6.-Whydontyoutakealittlebreak? -Dontwejusthave_.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it7.Idontthink_peopletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it8.-Hewasnearlydrownedonce.-Whenwas_?-_wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This9.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethatwehadexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it10.Was_thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself11.Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasitoffersagreat_ofgoods.A.varietyB.mixtureC.extensionD.combination12.Itwasonlywiththehelpofthelocalguide_.A.wasthemountainclimberwasrescuedB.thatthemountainclimberwasrescuedB.whenthemountainclimberwasrescuedD.thenthemountainclimberwasrescued13._isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.ASC.ThatD.What14.Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess._youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat15.Itwas_backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidntgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidntgoII.Completethesentences1._(已經(jīng)有三年了)sincehisfatherpassedaway.2._(不久)thepolicearrived.3._(已經(jīng)八點(diǎn)了)whenhegothome.4._(應(yīng)該的時(shí)候了)shewrotealettertoherboyfriend.5._(這是第一次)thattheseEuropeanshavevisitedtheGreatWall.KeyssuggestedKeys:15CBDDC6-10CDABA11-15ABBAC1.Itis/hasbeenthreeyears2.Itwasnotlongbefore3.Itwasalreadyeightoclock4.Itis(high)timethat5.Itisth定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.A. all which B. thatC. all that D. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry.A. which B. it C. that D. what13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.A. who is singing B. is singingC. sang D. was singing15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. that againsts B. that againstC. who is against D. who are against17. Didnt you see the man _?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked