人教版 必修六 Unit2 PoemsGrammar課件（共75張PPT）.ppt

grammar 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if非真實(shí)條件從句中的運(yùn)用 subjunctivemood 1 二 在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種形式 一 由if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 三 在一些固定的句型中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 一 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法 條件從句 if從句的結(jié)構(gòu) 主句的結(jié)構(gòu) 表現(xiàn)在 表過(guò)去 表將來(lái) 用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式v ed be動(dòng)詞用were would could should might v原形 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)had p p 動(dòng)詞分詞 would could should might have p p 1 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式 be動(dòng)詞用were would could should might v原形 2 should v原形3 wereto v原形 1 ifwe sooner wemighthavegotthere a startedb hadstartedc wouldhavestartedd start2 ifhe thedetectivehonestly hewouldnothavebeenarrested a wouldhaveansweredb answeredc shouldanswerd hadanswered 3 ifyou seemrgreen givehimmyregards shouldb wouldc shalld will4 ifyou toseemary whatwouldyoutellher areb willbegoingc mustd were 5 ifhe notcometomorrow we themeetingtillnextmonday a were willputoffb should wouldputoffc doesn t wouldhaveputoffd did wouldhaveputoff6 ididn tseeyousisteratthemeeting ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother a hascomeb didcomec camed hadcome 她要是再年輕點(diǎn) 就會(huì)干的 weresheyounger shewoulddoit 注意 把should were had 如果 假如 要是 三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞放在句首 把if省略進(jìn)行倒裝 ifshewereyounger shewould 2 if條件句的虛擬倒裝 ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 3 含蓄條件句 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中 有時(shí)沒(méi)有明顯的條件句子 而是通過(guò)一些詞語(yǔ) 短語(yǔ)等暗示 ifonly 要是 就好了butfor要不是 的話without沒(méi)有 的話otherwise or否則 4 錯(cuò)綜混合時(shí)間條件句 有些條件句中的主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致 要根據(jù)情況靈活運(yùn)用 ifiwereyou iwouldn thavemissedthemovielastnight ifyouhadlistenedtome youwouldn tbeinsuchtroublenow iftheyhadlefthomeearly theywouldarriveinhalfanhour 現(xiàn)在過(guò)去 過(guò)去現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去將來(lái) grammar 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用 subjunctivemood 2 主語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 一 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法 二 wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句 三 表命令 建議 請(qǐng)求 要求 order suggest insist advise demand等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句 一 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法 在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 但愿 一 在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種形式的結(jié)構(gòu) 1 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望 3 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望 2 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望 一 wish在賓語(yǔ)從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型 1 wish的賓語(yǔ)從句 現(xiàn)在 用過(guò)去時(shí) were v ed 過(guò)去 用過(guò)去完成時(shí) had p p 未來(lái) 用would could might v 注意 二 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法 iwishihadacar iwishihadfinishedthework iwishiwouldgo iwishiwereastallasyaoming 1 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬 iwishiwereabird iwishiflewlikeabird iwishitwerespringinmyhometownalltheyeararound iwisheverydayweremybirthday be動(dòng)詞一般用were 行為動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的愿望 iwish wishedihadn teatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬 thepartywasterrible iwishihadnevergonethere had p p 過(guò)去分詞 2 表示對(duì)過(guò)去的愿望 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí) 表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生 表達(dá)了說(shuō)話人遺憾的心情或過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 有時(shí)用would have 過(guò)去分詞 iwishitwouldraintomorrow 3 表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬 shewishesshecouldgotothemoonsomeday iwishyouwouldn tsmokeanymore iwishhecouldcometomorrow shesincerelywishedthatshemightdosomethingtocomforthim would could might 動(dòng)詞原形 3 表示對(duì)將來(lái)的愿望 wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 表達(dá)將來(lái)的愿望 難以實(shí)現(xiàn) 但有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能 iwish 主語(yǔ) 一 wish在賓語(yǔ)從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型 1 wish的賓語(yǔ)從句 表現(xiàn)在 用過(guò)去式v ed be動(dòng)詞用were 表過(guò)去 用過(guò)去完成時(shí) had p p 表將來(lái) 用would could might v原形 1 iwishiwereabird 2 iwishihadn tmadesuchamistake 3 iwishhecouldcometomorrow 現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 將來(lái) 1 iwishi youyesterday aseenbdidseechadseendweretosee2 iwishi tothemoonsomeday aflybcouldflycflieddwillfly3 iwishi acar ahadbhavechasdwill hope與wish都表示希望如何 但hope表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大 它后面的從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 而用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)與過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái)有關(guān)的愿望 ihopeyousaidsorrytoyourboss ihopeyouweren tlate ihopeyouareanexcellentstudent ihopeshewillbeveryhappy ihopehecomestomorrow 2 在wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句有兩種虛擬 表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況用過(guò)去式 表示過(guò)去的情況用過(guò)去完成時(shí) iwouldratheryoudidn ttellmethetruth iwouldratheritwerespringnow iwouldratheryouhadnotseenmeyesterday wouldrather在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法 1 iwouldratheryou menow 2 iwouldratheryou toojustnow 3 don tcome iwouldratheryou tomorrow paid hadgone came 2 寧愿 wouldrather 賓語(yǔ) 虛擬 表現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái) 表過(guò)去 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)v edbe用were 過(guò)去完成時(shí)had p p 3 表示要求 命令 建議等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬 常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 insist兩個(gè)命令 order command三個(gè)建議 advise suggest propose四個(gè)要求 demand require request desire 結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)從句用 should v原形should可省略 prefer寧愿 isuggestthatwe should startthemeetingatonce theundergraduateinsistedthathe should gotoworkinthesouth thedoctororderedthatshe should stayinbedforafewdays theheadmasterrequeststhatallthestudents should bequietathalfpastelevenatnight 1 我們建議tom去休息一下 wesuggestedthattom should havearest 2 他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng) heinsistedthati should bepresent isuggestthatwe should holdameetingnextweek heinsistedthathe should besentthere suggest表示 建議 insist表示或 堅(jiān)持要求某人做某事時(shí) 從句動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 如果suggest表示 暗示 表明 insist 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 時(shí) 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣 要用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài) 注意 hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedmydecision heinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesisgoodforpeople shealth 表明 暗示 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 herpalefacesuggestedthatshewasill 表明 暗示 heinsiststhathedoestherightthing 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce obey was besent 堅(jiān)持要求 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 3 hesuggestedthatwe have ameetingatonce 4 hispalefacesuggestedthathe be ill have was 建議 暗示 表明 1 theteacherrequiredthatnoone lateforclass a beb mustbec shouldhavebeend was 2 galileoinsistedthattheearth roundthesun a shouldmoveb movec movesd ismoving3 imissedthefilmlastnight oh whatapity iwishyou anotherchance a hadhadb wouldhavec willhaved wouldhavehad 4 iwishi myuncleyesterday a hadmetb wouldmeetc metd havemet 5 sheinsistedthatshe goshoppingtogetherwithme a wouldb shouldc couldd might 6 professorsmithsuggestedthatwe wastetimediscussingtheproblemoflittleimportance a wouldn tb shouldc couldn td not 7 shallitellthemthenews no iwouldratherthey know a don tb didn tc won td wouldn t 8 itoldhimabouttheaccident iwouldratheryou himaboutit a wouldn ttell b shouldn t c hadn ttold d didn ttell 9 mayicomefordinnertoday iwouldratheryou tomorrow a cameb wouldcomec hadcomed willcome 10 i mastudentnow butiwishi asuperstarlikejordan a beb amc becomed were 1 asif asthough引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句用虛擬 動(dòng)詞look appear feel taste asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句多用虛擬 helooksasifheweredrunk helooksasifhewereaforeigner itlooksasifitmightrain 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)從句 二 表語(yǔ)從句用虛擬 表語(yǔ)從句asif though 現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 過(guò)去時(shí) be用were 過(guò)去完成時(shí)had p p 將來(lái) would might could v原形 2 表決定 主張 要求 建議 命令的名詞 系動(dòng)詞 is are等 that從句 表語(yǔ)從句 mysuggestionisthatwe should getstartednow hisadviceisthatyou should quitsmoking 這類名詞有 建議 advice suggestion proposal 要求 demand requirement 命令 order commamd 請(qǐng)求 request 決定 decision 心愿 desire theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson 方式狀語(yǔ) 方式狀語(yǔ) 三 asif asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句用虛擬 有現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 過(guò)去情況 表現(xiàn)在情況 表過(guò)去情況 hebehavesasifheownedthehouse 表現(xiàn)在情況 shetalksaboutromeasthoughshehadbeentherehimself talked 表過(guò)去情況 他那樣對(duì)待我 好像我式陌生人似的 hetreatsmeasifiwereastranger 表現(xiàn)在情況 由asif asthough 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句 1 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái)的情況 asif從句用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 be用were 2 表過(guò)去情況 asif從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí) had 過(guò)去分詞 asif though狀語(yǔ)從句 表現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)情況 用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) be用were 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)have p p 表過(guò)去的情況 四 主語(yǔ)從句用虛擬 1 it snecessary strange natural important that主語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬 should 動(dòng)詞原形 2 it s suggested ordered requested that主語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬 should 動(dòng)詞原形 3 it s 名詞 that主語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬 apity should 動(dòng)詞原形 表命令 請(qǐng)求 建議的過(guò)去分詞 should可省略 itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty it snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard it ssuggestedthatweshouldgoatonce it sapitythatheshouldbesocareless hegavetheorderthatwe thereontime 五 同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬 a beb arec hadbeend willbe 通常是抽象名詞 that從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 用虛擬 表建議suggestion proposal命令order 請(qǐng)求request 要求demand等名詞 should v原形 should可以省略 weareallforyourproposalthatdiscussion a beputoffb wasputoffc shouldputoffd istoputoff are for 六 固定句型用虛擬 定語(yǔ)從句 it s about high time that should v 過(guò)去時(shí) 你該走了 我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyoushouldgo it sabouttimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed should不能省略 exercisesii 1 haveyouvisitedthesciencemuseum no butireallywishi a hadb didc haved will 2 hedemandedthattheclassroom atonce a shouldcleanb cleanc shouldhavebeencleanedd becleaned 3 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken4 jane sfacesuggestedthatshe ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe amedicalexamination a be shouldhaveb was havec shouldbe hadd was has 5 thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey friendsforyears a shouldbeb wouldbec havebeend hadbeen6 iwishi themeetinglastweek a couldattendb attendedc haveattendedd couldhaveattended 7 mysuggestionisthatwe thesportsmet a wouldputoffb shouldputoffc puttedoffd beputoff8 itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater cleaner a shouldbemadeb ismadec wouldbemaded wasmade 9 don tcomethisafternoon i dratheryou tomorrow a comeb tocomec camed willcome10 theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment before6 a wasfinishedb willfinishc befinishedd shallbefinished multiplechoices ifi plantodoanythingiwantedto i dliketogototibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossiblewouldb couldc hadtod oughtto 3 ifmaryhadnotbeenbadlyhurtinacaraccident lastmonth smarathonrace a shewouldhavetakenpartinb shewouldtakepartinc shemighttakepartind shemusthavetakenpartin 4 itraintomorrow wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge a wereb shouldc wouldd will 5 ifonlyhe quietlyasthedoctorinstructed hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow a liesb layc hadlaind shouldlie 躺下 lie lay lain 6 ifyouhad yourtestpapercarefullybeforehandingitin youwouldhavemadefewermistakes a lookedupb thoughtaboutc goneoverd goneround 7 whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank a bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther 8 ibefreetomorrow icouldgowithyou a couldb shouldc mightd must 10 ifonlyi asyoungasyouare a beingb amc bed were11 ifonlyi mywatch a hadn tlostb haven tlostc didn tlosed don tlose 句型練習(xí) 用ifiwereyou句型翻譯下列句子 1 我要是你的話 我就會(huì)把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好 2 如果你昨天來(lái) 你就會(huì)看見(jiàn)他 3 萬(wàn)一明天下雨 我們就不到那兒去 4 我希望我十年前認(rèn)識(shí)他 5 他對(duì)待我就像對(duì)待他自己的兒子一樣 homework 2 matchthebeginningofeachsentencewiththeappropriatee