學人教版選修8Unit5Period5Using language課件（76張）.ppt

unit5meetingyourancestors 2018學年度人教版選修8unit5period5usinglanguage listeninganddiscussing theworkonearlypeopledependsonthedatesgiventothebonesthatarefound ifthedatesarewrong allthedataaboutearlypeoplemayalsobewrong sozhouhepingisveryinterestedtofindouthowarchaeologistsmakesurethattheirdatesareaccurate yogurtpots orangeskin wastepaper usedenvelopes 1listentopart1ofthetapeandtrytounderstand thewastepaperbasket diagramontherightandfillinthelayers itusesradioactivitytomeasuretheamountof inlivingthings the inadeadbody ata rate weknowhowlongthattakes sowecanmeasuretheamountof and howoldaboneis carbon carbon disappears fixed carbon workout 2listentopart2andcompletethepassagebelow 3lookatthisarchaeologicaldrawingofasectionshowingbuildingsatdifferenttimesandworkouttheorderinwhichtheywerebuilt writeyouranswerbelowandcheckwithyourpartner remembertogiveareasonforyouranswerinyourdiscussion theoldestbuildingisbbecauseithasnolayersunderneathit thesecondoldestbuildingiscbecauseithasonelayerunderneathit thatlayeristheremainsofthebuildinginb themostrecentbuildingisbuildinga ithastwolayersunderneath theyaretheremainsofbuildingsbandc zh howcanyoutellhowoldthebonesarewhenyoufindthem listeningtext p42 datingmethods zhouhepinghascometoaskthearchaeologist richardleakey howhedatestheboneshefinds rl therearetwomainways thefirstuseslayersinthegroundandthesecondusestheradiocarbondating zh howdoesthelayermethodwork rl well manylayersofsoilwereproducedatdifferenttimes eachtimepeoplebuildhousesandlive somewhere theymakeanoccupationlayer eachhasadifferentcolorandtexture zh howdoesthathelp rl lookatthediagraminyourbook thinkofyourwastepaperbasket whenyoucameintoworkyouthrewtheorangeskinintoit later someonethrewtheiremptyyogurtpotsintoit thensomewastepaperwasadded finallysomeonethrewawaysomeusedenvelopes howmanylayersarethere zh therearefourlayers rl good nowwhichlayeristhelatest zh now letmethink yes it llbetheoneonthetop whichistheusedenvelopes rl andwhere stheoldestlayer zh atthebottom rl welldone whenwefindbonesinlayersofsoil weknowtheyarethesameageasthesoil zh isee rl nowlet sthinkaboutthesecondmethod zh iremember it scalledtheradiocarbondatingmethod that sastrangename rl yes itusestheradioactivitytomeasuretheamountofcarboninlivingthings thecarboninadead bodydisappearsatafixedrate weknowhowlongthistakes sowecanmeasuretheamountofcarbonandworkouthowoldaboneorplantis zh that sveryclever isitveryaccuratetoo rl therearesomeproblems soyou arealwaysgivenadateplusorminussomeyears forexample yourbonemaybedatedto10 000yearsagoplusorminus100years thismeanstheboneisbetween9 900yearsand10 100yearsold zh howclever howoldarethebonesfromthezhoukoudiancaves rl theyarebetween250 000and40 000yearsold zh perhapswecangoandvisitthesitetogethersometime rl ofcourse wheneveryoulike thefeast 18 000bc 北京人生活想象圖 北京猿人的化石首次發(fā)現(xiàn)于1927年1929年12月2日發(fā)現(xiàn)第一個完整的頭蓋骨到1937年已發(fā)現(xiàn)的北京人的頭蓋骨共5個 1941年12月太平洋戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后 在幾個美國人手里弄得下落不明 1966年又發(fā)現(xiàn)一個殘破的頭蓋骨 總共發(fā)現(xiàn)了屬于40多個個體的北京人化石 時間距今約七十萬年至二十萬年 北京人 北京猿人的特征 能夠制造和使用勞動工具 能使用天然火 擺脫了雜交的婚姻形態(tài) 生活艱苦 壽命比較短暫 北京人使用過的石器 北京人石器制作法 山頂洞人 距今時間 18000年前 地點 北京周口店龍骨山山頂洞穴 體形 同現(xiàn)代人大體一樣 腦容量 1300 1500毫升 生產(chǎn)和生活 開始采用磨制和鉆孔技術(shù)制造石器 骨器制造骨針 縫制獸皮衣服產(chǎn)生了原始宗教儀式過著氏族公社的生活 山頂洞人頭骨 山頂洞人 drawthemainideaofeachparagraph scanning para1 lalaworriedaboutthepreparationsforthefeastandshehopedthefeastcouldbeasgoodastheonelastyear para2 lalaandherfamiliesmadepreparationsforthefeast para3 thedescriptionofdahu para4 howdiddahumaketools thistextismainlyanimaginativestoryaboutafamilyfeastof a agirl b aman c agirloftheearliestpeople d amoderngirl2 fromthefirstparagraph wecanlearnthatthefamilygroupslivedon a fishb crops c huntingd farming c c choosethebestanswer 3 lala sguestscameto a dance b talkaboutanimportantthing c enjoyafeast d seelala4 dahuwentouttosharpenthescrapersto a killanenemyb usethemasweapons c scrapethefishd cutstones c c 5 fromthetextwecaninferthatfamilygroups a livedtogetherb livedfaraway c livedinthesamecaved livedseparately d 1 whoworkscooperativelyandwhodoestasksalone bothmenandwomenworkcooperatively forexample lala smotherandauntswerepreparingthemeatofdeerandpigoverthefire mendotasksalone answerthefollowingquestionsafterreadingthetext 2 whodoesthemostdangeroustasks mendothemostdangeroustasks 3 wheredoesthedangercomefrom thedangercomesfromthewildanimals 1readthepassageandfindoutwhatthepossibleworkdivisionwasbetweenmenandwomeninprimitivesocietiesandfillinthechartbelow makingandrepairingtools huntinganimals protectingthegroupfromharm cuttingdowntrees lookingafterchildren preparingskinstomakeclothes cuttingupmeatandfishforcooking collectingnuts fruitandwater inpairsworkoutwhichjobsdahudidandwhichlaladid catchfish repairstone makescrapersandaxe heads collectfruitandnuts preparefood 3nowlookcloselyatthetasksbeforeanddiscusswhichadjectivesbestdescribeeachofthem giveyourreasons caringtoughprotectivedangeroussafeusefulco operativepatientindividualexhaustingskilful men stasks patient toolmaking dangerous hunting someindividual toolmakingandrepairing andsomeco operative hunting skilful toolmaking protective ofgroup women stasks co operative cooking caring providingfood patient collectingfood skilful cooking individual collectingnutsandfruit co operativetasks individualtasks mostdangeroustasks menhuntinganimals womendoingcookingandpreparingfoodmenmakingorrepairingtools womencollectingfruitandnutsmenhuntinganimals answerkeyforexercise4 wherethedangercomesfrom sharingoftasks wildanimalslivingnearthecaves menandwomenhadclearlydividedtasks fireandcollectingnutsneededtobedoneeverydaybutkillinganimalswouldonlybedonenowandthen sothewomen staskswerecontinuousandthemen stasksweremoreperiodic 1 bepreparedtodosth bepreparedforsth 為 做好準備她已準備好應(yīng)付這一切 she anythingtohappen 我可不愿意在這兒受這種奇恥大辱 andlistentotheseoutrageousinsults waspreparedfor iamnotpreparedtostay languagepoints 2 applaudv 贊賞 鼓掌向 某人或某物 表示贊賞 尤指鼓掌歡呼everyoneapplaudedwhentheplayended allpeoplepresentapplaudedhersuccess iapplaudyourdecision 我贊成你的決定 3 acceleratevi vt 加速 促進她加快車速超過了前面的公共汽車 she andpassedthebusinfront acceleratedhercar 4 ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetter 要是她能為將來做更好的打算該多好啊 1 ifonly要是 只要是 往往引起虛擬語氣 用感嘆句 用過去完成時表示對過去的虛擬 用一般過去時表示對現(xiàn)在的虛擬 我要是能飛就好了 2 lookahead向前看 做未來的打算你是否想過五年后你要做些什么 towhatyou llbedoinginfiveyears time ifonlyicouldfly haveyoulookedahead 5 arrestvt 逮捕 吸引 扣留 阻止 抑制n 逮捕 拘留 停止他被警察逮捕了 她警告的口吻引起了我的注意 herwarningtone 警方在足球賽時逮捕了一些人 thepoliceman duringthefootballmatch hewasarrestedbythepolice arrestedmyattention madeseveralarrests arrestsbfor因 逮捕某人arrestone sattention引起 的注意力attractone sattention drawone sattention 6 dizzy havingawhirlingsensationandatendencytofall眩暈的 眼花的感到眩暈并要摔倒的adizzyheight令人暈眩的高度theoldwomanwasdizziedbythestrongwind 那位老太太被風吹得頭昏眼花 thedisasterdizziedhisbrain 那場災(zāi)難弄得他頭腦昏亂 7 reliefn u 痛苦或憂慮的 減輕或解除 u 救濟品 c 減輕痛苦的事物這藥可以稍微減輕你的痛苦 thismedicinewill 政府送救濟品給在臺風中失去家園的人們 thegovernment wholosttheirhomesinthetyphoon toone srelief令 放心的是 令 感到寬慰的是muchtohisrelief finallyhislostsonwasfoundbythepolice giveyousomerelief sentrelieftothepeople 見到你在這兒也就放心了 tofindyouhere 她把夾腳的鞋脫下時說 可松快了 shesaid asshetookhertightshoesoff 8 gailyadv 快樂地 興高采烈地gayadj 快樂的 輕松的thelittlegirlwaschatteringgailyalltheway 那小女孩一路上興高采烈地說個不停 it sagreatrelief whatarelief 9 patientadj 耐心的 病人bepatientwith對 有耐心的patiencen 耐心 忍耐tobecomeanurse oneofthequalificationsneededispatience 10 skilful熟練的 有技巧的askilfuldriverbeskilfulat doing sth對 熟練 1 the housesmellsasifithasn tbeenlivedinforyears a littlewhitewoodenb littlewoodenwhitec whitewoodenlittled woodenwhitelittle practiceadjectives a 2 johnsmith asuccessfulbusbusinessman hasa car a largegermanwhiteb largewhitegermanc whitelargegermand germanlargewhite b 3 this girlislinda scousin a prettylittlespanishb spanishlittleprettyc spanishprettylittled littleprettyspanish a 4 studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace a tenstrongyoungchineseb tenchinesestrongyoungc chinesetenyoungstrongd youngstrongtenchinese a 多個形容詞順序巧記 一座漂亮的舊石橋afineoldstrongbridge一些酸綠的食用蘋果somesourgreeneatingapples口訣順序 冠 代 數(shù) 形 形狀 性質(zhì) 大 大小 長短 新 新舊 色 顏色 國 國家 產(chǎn)地 材 材料 用途 名 名詞 whatsurprisedhimmosthappened sundaymorning inacoldrainyb onacoldrainyc inarainycoldd onarainycold b lookattheseobjects theywerefoundduringanexcavationinthesanxingduiruins supposeyouworkinamuseumandyourjobistodescribetheobjectsastheyarebroughttothemuseum speakingandwriting 三星堆 人類文明的奇觀發(fā)現(xiàn) 三星堆遺址最早發(fā)現(xiàn)于1929年春天 偶然的機緣 廣漢中興場 今南興鎮(zhèn) 月亮灣一燕氏農(nóng)民在挖水溝的時候 不經(jīng)意間發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊色彩斑瀾的玉石 殊不知 一扇古蜀歷史的大門因之而悄然洞開 沉睡了數(shù)千年的遠古王國初露端倪 挖出的石壁 玉環(huán) 玉瑗 玉璋等珍貴文物達400余件 廣漢玉器 從此聲名鵲起 引起了文博界極大關(guān)注 華西大學 今四川大學 博物館教授葛維漢 美籍 及助手林名均于1933年底帶領(lǐng)考古隊進駐月亮灣 取得了大量的考古資料和文物標本 這些文物標本在很長的一段時間里 被稱為 廣漢文化遺物 發(fā)掘 1933年的發(fā)掘是三星堆遺址歷史上第一次正式發(fā)掘 自此引發(fā)了半個世紀的三星堆遺址考古 以后的幾十年里 幾代考古學人相繼在這塊土地上不懈地耕耘探索 取得了豐碩的成果 東 西 南三面城墻的確認 大型宮殿遺址的發(fā)掘清理以及數(shù)以萬計文物的出土 尤其是1986年7月至9月間 兩個大型祭祀坑的相繼發(fā)現(xiàn) 上千件文物精品洋洋灑灑地橫空出世 震驚了全國轟動了全世界 根據(jù)半個多世紀以來考古調(diào)查發(fā)掘資料的匯集 可將三星堆遺址的文化層次分為新石器時代和夏 商 周四個大的時代 在這四個時代中 小平底陶罐 圈足陶豆 高柄豆等典型器物在不同時期的形制 基本上反映出 這一文化連續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)系及連貫性 大型青銅立人像 縱目人面像 八鳥四牛尊 金杖 戴金面罩青銅人頭像 青銅神樹等 三星堆文物作為罕見的 集群展現(xiàn)的人類上古史奇珍 有許多器物是世界上獨一無二的 三星堆青銅器每一件都有其獨特之處 其光怪陸離 奇異詭譎的造型不愧是稀世之珍 whataretheydoing excavate collect identifyandanalyze 三星堆縱目人 戴冠縱目人青銅面具 bronzesacredtree bronzeanimal faceimage bird shapedornament pot 青銅立人像 inpairsdiscusswhattheseobjectswerepossiblyusedfor alltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinsanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktoetween3 000and5 000yearsago thenwriteadescriptionfortheguidebookofthesanxingduiruins youshouldinclude thenameofthesitewherethefourobjectswerefoundandtheirpossibledates adescriptionofeachincludingappearance shapeandaguessaboutthematerialitwasmadeof whateachmightbeusedfor whatwecanlearnfromtheseobjectsaboutthepeoplewholivedthen itlookslike howlargedoyouthinkitis itmay mightbeusedas for itcouldbemadefrom itcouldbe because isthereany onthe isitingood poorcondition whatdoyouthinkitis youmayfindtheseexpressionuseful 3writeaparagraphaboutoneoftheobjects remembertocheckyourownworkforcorrectgrammar spellingandpunctuation useheadingstoorganizeyourwriting sampledescriptionforguidebook 1specialbronzetreeitis395cmhighwithsomebranchesonthetree therearethreekindsoffruitoneachbranch oneofthefruitisapeach thetreemayhavehadareligiousmeaningandisconnectedwiththeskyandtheearth 2bronzemaskthisisaman facemaskwithtwoeyes twoearsandhair itfitsoveranadult