八下英語結(jié)合課本復(fù)習(xí)歸納.doc

Unit 1 Will people have robots? 語言要點(diǎn)1. - What do you think Sally will be in five years?- I think shell be a doctor.2. - What do you think life will be like in 100 years?- Every home will have a robot.3. - Will kids go to school?- No, they wont. Theyll study at home.4. - There will be fewer trees.5. robot, credit card, leisure time, pollution, astronaut, apartment, rockets, space station, moon, fewer, less, fall in love with, World Cup, in the future, the same as, help withUnit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（1）1. fall v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下；跌落；變成示例 The book fell off the shelf. 這本書從架子上掉了下來。用法 fall用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要有兩種用法。一種是作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，可以和介詞或副詞搭配，表示“落下；跌落”，例如：I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一種是作為系動(dòng)詞，與形容詞連用，表示進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)，如：fall asleep 入睡（進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)）。fall的動(dòng)詞過去式是fallen。fall用作名詞時(shí)，表示“落下；降低”，例如：I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐著聽雨點(diǎn)落在屋檐上的聲音。fall還可以表示“秋天”，與autumn意思相同。詞匯擴(kuò)展常用搭配：fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于（某人或某物） fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜愛；愛上 fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落；被絆倒諺語：He who does not advance falls backward. 不進(jìn)則退。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕兵必?cái)　?. alone adv. Without any companions 獨(dú)自地；孤獨(dú)地示例 I dont like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后獨(dú)自外出。用法 解析 along 和lonely：（1）alone 既可用作形容詞，又可用作副詞，意思是“獨(dú)自的（地）；單獨(dú)的（地）”，側(cè)重于說明獨(dú)自一人，沒有同伴或助手。alone和on ones own，by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容詞時(shí)，一般與be 動(dòng)詞連用，在句中作表語。例如：She is alone at home. 她獨(dú)自一人在家。alone 用作副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，放在動(dòng)詞后面作狀語。例如：I like to work alone. 我喜歡獨(dú)自一人工作。alone 用作副詞時(shí)，也可作定語，意思是“只有；僅僅”，但必須置于它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。例如：This year alone, weve already planted ten thousand trees. 僅是今年，我們已經(jīng)載了一萬顆樹。（2）lonely只用作形容詞，它在句中既可作定語，也可作表語，表示“孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的”。該詞帶有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定語時(shí)，意思為“孤單的；荒涼的；偏僻的”等。例如：Thats a lonely island. 那是一個(gè)荒涼的島嶼。Lonely用作表語時(shí)，可以表示“孤寂的；寂寞的”。例如：I was alone but I didnt feel lonely. 我獨(dú)自一人，但我并不感到孤獨(dú)。詞匯拓展 常用搭配：let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物；聽其自然 let alone 不管；不必考慮諺語：An evil chance seldom comes alone. 禍不單行3. dress v. put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣示例 Is she old enough to dress herself yet? 她會(huì)自己穿衣服了嗎？用法 dress還可以用作名詞，表示“女服；連衣裙；服裝”。例如：Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 瑪麗昨晚穿了件紅色的連衣長(zhǎng)裙。辨析 dress，put on 和wear：（1）用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，dress既可以表動(dòng)作，也可以表狀態(tài)，常用人作賓語，意思是“穿衣服”，例如：She is only a girl of three. She cant dress herself. 她只是一個(gè)三歲的女孩，她還不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是，在表示“給自己穿衣”時(shí)，我們通常說dress oneself (= get dressed)；當(dāng)dress表示狀態(tài)時(shí)，一般要用be dressed in 結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿著一件紅色的上衣。（2）put on 意思是“穿（戴）上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。例如：He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。（3）wear意思是“穿（戴）著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。例如：Lucys mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母親常常戴著一副眼鏡。詞匯擴(kuò)展常用搭配：dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妝打扮諺語：Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用，穿是使別人受用。Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（2）1. unpleasant adj. not pleasant; not enjoyable 使人不愉快的；不合意的示例 There is an unpleasant smell from this room. 這屋子里散發(fā)出一種難聞的氣味。用法 unpleasant可以表示“令人不快的；討厭的”，例如：I found his manner very unpleasant. 我覺得他的態(tài)度討厭極了。詞匯拓展相關(guān)詞：unpleasantly adv. 厭惡地反義詞：pleasant adj. 令人愉快的記憶導(dǎo)航unpleasant 是由pleasant 加上否定前綴un-構(gòu)成的。類似這種構(gòu)詞法的詞還有：able有能力的unable沒有能力的；happy高興的unhappy不高興的。2. hundred n. the number 100; a very large number of things or people （一）百；許多（事物或人）示例 The tree was probably a hundred years old. 這棵樹可能已經(jīng)有一百年了。Hundreds of people attended the famous directors farewell concert. 好幾百人出席了這位著名指揮家的告別音樂會(huì)。用法 hundred 用于數(shù)詞或含有數(shù)量意義的詞之后，一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：three hundred, a few hundred 等。但當(dāng)hundred 表示“成百的；許多的”意思時(shí)，它面前不用具體數(shù)字，而常用hundreds of 結(jié)構(gòu)。注意hundred 在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面可加some，a few，several等詞修飾。例如：Her coat cost hundreds of dollars. 她的大衣價(jià)值幾百美元。類似的搭配還有thousands of數(shù)以千計(jì)的；許多的，millions of 數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的；無數(shù)的。詞匯拓展諺語：One good head is better than a hundred strong hands. 上百雙有力的手，不如一個(gè)聰明的頭腦。To hear a hundred times is not so good as to see once. 百聞不如一見。3. such adj. of the same kind as the thing or person which has already been mentioned 這（那）樣的；這（那）種示例He noticed her necklace. Such jewels must have cost a lot, he thought. 他注意到了她的項(xiàng)鏈。他想，這樣的首飾肯定價(jià)格不菲。用法 辨析such 和so：（1）such 是形容詞，意思是“這（那）樣的；這（那）種；如此的”，修飾名詞。例如：I have never seen such a beautiful place before. 我從未見過這么美的地方。需要特別注意的是，such修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該按照如下詞序：such + a / an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。（2）so是副詞，意思是“這（那）么；這（那）樣；如此地”，修飾形容詞、副詞和分詞。例如：I have never seen so beautiful a place before. 我從未見過這么美的地方。同樣，需要特別注意的是，so修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該按照如下詞序：so + 形容詞 + a / an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。此外，當(dāng)名詞前有few，many，little，much等修飾詞時(shí)，要用so。例如：so many people，so few days，so much time，so little money等。詞匯拓展常用搭配：such as 例如 such and such 某某；這樣那樣的諺語：Theres no such thing as a free lunch. 世上沒有免費(fèi)的午餐。Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（3）1. in prep. 在之后（用于將來時(shí)）in 100 years 在一百年后People will have robots in their homes in 100 years.一百年以后，人們家中會(huì)有機(jī)器人。比較：after 在之后（用于過去時(shí)，表示從過去某時(shí)間起一段時(shí)間之后）He will come back in two hours. 他兩小時(shí)后會(huì)回來。He came back after two hours. 他是兩小時(shí)后回來的。2. less, fewer 比較少；more 比較多 less 是little 的比較級(jí)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞 fewer是few的比較級(jí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞 more 是much和many的比較級(jí) much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，many修飾可數(shù)名詞I have less money than he has. 我的錢比他的少。There are more building in this city than in that city.這個(gè)城市的樓房比那個(gè)城市多。3. fall in love with . 愛上Last year I visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.去年我參觀了藝術(shù)展，愛上了畢加索的作品。4. a kind of . 一種；some kinds of . 幾種a kind of book 一種書five kinds of flowers 五種花many different kinds of goldfish 各種不同的金魚（fish 單復(fù)數(shù)相同，此處是復(fù)數(shù)）5. as well as 也；與too 同義 He likes this book and he likes that book, too. / He likes this book as well as that book. 他喜歡這本書，也喜歡那本書 She can come here, too. / She can come here as well. 她也能來。6. worth adj. 值；值得；相當(dāng)于價(jià)值 This house is worth $10 000. 這個(gè)房子價(jià)值一萬美元。 be (well) worth doing sth. （很）值得做 That film is (well) worth seeing. 那部電影（很）值得看。 These books are worth reading twice. 這幾本書值得看兩遍。7. knock down . 擊倒，撞倒；拆除 knock down the pins 擊倒球柱 knock down the machine 拆除機(jī)器 knock 組成的詞語還有： knock on (at) the door 敲門 knock into sb. 撞了某人 knock up 叫醒Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（4）1. prediction n. 預(yù)言，預(yù)測(cè)predict v. predict + that 后接從句，如The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow. 天氣預(yù)告說明天陽光明媚。I predict that he will win. 我預(yù)測(cè)他會(huì)贏。2. paper moneypaper n. 紙，紙張，是不可數(shù)名詞，如a piece of paper。paper money 中paper是名詞做定語，表材質(zhì)，只用單數(shù)。newspaper n. 報(bào)紙，可數(shù)名詞 3. space n. 表示“宇宙，空間時(shí)”，不可數(shù)名詞；通常前面不用冠詞。There are many stars in outer space. 在太空中有很多恒星。Travel through space to other planets interests many people.現(xiàn)在很多人對(duì)穿越太空去其他星球旅行感興趣。 4. besides prep. 除了還；相當(dāng)于as well as, in addition to。如：Besides basketball, he also plays soccer well.除了打籃球以外，他踢足球也踢得很好。All of us passed besides John.除了約翰外，我們也都及格了。I also went there besides Mary.除了瑪麗我也去了。 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)目標(biāo)話題 表達(dá)個(gè)人主張和意見目標(biāo)功能 學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)對(duì)未來的預(yù)測(cè)和想法目標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 一般將來時(shí)will的用法People will have robots in their rooms.There will be more population.2. more, less和fewer用于表示數(shù)量的用法more / fewer + countable nounsmore / less + uncountable nouns目標(biāo)詞匯 核心詞 robot, everything, paper, use, less, fewer, tree, building, space, fly, took, moon, fall, fell, alone, pet, probably, dress, which, even, wrote, myself, interview, future, came, company, thought, unpleasant, scientist, however, hundred, already, made, factory, simple, such, everywhere, human, shape, snake, huge, possible, electric, seem, impossible, housework拓展詞 pollution, astronaut, rocket, space, suit, casually, predict, prediction, earthquake, sound, bored, toothbrush認(rèn)讀詞 parrot, fiction, rating詞組 space station, fall in love with, go skating, be able to, come true, hundreds of, in the future, look for 目標(biāo)文化1. 對(duì)自己、他人以及環(huán)境的未來發(fā)展進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)2. 了解一些科學(xué)常識(shí)目標(biāo)策略 鼓勵(lì)大膽而合理的預(yù)測(cè)；按時(shí)間順序描述事件Unit 1 Will people have robots? 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥 ILanguage Goals 通過做預(yù)言，談?wù)撐磥戆l(fā)生的事情。用一般過去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)談?wù)撨^去、現(xiàn)在和將來發(fā)生的事情。能用上述三種時(shí)態(tài)談?wù)撟约夯蛩说倪^去、現(xiàn)在和未來。IIKey Words1in prep在之后（用于將來時(shí)） in l00 years 在一百年后 People will have robots in their homes in 100 years 一百年以后，人們家中會(huì)有機(jī)器人。 比較：after在之后（用于過去時(shí)，表示從過去某時(shí)間起一段時(shí)間之后） He will come back in two hours他兩小時(shí)后會(huì)回來。 He came back after two hours 他是兩小時(shí)后回來的。21ess，fewer 比較少； more 比較多 less是little的比較級(jí)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞 fewer是few的比較級(jí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞 more是much和many的比較級(jí) much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，many修飾可數(shù)名詞 I have less money than he has我的錢比他的少。 There are more buildings in this city than in that city 這個(gè)城市的樓房比那個(gè)城市多。3fall in love with. 愛上 Last year l visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work Of Picasso 去年我參觀了藝術(shù)展，愛上了畢加索的作品。4a kind of. 一種 some kinds of. 幾種 a kind of book 一種書 five kinds of flowers 五種花 many different kinds of gold fish 各種不同的金魚 （fish單復(fù)數(shù)相同，此處是復(fù)數(shù)）5as well as 也；與too同義。 He likes this book and he likes that book, too Or: He likes this book as well as that hook他喜歡這本書，也喜歡那本書。 She can come here, too Or: She can come here as well她也能來。6worth adj值；值得；相當(dāng)于的價(jià)值 This house is worth $l0 000這個(gè)房子價(jià)值一萬美元。 be （well）worth doing sth（很）值得做 That film is （well）worth seeing那部電影（很）值得看 These books are worth reading twice這幾本書值得看兩遍7knock down. 擊倒，撞倒；拆除 knock down the pins擊倒球柱 knock down the machine拆除機(jī)器 knock組成的詞語還有： knock on（at）the door敲門 knock into sb撞了某人 knock up叫醒IIIKey Sentence Structures Will there be less pollution? No, there wont There will be more pollution Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will What do you think Sally will be in five years? I think shell be a doctorUnit 1 Will people have robot? 寫作學(xué)校要舉辦My future is not a dream. 的演講比賽，請(qǐng)你寫一篇演講稿參加比賽。參考句型及詞匯：In ten years or more, I will .try, study hard, keep fit, work well,make achievement, achieve success .寫作點(diǎn)撥：寫演講稿時(shí)應(yīng)注意：1. 就本文來說可先描述對(duì)未來的暢想，然后寫為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的夢(mèng)想應(yīng)該如何去做，最后表明自己的決心。2. 暢想未來時(shí)，應(yīng)用一般講來時(shí)。參考范文：My Future is not a dream.Future! What an exciting word!Very often I ask myself: What will the future be like? Sometimes I sit at my desk, daydreaming. Could I make great achievement in the future? Will my future be a bed of rose? Can I grasp the chances when they come to me?In ten years or more, will I be working as a scientist, a teacher or a soldier? After work, what other things can I do? Maybe I can go to many places and see the world. And Ill have more leisure hours for books. There are so many books I want to read. Ill go swimming in the real sea, and to skate on real ice!Facing the future, I couldnt help feeling excited. As a junior middle school student, first of all I must study hard, keep fit and work well. Furthermore, I will learn English well. Ill do my best and Im sure Ill achieve success.I feel confident for my future.Unit 1 Will people have robots? 閱讀（1）Read the following passage and Choose the best answers(讀短文，選擇最佳答案。)People began to make robots about several hundred years ago. In the past, some of the early ones looked like animals or humans. However, they couldnt talk and were pretty dumb. They worked like clocks and did the same things over and over.Now modern robots dont always look like people. Some are like big machines; others are nothing but long arms attached to boxy (箱子般四方) bodies. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own. Their brains are computers and their eyes are sensors (傳感器). Motors (發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)) help them move.In the future, robots will learn from their mistakes more than they do now. They will be smarter. Its possible that we will have robot judges, robot house-hold workers, and robot factory workers. Robots will help people to do more things.( ) 1How long is the history of robots? AHundreds of years BSeveral hundred yearsCSeven hundreds years( ) 2Whats the possible meaning of dumb?ATalking like people BClever CUnintelligent( ) 3Most robots look like people AIn the past BNow CIn the future( ) 4Which of the following is false about modern robots?ASome robots can solve problems on their ownBSome robots are like big machinesCSome robots brains are sensors( ) 5What cant robots do in the future according to the passage?AThey can help people do houseworkBThey can work in factoryCThey can have brains as people 參考答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. CWrite T for true or F for faIse for each sentence according to the passage(根據(jù)短文判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)。)Robots seem very new to most peopleBut they have a long historyThe first one was made by a Greek inventor. You may see robots in some films. The robots in these films are stronger, faster and cleverer than people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring jobs. Some people cant look after themselves and robots are used to help them. For example, some people cant see, many of these people use a dog to help themselves move around. This dog is called a guide dog. Scientists are making a robot to help them. In the future, robot dogs might take the place of these guide dogs. Robots are also used in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to the sick peoples rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system. In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human help. They can, however, help US in a lot of different ways. ( ) 1Robots have a long history.( ) 2The first robot was invented by a Greek.( ) 3Robots can only be seen in films.( ) 4。Robots can help some people look after themselves.( ) 5Todays robots have quite a few different uses.( ) 6A robot cooks meals for the sick people at an American hospital.( ) 7Robots can help humans a lot both now and in the future. 參考答案： 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. TUnit 1 Will people have robots? 測(cè)試. VocabularyChoose the phrases to fill in the blanks, according to the sentencesAin 2008 Bmore people Cfewer holidays Dmore fresh airEafter we finish middle school Ften years from nowGless pollution Hbetter hospitals Iin the future Jnext yearA：What do you think our city will be like_?B：There will be_. Choose the correct answers( ) 1I think kids will study at home on computers ten years Aat Bfor Cafter Din( ) 2Hurry up! The train in two minutes Ago Bwent Cwill go Dgoes( ) 3My father was than he is now Athinner Bthin Cless Dfew( ) 4The boy off the bike and hurt his leg yesterday Afall Bfell Cfalls Dwill fall( ) 5I have homework to do than you Amuch less Bmuch Cvery little Dfewer( ) 6Do you like playing football or playing violin? Athe，the Bthe， C，the D，( ) 7I think that England next time Awill win Bwon Cis winning Dwins( ) 8His mother in a village five years ago Alives Blived Cis living Dwill live( ) 9 seems very hard to work out this problem AThat BThis CI DIt( ) 10There is only time leftWe must hurry ALittle Ba 1ittle Cfew Da fewForm sentences11ess，in，will，years，there，pollution，be，1002wont，be，any，there，money，paper3will，there，time，more，leisure，be4the，which，win，World，country，will，next，Cup5think，you，weather，what，the，do，like，will，be，tomorrowFill in the blanks with these phraseslike， worth， interesting， more，less，credit card， space station， as well as1I will be a reporter and meet many people2A is the place to live in space3Everyone will have a to buy things in 100 years4The work of Picasso is well buying5What will your 1ife be in ten years?6Skiing is interesting exciting7There will be money coming to the tsunami(海嘯) area8I have leisure time this term because I have a lot of homeworkVReading comprehensionATom and Fred are talking about the year 2020What will our world be like in the year 2020?I dont know.says FredWhat do you think?Well, no one knows, but Its interesting to guess.In the year 2020 everyone will carry a pocket computer. The computer will give people the answers to all their problems. We shall all have telephones in our pockets, too, and well be able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps well be able to see them at the same time.A lot of people will live and work under the sea. Perhaps there will be big towns, factories and farms under the sea, too.Machines will do most of the work, and so people will have more holidays, perhaps theyll work only two or three days a week. Theyll be able to fly to the moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there.Im looking forward(期待) to the year 2020. I hope to go to the moon!And I hope Ill be able to live under the sea.says Fred.Wont that be very interesting? Just like a fish!( ) 1Tom and Fred talked about Atheir school life Bsome interesting news Ctheir life in the past Dtheir life in the future( ) 2Machines will Ado most of the work instead of people Bdo some of the work instead of people Cdo as much work as people Ddo as 1ittle work as people( ) 3From their talk, we know that Aonly Fred hopes to fly to the moon Bboth of them hope to fly to the moon Cone of them hopes to fly to the moon Dneither of them hopes to fly to the moon( ) 4Fred said Ahe liked fish very much Bhe would like to live under the sea like