人教版初三英語上unit3知識點講解及練習(xí).doc

Unit 3: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.【重點短語】1take the test 參加考試 pass the test 通過考試 fail a test 考試失敗be strict with+人 對某人嚴(yán)格be strict in+事物 對某事要求嚴(yán)格stay up 熬夜clean up 打掃整理learn from each other 互相學(xué)習(xí)concentrate on 專注于ones own 某人自己的the other day 前幾天，幾天前 = a few days agohave an opportunity to do sth.有機(jī)會做某事=have a chance to do/ of doingevery other day每隔一天 （每兩天）= every two days at present 現(xiàn)在，目前in this way 用這種方法in the way 擋道的，妨礙人的on the way 在路上 on ones way to 在某人去的路上by the way 順便說（問）be serious about 對認(rèn)真care for在乎、關(guān)心【語言點】 1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.應(yīng)該允許青少年選擇自己的衣服。 allow 允許allow + n. 允許某事 如：We cant allow such a thing. 我們不允許這樣的事（發(fā)生） allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動語態(tài)） 如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。 allow doing sth. 允許做某事 如：They dont allow smoking here. be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動語態(tài)） 如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qingdao. 莉莉被允許去青島。2. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.賓語從句中否定轉(zhuǎn)移： 若賓語從句跟在think, believe等表示“想，認(rèn)為的動詞之后，而主語為第一人稱時，句子的否定體現(xiàn)在主句上。 常用詞有：suppose(猜想), guess（猜、猜測）, imagine（想象）, expect（期待）如： I dont think he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對 I dont think its a good idea.我認(rèn)為那不是一個好主意。 3.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.16歲的青少年應(yīng)該被允許打耳洞。V. + 賓語+ 賓補get/have + 賓語 + 過去分詞 請或讓某人做某事 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車 I want to have my hair cut. 我要理發(fā). I usually get my hair cut once a month.我通常一個月理一次發(fā)。 keep sb/ sth. 形容詞使某人/某物保持. 如：We should keep our city clean. 我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。Dont keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太久4. They arent serious enough.他們不夠嚴(yán)肅。enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物 I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 enough to do sth.足夠去做如： She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。 5. He should stop wearing that silly earring.他應(yīng)該停止戴那個愚蠢的耳環(huán)。 stop 停止、阻止stop doing sth. 停止做某事如：Please stop speaking.請停止說話。stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事 如：Please stop to speak. 請停下來說話。cant stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 如：I cant stop laughing when I heard it.聽到那件事，我忍不住大笑起來。6. Sb. seems to do sth. = It seems that +從句 看起來好像 He seems to feel very sad. = It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。 He doesnt seem to have many friends. =It seems that he doesnt have many friends. =He seems not to have many friends.7. 程度副詞：always總是 usually經(jīng)常 sometimes有時 never從不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我總是/經(jīng)常/有時/從不上學(xué)遲到。8. -We have a lot of rules at my house. 在家里我們有許多規(guī)定。-So do we. 我們也是。（倒裝句）so + be/ 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 + 主語表示前面所敘述的肯定情況也適合于后者，所敘述的不是同一人或物。 “也是如此”neither（nor）+ be/ 助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語表示前面所敘述的否定情況也適合于后者，所敘述的不是同一人或物?！耙膊弧?如：Tom has been to Beijing. So have I. - He speaks English well. - So he does. / - So do you. He cant swim. Neither/ Nor can I.9. go doing go shopping(去購物) go fishing(去釣魚) go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船) go hiking(去登山) go trekking(去徒步)10. care take care 留神，小心=be careful，保重 Take care not to drop it.當(dāng)心別把它掉了。 take care of 照顧，照料=look after 如： I took care of my sister well. care about 關(guān)心，在乎 如：That girl never cares about others. care for 喜歡，照顧，為操心 如：You should care for your sick mother.11. 對 熱衷， 對興趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。 sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。12. sleep n./v. 睡覺 I sleep for 7 hours every day. asleep adj. 睡著的，睡熟的 表狀態(tài) 不能在名詞之前 She is asleep in the bed. sleepy adj. 想睡覺的，困乏的 Im sleepy, I want to go to bed. sleeping adj. 睡著的，正在睡覺的 在名詞之前 This is a sleeping dog.13. agree to + 建議、計劃、安排等名詞 agree with + 人、表示意見的詞 agree on + 具體協(xié)議的文件、行動等名詞agree to do 同意做某事14. have +時間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off off 不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假. They havent had a day off since last week. 從上周來,他們沒休息過一天.【重點語法】 1.被動語態(tài) 英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)表示是動作的執(zhí)行者 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主動語態(tài)）貓吃魚。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被動語態(tài))魚被貓吃。 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：由“助動詞be 及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成助動詞be 有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be 作為連系動詞時完全一樣。時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在 時am are +過去分詞is English is spoken in many countries.一般過去 時was +過去分詞were + 過去分詞This bridge was built in 1989.情 態(tài)動 詞can/shouldmay +be+過去分詞must/The work must be done right now. 2. 倒裝句由so助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動詞主語意為：也是一樣 Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一個學(xué)生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I. 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是。 She has finished the work. So have I. 她已經(jīng)完成了工作，我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither can John.例題 ( )1. -Look at the sign on the right. -Oh, smoking here.A. doesnt allow B.isnt allowed C.didnt allow D. wasnt allowed( )2. If people cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere .A.keep, to live inB. will keep, to live inC.keep, to live D.will keep, to live ( )3.Lucy speaks English . She can talk to the guests from the USA. A. enough good B.enough well C.goodenough D. well enough ( )4. Mr. Black, can you tell me the best way a foreign language? A.learnB.learning C.of learnD.to learn ( )5. Its very hot in the room. Would you please keep the window . A.openB.opens C.to open D.close( )6. James, Im too tired. Lets stop a rest . A.having B.have C.to having D.to have( )7. Can we agree a date for the next meeting? A. to B. on C. with D. of( )8. The twins are good at . They are both in the club. A.run, run B.runs, running C.run, ranD.running, running( )9. We dont agree them, but we agree the plan. A.with, with B.to, to C.with, to D.to, with( )10. Tom agreed friends with me.A. make B. makes C. making D. to make（ ）11. I dont your opinion.A. care about B. care for C. take care of D. take care（ ）12. when you cross the road.A. Care about B. Care for C. Take care of D. Take care（ ）13.-I have read the book before. -Me, too. (選出與劃線部分意思相同的一項)A. We are the same B. So have I C. Also I D. Neither have I 練習(xí) 【單項選擇】( )1.Jimenjoyslisteningtopopmusic. A.SodoesHelen.B.AlsoisHelen C.HelenlikesalsoD.SoHelendoes ( )2.OurEnglishteacherisverystrict_usandheisstrict_histeaching. A.with,atB.with,withC.at,atD.with,in ( )3.Whatsthematter? TheysaidIshouldnotbeallowedhere.Theydontallow_inthewaitingroom. A.smoking,tosmokeB.tosmoke,smoke C.tosmoke,smokingD.smoking,smoking ( )4.Hedoesntdohishomework_,thoughhehas_. A.carefullyenough,enoughtimeB.enoughcarelessly,timeenough C.carelesslyenough,enoughtimeD.enoughcarefully，enoughtime ( )5.Thelittlechildwastoo_toheartheendofthelongspeech. A.sleepyB.asleepC.sleepD.sleeping ( )6.Everyone_tohaveatleasteight_sleepatnight. A.needs,hoursB.need,hoursC.needed,hoursD.needs,hours ( )7.Weshouldgotoschoolat8:00_schoolmornings. A.atB.inC.onD.of ( )8.SomethingiswrongwithmyPDA.Iwillgetit_. A.repairB.repairingC.torepairD.repaired ( )9.Excuseme,youare_ofmypassingthrough.Imsorry,hereyougo. A.onthewayB.inthewayC.outthewayD.offtheway ( )10.Jilldidntfinishthehomework,_. A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.neither ( )11.Youmustconcentratemore_yourEnglish. A.toB.inC.onD.at ( )12.Thatisagoodwaytokeep_teachersandstudentshappy. A.eitherB.noneC.allD.both ( )13.Dontget_whenyoustudyingroups. A.noiseB.noisesC.noisyD.noising ( )14.Weshouldlearn_eachother. A.toB.fromC.forD.of ( )15.Thechildrenoftentaketimetodothingslike_. A.volunteer B.tovolunteer C.volunteersD.volunteering【用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空】 1. People are not ( allow) to smoke in some public places. 2. My parents didnt use to allow (watch) TV on weekdays. But I was (watch) TV on Sundays. 3. Our TV doesnt work at all. I am going to get it (repair). 4. When did you get your hair (cut). 5. He got me (help) him. 【句型轉(zhuǎn)換】 1. Teenagers should be allowed to wear that earring.(否定句)Teenagers to wear that earring. 2. He should allow you to make your own decision. (被動語態(tài))You should to make your own decision.【翻譯句子】1. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該被允許用電腦來做家庭作業(yè)。Students do their homework with computers.2. 我們認(rèn)為他不會把那本書借給你。 3. 我相信他沒有撒謊。 4. 我沒有足夠的時間等他們。I dont have for them.【閱讀理解】Tom walked into a shop. It bad a sign outside : Second-hand (舊的) clothes bought and sold . He was carrying an old pair of trousers and asked the owner of the shop, How much will you give me for these? The man looked at them and then said: Two dollars.What! said Tom. I had guessed they were worth at least five dollars.No, said the man, they arent worth a cent more than two dollars.Well, said Tom, taking two dollars out of his pocket. Heres your money. These trousers were hanging outside your shop. The list price (標(biāo)價)of them was six dollars and a half. But I thought that was too much money, so I wanted to find out how much they were really worth.Then he walked out of the shop with the pair of trousers and disappeared before the shop owner could think of anything to say.( )1. At first the owner of the shop th