非謂語動詞與寫作 (2).doc

非謂語動詞與寫作眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過多的簡單句會讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得松散；而文章中過多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來費勁。恰當?shù)剡\用非謂語動詞(或者介詞短語等)對簡單句和復(fù)合句進行轉(zhuǎn)換，不僅句型多樣，句子活潑，而且讀起來結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，言簡意明。體會，用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)改寫和美化句子1.因為在這國家又沒有朋友，她覺得要想找到工作是不可能的。用連詞becauseBecause she has no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job.用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)Having no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job.2.這本用簡易英語寫成的書很容易讀懂用定語從句 The book, which was written in simple English, is easy to understand.用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu) The book , written in simple English, is easy to understand3. Moyan stood there and was surrounded by many reporters. Moyan stood there surrounded by many reporters.一、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句1這兒的人都喜歡湯姆寫的那本小說。All the people here like the novel. It is written by Tom.All the people here like the novel written by Tom. (過去分詞作定語)2這是一家工廠。月產(chǎn)成千上萬輛小汽車。This is a factory. It produces thousands of cars a month.This is a factory, producing thousands of cars a month. (現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)3消防隊員及時趕到。他們對我們幫助很大。The firefighters came here in time. They helped us a lot.The firefighters coming here in time helped us a lot. (動名詞作主語)4我們應(yīng)該多講英語。我們認為這是很重要的。We should speak more English. We think it is very important.We think it very important to speak more English. (不定式作真正賓語)5我們應(yīng)該如何提高我們的英語口語水平？這是個問題。How should we improve our spoken English? It is a question.How to improve our spoken English is a question. (不定式短語作主語)The question is how to improve our spoken English. (不定式短語作表語)二、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句1這里曾有一家化肥廠，位于城市的南邊。它每天釋放出大量有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境。 There was a large factory, which produced fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas, which polluted the environment. There was a large factory, which produced fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas, polluting the environment.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) 簡析：“原句”中分別由which引導(dǎo)兩個定語從句，重復(fù)且單調(diào)，將第二個定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語后，不僅表達多樣，而且言簡意明。2當我們趕到校門口時，已經(jīng)8點了。我們見到老師時，不得不為遲到而向她道歉。 When we got to the school gate it was eight. When we saw our teacher, we had to say sorry for our being late. When we got to the school gate it was eight. Seeing our teacher, we had to say sorry for our being late.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) 簡析：“原句”中有兩個由連詞when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，將第二個狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語后，就避免了“原句”中重復(fù)使用同類從句的問題。3我們認為中學生學習一門外語是必要的。同時我們也認為，中學生掌握一門外語是可能的。 We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think that it is possible that they can master one. We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think it possible for them to master one.(不定式作真正賓語) 簡析：“原句”中先后出現(xiàn)兩個從句，冗長、累贅、難讀。而采用動詞不定式替換第二句中的從句后，言簡意明。4由于老師的幫助，我英語進步了。因為我英語進步了，我相信我能考上更好的大學。 Because my teacher helps me, my English has greatly improved. Because my English has greatly improved, Im sure I will go to a better university. With my teacher helping me, my English has greatly improved. Because my English has greatly improved, Im sure I will go to a better university.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語) 簡析：“原句”兩處重復(fù)出現(xiàn)由because引導(dǎo)的從句，讀起來很別扭。換用“with現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”后，讀起來給人的感覺大不一樣。5為了趕上同班同學，李東不遺余力地學習。為了好好學習，他從不玩電腦游戲。 Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates. He never plays computer games so that he can learn better. Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates. He never plays computer games so as to learn better.(不定式作狀語) 簡析：“原句”兩處重復(fù)使用so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，換用不定式作狀語后，殊途同歸，但效果好多了。另外，此處的so as to learn better也可以用介詞短語with the purpose of learning better作目的狀語。三、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文(根據(jù)一般表達寫出該短文的高級表達) 北京市有大量的出租車司機，他們每天全心全意地為乘客服務(wù)，對北京市的交通發(fā)揮著重要作用。他們起早貪黑，賺錢養(yǎng)家糊口。有一次，我下車時不小心把手機忘在了車上，但當我和司機同志聯(lián)系上之后，他立即開車把手機送到了我的家門口，讓我感動不已。一般表達： There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing. They serve passengers heart and soul. They play an important part in the traffic of Beijing. They make some money. They work from dawn till night. One day, I left my cell phone in the taxi I took. I got in touch with the driver. He drove to my home and gave it back to me. I was very excited高級表達： There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing, serving passengers heart and soul and playing an important part in the traffic of Beijing. In order to make some money to support their families, they work from dawn till night. One day, I got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cell phone left in the taxi I took. On hearing what had happened, the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cell phone back to me. Seeing my cell phone again, I was too excited to say a word.運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句1We were touched by the teachers words. We decided to work hard._2I didnt receive her letter. I had to write again._3The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very angry. _4The boys were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier. _5I saw an old granny. She lay on the ground. I went over to help her._.運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句1When we arrived at the company, we were shown around the workshops first. When we were talking to the employees, we found it was necessary that we should learn a foreign language._， we were shown around the workshops first. When we were talking to the employees, we found _.2I took part in the meeting, which was held in Beijing last Friday. It was very instructive, which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday.I took part in the meeting _ last Friday. It was very instructive, which was hosted by a manager _ yesterday.3As soon as they saw a few people still in the burning house, they rushed into it to save them without hesitation._，they rushed into it to save them without hesitation.4Mother went to work in a hurry, and she didnt have breakfast. She was as busy as a bee these days and came back home very late.Mother went to work in a hurry _.She was as busy as a bee these days,