模塊一語(yǔ)法學(xué)案.doc

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)案 2009-02-18 設(shè)計(jì)人：任俊敏 審核人：_ 目標(biāo): 1、掌握以下單詞的音、形、意和用法：sign( v.) agreement2、掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)、意義和用法。3、掌握主謂一致原則及其應(yīng)用。Grammar1 Passive Voice（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）任務(wù)1：任務(wù)2： Read the following sentences carefully and try to find out the structure of the Passive Voice ( 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu))1 Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.2 The Sagrada Familia was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.3 Florence s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci.4 Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilization.5 The Parthenon was built during this project.小組結(jié)論：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+（ ）+ by sb.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+（ ）+ by sb.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+（ ）+ by sb.注意：有時(shí) “get/got + 過(guò)去分詞”也可表示被動(dòng)的意義，但著重表示動(dòng)作。例如 The window was broken .= The window got broken.任務(wù)3： Finish off exercise 2 and 3 on Page 5.任務(wù)4： Read the sentences carefully and discuss in groups . 1.主動(dòng)：They made the children work 12 hours every day in the past. 被動(dòng)：The children were made to work 12 hours every day in the past. 2.主動(dòng)：Someone saw him go into the hall. 被動(dòng)：He was seen to go into the hall by someone.3.主動(dòng)：We heard her sing in the classroom. 被動(dòng)：She _ in the classroom. 小組結(jié)論：在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中某些感官動(dòng)詞和使令動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形做賓補(bǔ),但是變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，需要把原形變成_. 這些動(dòng)詞有：_ _ Grammar 2 Subject and verb agreement ( 主謂一致) 任務(wù)1：Read the following sentences carefully and discuss.1. My family lives in Cardiff.2. Our soccer team is fantastic.3. The whole class is here.4. His family are all fond of music.5. Our class have finished the assignment.6. The team have all forgot the meeting小組結(jié)論：family , team, class, group, government, school, union這些集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于語(yǔ)義。在例句1、2、3、中它們表示集體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_ , 在例4、5、6中family 和class、team 表示成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_ . eg.The Valencia soccer team _ in a large stadium. ( play) Carlos class _ a meeting. ( have) Amy _ in London but her family _ in Cardiff. (live) 任務(wù)2：Discuss and choose the correct answers： 1)Neither Amy nor Helen is / are English . 2)Not only he but also I love /loves the story. 3)Either you or she is /are to go . 4)Not my father but my mother cook / cooks the meal every day. 5)Today or tomorrow is / are OK. 6)There is /are a pen and three books on the desk. 小組結(jié)論：在主謂一致原則中，就近原則指的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)由靠近它的主語(yǔ)決定。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有，請(qǐng)總結(jié)： _ _ _ _ _ _ 任務(wù)3：Discuss and choose the correct answers： 1)Neither of them is / are English. 2)No one of them has / have arrived. 3)Each country in the United Kingdom has / have a capital city. 4)Each of them has / have a capital city. 5)Somebody is /are using the phone. 小組結(jié)論：在主謂一致原則中，不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)，這些詞有：neither , either, each , one, the other ,another, someone / somebody / something, anyone / anybody / anything, everyone /everybody/everything, no one /nobody / nothing 任務(wù)4：Discuss and choose the correct answers： Both is /are teachers. Both of the two countries is / are located in Europe. All the students has /have been there. All need now is / are water. 小組結(jié)論：在主謂一致原則中，還應(yīng)遵循意義一致原則 Fill in the blanks with the proper forms.1. All of them _ in the same city at the moment. ( live )2. All of them _ the same country. ( come ) 3. None of them _ Spanish. ( speak ) 4. Neither of the girls _ from England. ( come ) 任務(wù)5：Correct the mistakes and discuss.( 改錯(cuò)) 1Ten miles arent a long distance. 2I have to wait for him for another two days .They are too long. 3A library with five thousand books have been put up. 4Tom as well as Mary and Alice are going to swim this afternoon. 5The whole family except Tom has finished lunch. 6What to do and how are still a problem. 7. Seeing are believing .小組結(jié)論：在主謂一致原則中，1、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是時(shí)間、距離和路程時(shí)，雖然形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，比如例1、22、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如上面的例6、73、若主語(yǔ)后面有with , together with , as well as , besides（除了）, including（包括） , like（像）, but, except 等介詞/介詞短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍和主語(yǔ)保持一致。如上面例3、4、5任務(wù)6： Fill in the blanks with the proper forms.4. All of them _ in the same city at the moment. ( live )5. All of them _ the same country. ( come ) 6. None of them _ Spanish. ( speak ) 7. Neither of the girls _ from England. ( come ) 任務(wù)7 : Rewrite the sentences using neither, none or each.（見(jiàn)課本）練一練1. None _ (be ) willing to miss her lecture. 2. None of them _ ( have ) a camera. 3. Each of the boys _ ( have ) a room to himself. 4. Neither of the examples _ ( explain ) it well. 5. Neither the students nor their teachers _ ( be ) here. 6. Neither of the two girls _ ( be ) from England. 7. Is there any call for me today? Sorry , there _ ( be) none. 8. So many students are doing it . None _ ( think) it impossible. 9. Neither they nor he _ ( be ) to blame. 10. Two students are known from America. Each _ ( speak )American English.Bad Morning倒霉的上午 Bill almost didnt get to work this morning. As he was leaving his apartment building, he was hit on the head by a flowerpot which had been put on a window sill by one of his neighbors. As he was running to the bus stop, he was bitten by a dog. While he was waiting for the bus, he was almost run over by a truck. While he was riding on the bus, his wallet was stolen. All his money and identi