2007年6月6級閱讀理解逐句翻譯.doc

2007年6月一、Google is a world-famous company, with its headquarters in Mountain View, California. Google(谷歌）是一家享譽世界的公司，其總部位于加州山景區(qū)。It was set up in a Silicon Valley garage in 1998, and inflated (膨脹) with the Internet bubble.1998年始建于硅谷的一間車房里，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫的膨脹發(fā)展。 Even when everything around it collapsed the company kept on inflating. 即使當與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關的一切開始破裂的時候，它仍然飛速發(fā)展。Googles search engine is so widespread across the world that search became Google, and google became a verb. Google的搜索引擎在全球范圍內(nèi)流傳，以至于Google成了搜索的代名詞，而google也成為一個動詞。The world fell in love with the effective, fascinatingly fast technology.世界愛上了這項迷人而快捷的技術。Google owes much of its success to the brilliance of S. Brin and L. Page, but also to a series of fortunate events. Google的成功很大程度上歸功于S.Brin和L.Page的才華，但同時也是一連串幸運事件的結果。It was Page who, at Stanford in 1996, initiated the academic project that eventually became Googles search engine. 1996年，Page在斯坦福大學作一個學術項目，最終成為google的搜索引擎。Brin, who had met Page at a student orientation a year earlier, joined the project early on. Brin在之前的一年的新生介紹會上認識了Page，隨后加入了Google搜索引擎的項目。They were both Ph.D. candidates when they devised the search engine which was better than the rest and, without any marketing, spread by word of mouth from early adopters to, eventually, your grandmother.當時他們都是博士研究生，但他們設計的搜索引擎要優(yōu)于其他的，而且沒有做任何市場推廣，僅靠交口相傳，就從最初的使用者最終傳到了你祖母的耳中。Their breakthrough, simply put, was that when their search engine crawled the Web, it did more than just look for word matches, it also tallied (統(tǒng)計) and ranked a host of other critical factors like how websites link to one another. 簡單來說，他們的突破發(fā)生在搜索引擎在網(wǎng)絡上慢慢傳播的時候，引擎提供的不僅僅是找尋匹配的詞語，還可以根據(jù)一些關鍵指標如網(wǎng)頁如何相連對主頁進行統(tǒng)計和排序。That delivered far better results than anything else. 引擎得到的結果比其他的都好。Brin and Page meant to name their creation Googol (the mathematical term for the number 1 followed by 100 zeroes), but someone misspelled the word so it stuck as Google. Brin和Page用googol(數(shù)學術語，指前面有100個零的數(shù)字）命名他們的作品，但是有人把這個單詞錯拼成了Google。They raised money from prescient (有先見之明的) professors and venture capitalists, and moved off campus to turn Google into business. 他們從有先見之明的教授和風險投資者那里籌集資金，讓google從校園走向商業(yè)化。Perhaps their biggest stroke of luck came early on when they tried to sell their technology to other search engines, but no one met their price, and they built it up on their own.或許他們最大的運氣是在早期，那是他們嘗試出售自己的技術給其他引擎公司，但沒有人能夠滿足他們的價位，于是他們決定自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。The next breakthrough came in 2000, when Google figured out how to make money with its invention.第二次突破是在2000年，當時google提出如何利用發(fā)明盈利。 It had lots of users, but almost no one was paying. Google有眾多用戶，但幾乎沒有人付費。The solution turned out to be advertising, and its not an exaggeration to say that Google is now essentially an advertising company, given that thats the source of nearly all its revenue. 最終的解決方法是做廣告，毫不夸張的說，Gooogle現(xiàn)在實際上就是一家廣告公司，因為幾乎其所有的收入都是源于廣告。Today it is a giant advertising company, worth $100 billion現(xiàn)在Google是一家巨型廣告公司，其市值達到一千億美元。二、You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good statistically, but it doesnt feel good.你一直重復聽到：美國的經(jīng)濟從數(shù)據(jù)上看很不錯，但實際上并不覺得很好。 Why doesnt ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? 為什么不斷增加的財富卻沒有促進不斷提高的幸福程度呢？It is a question that dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent(富裕的) Societyby John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97.這個問題最早要追溯到1958年富足社會一書的出現(xiàn)，其作者John Kenneth Galbraith最近去世了，享年97歲。The Affluent Society is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. 富足社會是一本現(xiàn)代名著，因為書中定義了人類境況的一個新時期。For most of history, “hunger, sickness, and cold” threatened nearly everyone, Galbraith wrote. 在歷史上的大多數(shù)時期，“饑寒交迫和疾病”幾乎威脅了每一個人。Galbraith寫道：“Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours.” “貧窮出現(xiàn)在那個世界的任何角落。但這顯然與我們無關”After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent.“二戰(zhàn)”后，對于新的一次大衰退的恐懼讓位于一次經(jīng)濟繁榮。在二十世紀三十年代，失業(yè)率高達18.2%，而在二十世紀五十年代，失業(yè)率為4.5%。To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent. 對于Galbraith而言，物質(zhì)主義已經(jīng)瘋狂，并且會滋生不滿。Through advertising, companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didnt really want or need.公司通過廣告讓消費者購買他們不需要或者不想要的東西。 Because so much spending was artificial, it would be unfulfilling. 如此多的花費是虛假的，所以肯定會有不滿Meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctivelyand wronglylabeled government only as “a necessary evil.”同時，能讓每個人生活得更好的政府開銷卻減少了，因為人們本能地、錯誤地為政府貼上了“必要的惡魔”的標簽。Its often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else is standing still or falling behind. 人們常說只有富人在前行，其他人都停留在原地或者落在后面。Well, there are many undeserving richoverpaid chief executives, for instance. 例如，是有很多人不應富有的人But over any meaningful period, most peoples incomes are increasing. 工資過高的首席執(zhí)行官。但是在經(jīng)歷了很多重要時期之后，大多數(shù)人的收入在上升。From 1995 to 2004, inflation-adjusted average family income rose 14.3 percent, to $43,200. 從1995年到2004年，針對通貨膨脹進行調(diào)整的普通家庭收入上升了14.3%，達到了43，200美元。People feel “squeezed” because their rising incomes often dont satisfy their rising wantsfor bigger homes, more health care, more education, faster Internet connections.人們覺得“被壓榨”，是因為他們增加的收入不能滿足他們上升的欲望-更大的房子，更多醫(yī)療保健，更多教育，更快的網(wǎng)絡連接。The other great frustration is that it has not eliminated insecurity. 另外一大沮喪是不安全感并沒有被消除。People regard job stability as part of their standard of living. 人們把工作的穩(wěn)定性看成生活標準的一部分。As corporate layoffs increased, that part has eroded. 隨著公司裁員的增加了，這部分被腐蝕了。More workers fear theyve become “the disposable American,” as Louis Uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name.更過的員工害怕自己會成為“被處理的美國人”，這一說法來自于LouisUchtelle的同名著作。Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the arrival of widespread affluence suggested utopian (烏托邦式的) possibilities. 因為前面提到的痛苦和社會沖突都來源于貧窮，大范圍富裕的來臨暗示了烏托邦式的可能。Up to a point, affluence succeeds. There is much les physical misery than before. People are better off. Unfortunately, affluence also creates new complaints and contradictions.從某種意義來說，富裕成功了。比起以前，身體上的痛苦大大減少。人們比以前更富于了。不幸的是，富足同樣創(chuàng)造了新的抱怨和矛盾。Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens. 現(xiàn)金的社會需要經(jīng)濟增長，以滿足市民日益多樣化的需要。But the quest for growth lets loose new anxieties and economic conflicts that dis