值得一看的英語(yǔ)翻譯.doc

值得一看的翻譯四書(shū)五經(jīng)The Four Books 四書(shū) The Great learning大學(xué)The doctrine of the Mean中庸 理論The Analects of Confucius 論語(yǔ) 論語(yǔ)Mencius孟子The Five Classics 五經(jīng)The Book of Songs詩(shī)經(jīng)The Book of History書(shū)經(jīng)The Book of Changes易經(jīng)The Book of Rites 禮經(jīng) 儀式The Spring and Autumn Annals春秋編年史論語(yǔ)子曰：“學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說(shuō)乎?有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)，不亦樂(lè)乎?人不知而不悅，不亦君子乎?” Confucius said: Isnt it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned? Isnt it also great when friends visit from distant places? If people do not recognize me and it doesnt bother me, am I not a Superior Man? 子曰：“不患人之不己知, 患不知人也?！?Confucius said: I am not bothered by the fact that I am unknown. I am bothered when I do not know others. 子曰：“吾十有五而志于學(xué), 三十而立, 四十而不惑, 五十而知天命, 六十而耳順, 七十而從心所欲, 不逾矩。” Confucius said: At fifteen my heart was set on learning; at thirty I stood firm; at forty I had no more doubts; at fifty I knew the mandate of heaven; at sixty my ear was obedient; at seventy I could follow my hearts desire without transgressing the norm. .曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：為人謀而不忠乎？與朋友交而不信乎？傳不習(xí)乎？”Tseng-tzu said that,everyday i reflect on myself,am i honest to what i said?am i honest to my friends?am i honest when i learned?子曰：“溫故而知新，可以為師矣?！盋onfucius said that，got something from the past,you can be a teacher.子曰：“學(xué)而不思則罔,思而不學(xué)則殆?！盋onfucius said that，study without thinking makes you a fool, thinking without study makes you a criminal.子曰：“君子不器。”Confucius said that，human is not tool.子曰：“朝聞道，夕死可矣?！盋onfucius said that，for truth, i would like to die子曰：“由，誨女知之乎!知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。”Confucius said: Yu, shall I teach you about knowledge? What you know, you know, what you dont know, you dont know. This is knowledge.子曰：“人而不仁, 如禮何。人而不仁, 如樂(lè)何”Confucius said: If a man has no humaneness what can his propriety be like? If a man has no humaneness what can his music be like?子曰：“人之過(guò)也, 各于其黨。觀過(guò), 斯知仁矣?！盋onfucius said: People err according to their own level. It is by observing a persons mistakes that you can know his/her goodness.子曰：“君子喻于義, 小人喻于利。”Confucius said: The Superior Man is aware of Rightness, the inferior man is aware of advantage.1、子曰：為政以德，其如北辰，居其所，而眾星共（拱）之。The Master said, He who rules by moral force is like the pole-star, which remains in its place while all the lesser stars do homage to it.2、子曰：詩(shī)三百，一言以蔽之。曰：思無(wú)邪。The Master said, If out of the three hundred Songs I had to take one phrase to cover all my teaching, I would say “Let there be no evil in your thoughts.”3、子曰：吾十有五而志于學(xué)，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳順，七十而從心所欲，不逾矩。The Master said, At fifteen I set my heart upon learning. At thirty, I had planted my feet firm upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered from perplexities. At fifty, I knew what were the bidding of Heaven. At sixty, I heard them with docile ear. At seventy, I could follow the dictates of my own heart; for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right.4、子游問(wèn)孝。子曰：今之孝者，是謂能養(yǎng)。至于犬馬，皆能有養(yǎng)。不敬，何以別乎！Tzu-yu asked about the treatment of parents. The Master said, “Filial sons” nowadays are people who see to it that their parents get enough to eat. But even dogs and horses are cared for to that extent. If there is no feeling of respect, wherein lies the difference?5、子曰：飯疏食飲水，曲肱而枕之，樂(lè)亦在其中矣。不義而富且貴，于我如浮云。The Master said, He who seeks only coarse food to eat, water to drink and a bent arm for pillow, will without looking for tit find happiness to boot. Any thought of accepting wealth and rank by means that I know to be wrong is as remote from me as the clouds that float above.6、子貢問(wèn)曰：有一言而可以終身行之者乎？子曰：其恕乎！己所不欲，勿施于人。Tzu-kung asked saying, Is there any single saying that one can act upon all day and every day? The Master said, Perhaps the saying about consideration: “Never do to others what you would not like them to do to you.”子曰：“不憤不啟，不悱不發(fā)，舉一隅不以三隅反，則不復(fù)也?！盡aster said: No, anger is not Kai, do not but can not speak no hair, lifting a corner counter not to Misumi is not complex people. 子曰：“吾嘗終日不食，終夜不寢，以思，無(wú)益，不如學(xué)也。” Master said: I try not eat all day long, all night without sleep, to think, no good, it is better to school. 子曰：“知之者不如好知者，好之者不如樂(lè)知者。” Master said: of those who know better than those who know good music than of those who know who. 子曰：“由，誨女知之乎？知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也?！?Master said: by, Hui women know it or Down? Know them as know it, I do not know as I do not know, that is knowledge. 子曰：“見(jiàn)賢思齊焉，見(jiàn)不賢而內(nèi)自省也?！?Master said: emulate Yan, see Yin and within the non-introspective people. 子曰：“君子食無(wú)求飽，居無(wú)求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可謂好學(xué)也已?！?Master said: Gentlemen eat food without demand, ranking without seeking security, and sensitive to the issues but cautious in speech, there is the Tao Yan, can be described as easy to learn also. 生肖牛：Ox，虎：Tiger，兔：Hare，龍：Dragon ，蛇：Snake，馬：Horse，羊：Sheep，猴：Monkey，雞：Cock，狗：Dog，豬：Boar?！笆ぁ笔侵?2種動(dòng)物，即鼠、牛、虎、兔、龍、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬。也就是俗話說(shuō)的“屬相”(animal signs)，是中國(guó)人特有的一種表示出生時(shí)間的方式。在英語(yǔ)中與它們有關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)(proverb).習(xí)語(yǔ)(idiom)有很多，而且有時(shí)具有出人意料的意思。另外，表示同一動(dòng)物的單詞往往也不止一個(gè)。在特定的諺語(yǔ).習(xí)語(yǔ)中需要使用特定的表示該動(dòng)物的單詞，不能混淆。這在很大程度上是由于中西方對(duì)動(dòng)物的看法不同。一、 鼠(rat) (口，比喻）不忠的人；（尤指困難時(shí)）背棄事業(yè)的人；討厭的人；不忠的人；(美,俚)新學(xué)生、下流女人。與它有關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)、習(xí)語(yǔ)多含貶義。例如：1.a rat leaving a sinking ship 不能共患難的人2.die like a rat 被毒死 3.have a rat in a garret 不安，想入非非；（口）難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)想 4. a rat in a hole 甕中之鱉 5.(look)like a drowned rat（濕的）像落湯雞. 6.rat out 夾著尾巴走，在尷尬中離去 7.Rats！ 胡說(shuō)！瞎扯！(具有斥責(zé)、生氣的意味) 8.Rats desert a sinking ship. 樹(shù)倒猢猻散 9.smell a rat（口） 懷疑某事不對(duì)頭，感到不妙 10.the rat race(口,貶) 卑鄙/激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(尤指為保住職位和地位)playcatandmousewithsb.欲擒故縱，(像貓抓耗子似地)欺負(fù)(折磨、虐待)某人 Thepolicemandecidedtoplaycatandmousewhenhesawthewomanstealthedressinthestore.另外，表示鼠的單詞還有mouse(復(fù)數(shù)為mice)。下面的則是使用mouse的習(xí)語(yǔ)。11.as poor as a church mouse 一貧如洗，赤貧的 12.like a drowned mouse 狼狽不堪/落湯雞/落水狗 13.play cat and mouse with sb. 對(duì)某人時(shí)好時(shí)壞14.(as)quiet as a mouse 不出聲；無(wú)聲響二、 牛(ox) （不分性別的通稱）；公牛；閹牛。相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)、習(xí)語(yǔ)很生動(dòng)形象。例如：15.ox-eyed 大眼睛的 16.The black Ox has trod on sbs foot災(zāi)禍已降臨到某人頭上/某人已人老珠黃 而bull則表示“公牛”。例如： 17.a bull in a china shop莽撞闖禍的人18.like a bull at a gate 狂怒地，兇猛地 19.milk the bull干徒勞的事20.take the bull by the horns 不畏艱險(xiǎn)21.throw the bull (美俚)吹牛，夸張 likearedragtoabull使憤怒Anystatementagainstthegovernmentislikearedragtoabulltothatminister另外，cow是指母牛，奶牛。例如：22.a sacred cow 圣牛，神圣之物 23.till the cows come home 無(wú)限期地，永遠(yuǎn)地， Ifyourewaitingforhimtopayyou,youllwaittillthecowscomehome killthefattedcalf熱情款待，設(shè)宴歡迎 Hewelcomedmeathomebykillingthefattedcalf.三、 虎(tiger) 兇惡的人，虎狼之徒；英（穿制服的）馬夫；口（比賽的）勁敵。例如：24.ride the tiger以非常不確定或危險(xiǎn)的方式生活 24.fight like a tiger 極力攻擊某人或保護(hù)自己25.a paper tiger 紙老虎 26.How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tigers lair?不入虎穴，焉得虎子? 27.work like a tiger 生龍活虎地干活四、 兔(hare) （英俚）坐車不買(mǎi)票的人。例如：28.make a hare of sb.愚弄某人。29.start a hare。在討論中提出枝節(jié)問(wèn)題。30. First catch your hare (then cook him).勿謀之過(guò)早 31.hold/ run with the hare and run /hunt with the hounds.兩面討好32.as timid as a hare膽小如鼠另外，表示“兔”的單詞還有rabbit。例如：33.like rabbits in a warren 擠得水泄不通。五、龍（dragon）（比喻，貶） 兇暴的人，嚴(yán)厲的人；兇惡嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)護(hù)人；（尤指）悍婦。例如：34.dragons teeth相互爭(zhēng)斗的根源；排列或多層的楔形反坦克混凝土障礙物。35.the old Dragon魔鬼六蛇 (snake) 陰險(xiǎn)的人，虛偽的人，卑鄙的人；(美俚)追求和欺騙少女的男子（一般指男青年），男阿飛。例如：36.a snake in the grass.潛伏的危險(xiǎn)/敵人。37.a snake in ones bosom恩將仇報(bào)的人 38.have snakes in ones boots/see snakes喝醉酒 39.raise/wake snakes引起騷動(dòng)；引起激烈的爭(zhēng)吵七、馬(horse) (美俚) 粗魯?shù)募一?；笨蛋。與馬有關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)有很多。例如：40. get on the high horse.耀武揚(yáng)威，目空一切。41. work like a horse.辛苦工作。42. horse doctor.獸醫(yī)，馬醫(yī)（非正式用語(yǔ)）。43.a dark horse口 黑馬（意外得勝之馬），競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中出人意料的獲勝者，實(shí)力難測(cè)的賽馬/競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者44.a horse of another/different colour完全另外一回事 45.come off ones high horse 不再驕傲自大 46. be on ones high horse趾高氣揚(yáng) 47.mount/ride the high horse趾高氣揚(yáng),耀武揚(yáng)威48.back the wrong horse （賽馬中）下錯(cuò)賭注， 喻支持失敗的一方49.hold ones horses (俚)忍耐50.spur a willing horse無(wú)故加鞭；給予不必要的刺激 51.eat like a horse 狼吞虎咽，吃得很多 52.Never swap/swop horses while crossing the stream. (諺)行到河中不換馬（意指危難時(shí)不宜作大變動(dòng)） 53.talk horse 吹牛，說(shuō)大話 54.work for a dead horse 從事不可能有報(bào)酬的工作 55.You can take a horse to water, but you cant make him drink. 牽馬到水邊易，逼馬飲水難(意指不要逼人做他不愿做的事)。 56.ask a horse the question (賽馬騎師)力求競(jìng)賽的馬竭其全力。 57. as strong as a horse壯實(shí)得像頭牛；非常健壯；精力充沛57.put the cart before the horse 本末倒置，前后顛倒holdyourhorses忍耐，克制，別急躁flogadeadhorse徒勞，浪費(fèi)精力highhorse自大，盛氣凌人八、羊(sheep) 害羞而忸怩的人，膽小鬼，蠢人，馴服的人。有關(guān)sheep的諺語(yǔ)不少。例如：58. as well be hanged for a sheep as (for) a lamb.一不做，二不休;索性蠻干59.a black sheep敗家子；敗類；害群之馬；拒絕參加罷工的工人 60. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.甘心做綿羊，早晚喂豹狼（人弱受人欺）。61.a wolf in sheeps clothing披著羊皮的狼。62.a lost sheep 迷途的羊；誤入歧途的人63.follow like sheep 盲從 64.sheep without a shepherd 沒(méi)有牧羊人的羊群；烏合之眾 65.One scabbed sheep infects the whole flock. 一只羊生瘡，整群羊遭殃。此外，goat 指山羊。例如：66.play the giddy goat 行為如小丑 67.the sheep and the goats好人和壞人。九、 猴(monkey) 頑童,淘氣鬼，猴子似的人，易受欺的人：與monkey一詞搭配習(xí)語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)很多非常有趣。例如：68.put sbs monkey up.（英俚）使某人生氣，激怒某人 69.make a monkey of愚弄；70.a monkey with a long tail.抵押；71.get the monkey off.（美俚）戒除吸毒惡習(xí)；have a monkey on ones back. （美俚）毒癮很深（以至思想上經(jīng)濟(jì)上負(fù)擔(dān)沉重）72.。monkey around (美俚)搗蛋，閑蕩，瞎弄 73. monkey business 惡作劇，欺騙，胡鬧74.have a monkey on a house/up the chimney低押房屋get(have)onesmonkeyup生氣，發(fā)脾氣十、 雞(cock ) 首領(lǐng)，頭目，神氣十足的人。與cock組成的習(xí)語(yǔ)多姿多彩，例如：75.Cock of the walk/school.有威望的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 76.a cock of the loft/dunghill.在小地方稱王的人 77.Live like fighting cocks.吃得好；吃最好的東西 78.Cock - and - bull story.荒誕的故事，無(wú)稽之談。用cock表達(dá)的諺語(yǔ)：79. It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock.牝雞司晨，家之不祥（意指丈夫軟弱而一切由妻子作主的家庭是不會(huì)幸福的）80. go off at half cock 槍走火；操之過(guò)急（指計(jì)劃典禮等尚未安排就緒即行開(kāi)始） 81.red cock縱火引起的火災(zāi) 82.That cock wont fight. 這話講不通/那一手行不通。cockonessnook(snoot)to(at)sb.瞧不起某人cock