國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)詞匯.doc

國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)英語 商務(wù)詞匯匯總 國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)英語（商務(wù)詞匯匯總）目錄：一、進出口貿(mào)易詞匯第2頁二、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語第5頁三、貿(mào)易保險、國際組織術(shù)語第8頁四、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語第11頁五、貿(mào)易伙伴術(shù)語第14頁六、數(shù)量條件與外匯術(shù)語第16頁一、進出口貿(mào)易詞匯1.commerce the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale貿(mào)易 2. Export Declaration A form to be completed by the exporter or their authorized agent and filed in triplicate by a carrier with the United State Collector of customs at the point of exit. 出口申報單3.import to bring or carry in from an outside source, especially to bring in(goods or materials)from a foreign country for trade or sale 進口4.import licence A certificate, issued by countries exercising import controls, that permits importation of the articles stated in the license. The issuance of such a permit frequently is connected with the release of foreign exchange needed to pay for the shipment for which the import license has been requested.進口許口證5.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export License.出口許口證 6.inquiry an act of asking for information詢盤7.delivery an item or items delivered on a particular occasion.交貨 8.order a thing made, supplied, or served as a result of such a request訂貨9.Bill of Lading A document that establishes the terms of a contract between a shipper and a transportation company under which freight is to be moved between specified points for a specified charge. Usually prepared by the shipper on forms issued by the carrier, it serves as a document of title, contract of carriage, and a receipt for goods. Also see Air Waybill and Ocean Bill of Lading.提單10.Endorsement in Blank Commonly used on a bank check, an endorsement in blank is an endorsement to the bearer. It contains only the name of the endorser and specifies no particular payee. Also, a common means of endorsing bills of lading dawn to the order of the shipper. The bills are endorsed For. (see Bill of Lading, Order).空白背書11.endorsed sign (a cheque or bill of exchange) on the back to make it payable to someone other than the stated payee or to accept responsibility for paying it背書 12.cargo receipt Is a receipt of cargo for shipment by a consolidator (used in ocean freight).承運貨物收據(jù)13. catalogue a publication containing details and often photographs of items for sale商品目錄14.Red Clause Letter of Credit A letter of credit that allows the exporter to receive a percentage of the face value of the letter of credit in advance of shipment. This enables the exporter to purchase inventory and pay other costs associated with producing and preparing the export order. 紅條款信用證15.export subsidy An economic benefit granted by a government to producers of goods or services, often to strengthen their competitive position. 出口津貼16.favorable balance of trade When countries export more than they import, they are said to have a favorable balance of trade.貿(mào)易順差17.unfavorable balance of trade When they import more than they export, an unfavorable balance of trade exits.貿(mào)易逆差18.free trade zone A port designated by the government of a country for duty-free entry of any non-prohibited goods. Merchandise may be stored, displayed, used for manufacturing, within the zone and re-exported without duties being paid. Duties are imposed on the merchandise (or items manufactured from the merchandise) only when the goods pass from the zone into an area of the country subject to the Customs Authority. 自由貿(mào)易區(qū)19. most-favored nation treatment（MFNT） The list of a countrys import duties is called a tariff schedule. A single tariff schedule applies to all goods, no matter what their country of origin. A double or multicolumn schedule provides for differing rates depending on the country of origin. Most modern trade agreements are made on the basis of what is called most-favored-nation treatment. 最惠國待遇20.General Average When damage to cargo on board a vessel exceeds carriers insurance, carrier will release cargo only with an acceptance agreement to claim only a general percentage of all the damage sustained.共同海損21.Commercial Invoice An itemized list of goods shipped, usually included among an exporters collection papers.商業(yè)發(fā)票22.Ocean bills of lading A receipt for cargo in transit, and a contract between the exporter and an ocean carrier for transportation and delivery of goods to a specified party at a specified foreign destination. Issued after the vessel has sailed and the cargo has been entered in the ships manifest. 海運提單23.Customs liquidation The finalization of a customs entry. 清關(guān)24.Customs Bonded Warehouse Is awarehouse where imported goods may be stored for a total of three years without the payment of duty or taxes. 保稅倉庫25.dumping sending (goods unsaleable in the home market) to a foreign market for sale at a low price. 商品傾銷26.export send (goods or services) to another country for sale出口27.Correspondent Bank A bank that, in its own country, handles the business of a foreign bank.通知行28.sight draft a draft payable upon presentation. 即期匯票29.transferable L/C a letter of credit part of whose value when the applicant defaults on another agreed method of payment可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證30.mark information placed on outer surface of shipping containers or packages such as address labels, identifying numbers, box specifications, caution, or directional warning.嘜頭二、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語1.FOB (free on board) Seller is responsible for inland freight and all other costs until the cargo has been loaded on the vessel/aircraft.Buyer is responsible for ocean/airfreight and marine/airinsurance離岸價（船上交貨價） 2.C&F(cost and freight)Is a quoted price includes cost of goods and freight. 成本加運費價（離岸加運費價）3.CIF (cost, insurance and freight) Is a quoted price includes cost of goods, insurance and freight. 到岸價（成本加運費、保險費價）4.reight All merchandise,goods,products,or commodities shipped by sail,air,road,or water other than by baggage,express mail,or regular mail . 運費5.wharfage A charge assessed by a pier or dock owner against the cargo or a steamship company for use of the pier or dock. 碼頭費6.tariff customs,duty；Duties or a duty imposed by a government on Imported or exported goods. 關(guān)稅7.commission The amount paid to an agent,which may be an individual, a borker, or a financial institution for consummating a transaction involving sale or purchase of assets or services. 傭金8.return commission A commission which is paid back by the agent if a policy is cancelled before its normal expiration date. 回傭，回扣9.net price price of product (service) which does not contain Value Adeed Tax凈價10.wholesale price Wholesaling is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users批發(fā)價11.discount / allowance A reduction from the full or standard amout of a pice or debt折扣12.retail price The price paid by a consumer to a dealer or individual for a vehicle. The dealer or individual sets the retail price of a used car by calculating the wholesale price paid plus reconditioning expenses and other costs零售價13.spot price the current delivery price of a commodity traded in the spot market現(xiàn)貨價格14.current price prevailing price，the prices of goods and services in the reference period現(xiàn)行價格/時價15.customs valuation Establishment, according to defined criteria, of the value of goods for the purpose of levying ad valorem customs duties on their importation海關(guān)估價16.price list means the list of charges for the Product as found on the Site and VAT at the prescribed rate and any other tax, duty or levy imposed by legislation. 價目表17.stamp duty stamp tax，a tax collected by requiring a stamp to be purchased and attached (usually on documents or publications). 印花稅18.revenue the total income a business firm or government receives from all source稅收，收入19.forward price Refers to sales into the future of a physical commodity by the use of forward contracting or futures and options hedging. It is a marketing tool for grain buyers and sellers. 期貨（遠期）價格，期貨價20.deduction an amount that is or may be deducted；the act of deducting；subtraction扣除（額）；減除（額）21.average cost Usually refers to average total cost，which is the total cost of production of a good or service(including the costs of fixed inputs and variable inputs) divided by the quantity produced. 平均成本22.interest rate The fee charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of borrowed money，usually expressed as an annual percentage of the principal；the rate is dependent upon the time value of money，the credit risk of the bprrowed and the onflation rate. 利率Interest rates can be calculated as simple，compounded or effective.23.import surcharge A temporary tax on imports over and above established tariffs, usually enacted in times of economic crisis進口附加稅24.import licence An import license is a document issued by a national government authorizing the importation of certain goods into its territory.進口許口證25.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export Licence出口許口證26.total value face value * place value. 總值27.world (International)Market price World market prices of commodities exchange國際市場價格28.open account Credit extended that is not supported by a note，mortage，or other formal written evidence of indebtedness. Because this method poses an obvious risk to the supplier，it is essential that the buys integrity by unquestionable. 賒賬29.average price The price of a home determined by totaling the sales prices of all houses sold in an area and dividing that number by the number of homes. 平均價格30.Port of Discharge Port where vessel is off loaded and cargo discharges. 卸貨港三、貿(mào)易保險、國際組織術(shù)語1. Insurer: insurance company: a financial institution that sells insurance 保險人2. Insured: a person whose interests are protected by an insurance policy 投保人 3. Insurance policy: An Insurance contract determines the legal framework under which the features of an insurance policy are enforced.保險單4. proximate cause: an event sufficiently related to a legally recognizable injury to be held the cause of that injury. 近因原則5. Total Loss: Totaled (shorthand for total loss) is a term used in the insurance industry. Generally, the insurance provider will only pay out the lesser cost of buying a replacement vehicle, instead of paying to repair the old one to its previous state.全部損失/全損6. PICC: Peoples Insurance Company of China. a Chinese insurance company中國人民保險公司 7. I.C.: China Insurance Clause中國保險條款 8. W/W clause: Warehouse to Warehouse Clause倉至倉條款 9. All Risks ：This is an insurance term and the “All Risks” insurance will normally cover against all risks of whatever nature provided that they are risks and not certainties.一切險10. W.A./W.P.A：(With Average or With Particular Average) An insurance term meaning that partial loss or damage of goods is insured. Generally must be caused by sea water. Many have a minimum percentage of damage before payment. May be extended to cover loss by theft, pilferage, delivery, leakage, and breakage. 水漬險11. F.P.A.： (Free of Particular Average) A term used in marine insurance policies to indicate that while the underwriter is unwilling to assume liability for ordinary partial losses due to the peculiar qualities of the particular article or to its form of package, he is willing to bear partial losses, the direct result of stranding, sinking, burning, collision, or other named peril 平安險12. War Risk: The possible aggressive actions against a ship and its cargo by a belligerent government. This risk can be insured by a marine policy with a risk clause. 戰(zhàn)爭險13. Strike， riots and civel commotion ：（S.R.C.C.）An insurance clause referring to loss or damage directly caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, persons participation in labor disturbances, and riots of various kinds. The ordinary marine insurance policy does not cover this risk; coverage against it can be added only by endorsement. 罷工、暴動、民變險14. Claim : an assertion of a right (as to money or property) 索賠15. Disputes: dispute is a commencement of a conflict between statements of accepted fact and a new or unaccepted proposal that disagrees with, argues against, or debates the accepted knowledge or opinion. 爭議16. Penalty: the act of punishing 罰金條款17. Arbitration: (law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties 仲裁18. Force Majeure: all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unforeseen, unavoidable or insurmountable, and which arise after the Effective Date and Which prevent total or partial performance by and Party. 不可抗力19. Arbitral tribunal: An arbitral tribunal (or arbitration tribunal) is a panel of one or more adjudicators which is convened and sits to resolve a dispute by way of arbitration. 仲裁庭20. Arbitration Clause: Is a standard clause to be included in the contracts of exporters and importers, as suggested by the American Arbitration Association. It states that any controversy or claim will be settled by arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. 仲裁條款21. Certificate of origin: A statement signed by the exporter, or his agent, and attested to by a local Chamber of Commerce, indicating that the goods being shipped, or a major percentage of them, originated and were produced in the exporters country 產(chǎn)地證明書22. Inspection certificate: A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in goods condition immediately prior to shipment. 品質(zhì)檢驗證書23. WTO ： (World Trade Organization) an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade.世界貿(mào)易組織24. IMF ： (International Monetary Fund) an international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rates and the balance of payments. 國際貨幣基金組織25. EFTA ： (European Free Trade Association)a European trade bloc which was established as an alternative for European states who did not join the then-European Economic Community. 歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟26. AFTA： (ASEAN Free Trade Area) a trade bloc agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)27. JCCT ： (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade)中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會28. NAFTA： (North American Free Trade Area) a trilateral trade bloc in North America created by the governments of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)29. UNCTAD ： (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)It is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment and development issues.聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議30. GATT ： （General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the International Trade Organization (ITO).關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定四、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語1. stocks mass nounthe capital raised by a business or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares資本，股本2. cash sale A legal term denoting a mercantile transaction in which title to merchandise passes when the buyer pays the seller.現(xiàn)貨 3. purchase the acquisition of something for payment;購買,進貨4. bulk sale sometimes called a bulk transfer, is a sale of goods by a business that represents all or substantially all of its inventory to a single buyer unless such a sale would be common in the ordinary course of its business. 整批銷售，躉售 5. distribution channels Distribution (or place) is one of the four elements of marketing mix. An organization or set of organizations (go-betweens) involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user.銷售渠道 6. wholesale historically called jobbing, is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.批發(fā) 7. retail trade Retailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store or kiosk, or by post, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser.零售業(yè) 8. hire-purchase method of buying something by paying over an extended period分期付款購買 9. exclusive right In Anglo-Saxon law, an exclusive right is a de facto, non-tangible prerogative existing in law (that is, the power or, in a wider sense, right) to perform an action or acquire a benefit and to permit or deny others the right to perform the same action or to acquire the same benefit.獨家經(jīng)營/專營權(quán)10. unfair competition Commercial conduct that the law views as unjust. 不合理競爭 11. dumping selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domestic market商品傾銷12. antidumping the act of a manufacturer in one country exporting a product to another country at a price which is either below the price it charges in its home market or is below its costs of production反傾銷 13. unfavorable balance of trade An expression denoting a situation where a geographical entity (be it a nation,region,state,or city)imports more goods and services than it exports.It is used to descibe the situation for both individua