97年9月參考答案.doc

參考答案:SECTION 1：LISTENING TESTPART A：Spot Dictation1. produce fuel 2. four main areas3. a possible solution 4. look at the oil crisis5. alternative energy sources 6. fossil fuels7. harnessing of wind and waves 8. human and animal waste9. conversion of plant material 10. a large agriculture sector11. possiblility of using 12. in the production of alcohol13. has fallen dramatically 14. in the last decade15. dependent on 16. using their sugar17. relatively economical 18. other starchy plants19. in tropical countries 20. corn and sugar beetPART B: Listening Comprehension1-5 B D C A B 6-10 D B C A B11-15 C D B A B 16-20 A B B D BSECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 B C B D B 6-10 C C D B B11-15 D C C B B 16-20 D C B D CSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST對美國文化常見的批評(píng)，是說美國人過分熱衷于物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品而忽視人的精神。據(jù)稱，美國人只崇拜“萬能的美元”。我們美國人在生活上競相攀比。美國人鐘情于汽車，這一直是國內(nèi)外批評(píng)家嘲笑美國人的話。他們說，美國人以數(shù)量作為人生的倫理。東西是越大越好，無論是炸彈還是轎車。大多數(shù)美國人已不在乎彬彬有禮、和睦相處、量入為出的古典美德。其結(jié)果，我們美國人被說成吞噬著世界上不可再生的自然資源。美國人占世界人口的百分之六，卻消大海屜上三分之一以上的能源。這些是我們現(xiàn)在常常聽到的抱怨。的確，在某些方面，美國人可能信奉“追求幸福”就是追求物質(zhì)享受。SECTION 4: LISTENING TESTPart A: Note-taking and Gap-filling1. urbanization 2. uncontrolled3. common 4. unemployment5. peculiar/unique 6. industrialization7. consequences 8. migrate/move9. desirable 10. populated11. pressure 12. health13. excess 14. stop/stem/check15. developing 16. land17. motivated/willing 18. rural19. financial 20. LandownersPart B: Listening and Translation. Sentence Translation1. 紐約市的主要部分是個(gè)島，你只能通過隧道或橋才能接近它。2. 在中心城區(qū)泊車收費(fèi)十分高昂，因此大多數(shù)人對驅(qū)車進(jìn)城要猶豫再三。3. 我是倫敦總公司來的銷售代表，我想與你詳細(xì)討論一下銷售合同。4. 中國是世界上第三大國，僅次于俄羅斯和加拿大，有4000 多年不間斷的歷史。5. 由于政府采取的新措施，在過去5 年內(nèi)，該國的旅游業(yè)年平均增長率為10。. Passage Translation1. 終生教育的想法是可行的，因?yàn)槲覀儧Q不會(huì)因年紀(jì)太大而不能繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)然，這里會(huì)有某些限制，但不是年齡上的限制。例如，有人年過60 還想學(xué)踢足球。他這樣做是愚蠢的，但這僅僅因?yàn)槭撬纳眢w太老了，而不是智力的退化。2. 現(xiàn)在，很難知道該去哪兒投資。不斷變化的利率、銀行收費(fèi)以及各種不同的投資賬戶，讓人感到十分困惑。所以當(dāng)您知道，在北方銀行有友好、專業(yè)水準(zhǔn)的服務(wù)，保證使您對如何處置自己的錢財(cái)作出正確的決策，豈非一件大好事？我們可以在諸如保險(xiǎn)、抵押和退休金等一系列項(xiàng)目上向您提供咨詢。請隨時(shí)光臨北方銀行各分行。我們將高興地見到您！SECTION 5：READING TEST1. Because they set fire to a neighbours house, causing 4000 pound and damage destroyingeverything the family owned.2. The corporal punishment mentioned in this passage refers to beating of children/pupilsyoungsters as a form of punishment when they behave badly. The examples cited in thepassage are flogging/whipping, cuffing round/slapping the ear and smacking on the hand.3. According to Judge Rodwell, minor forms of corporal punisnment are “swift” and direct,which can easily lead children to understand their misdemeanour/bad behavior and stop“minor incidents escalating”.4. Here, “suspension is hardly a sanction”means “ordering the pupil to leave school for ashort period is not an effective punishment.”It can not stop the minor incidents/ offence andis of no educational/ disciplinary significance to children. As a result, it has almost noimpact on many children.5. Because these train companies put up very high bidding price and profit target in order towin the bids. Therefore, even the 16 percent increase of revenue over seven years will not beenough to cover the bidding cost and profit target they promised.6. In the earlier bidding of these franchises, the bidding conditions were more favourable to thebidders. The train services were either “free of charge” or sold at a very low price.7. It has caught the party off-hand and forced its transport team into embarrassing U-turns./They would/will make big changes in their rail policy and would have to pay more subsidyto some train services.8. As the price of singles flat is on the rise, it is time for prospective buyers to make quickdecisions when they find both the price and the flat are acceptable.9. Buyers often choose two-bed flats so that the other bed can be let to a friend. In this way,they can use the rent collected to pay the mortgage and to lower their own burden.10. This example shows the effects of rising price of singles flat. When the price was still quitelow, people felt the shell sizes of 1200 to 1400 sq ft were quite small. With the rising price,they felt such sizes were acceptable (otherwise they would have to pay much more for their“ideal”sizes)SECTION 6:TRANSLATION TESTLike a bright pearl set on the Taihu Lake and situated in the center of the beautiful andfertile Changjiang Delta in southern Jiangsu Province, Wuxi is one of Chinas major touristcities, with its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and picturesque scenery. Cutting throughthe city is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, an ancient project equal in fame to the Great Wall.A trip along the river will enable the visitor to get to know the customs and life styles of the localpeople.Seven kilometers from downtown Wuxi is a popular scenic area known as Meiliang. There,the Taihu Lake is at its best: the vast expanse of blue waters is dotted by fishing boats against anenchanting background of mist-shrouded hills. Of the scenic spots in the area, the huge rocknamed Yuantouzhu resembles a turtles head. The rock commands a distant view of theboundless Taihu Lake. It is lauded by Guo Moruo, a renowned Chinese poet, as the “best spot ofthe Taihu Lake”.聽力測試題錄音文字稿:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage withblanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Writeyour answer in the corresponding space in your answer booklet. Remember you will hear thepassage only once. Now lets begin Part A with Spot Dictation.Today Im going to consider very briefly a problem concerned with the competition for landuse, that is, whether crops should be used to produce food or should be used to produce fuel andin considering this problem I will look at four main areas: the historical background to theproblem, the economies involved in the competition for land use, some examples, and a possiblesolution to a potential problem.In considering the historical background we should look at the oil crisis of the 1970s due tothe rapid trend in increasing oil prices. Many countries have looked for alternative energysources to make them independent of other countries fossil fuels. Examples of alternativeenergy sources include such things as solar power, the harnessing of wind and waves, and alsothe production of biogas. Biogas is methane which is produced from human and animal waste.A particularly interesting possibility for many developing countries has been the coversionof plant material to alcohol. This is interesting because in many developing countries there is alarge agricultural sector and at the same time a small industrial sector and thus the possibility ofusing the agricultural sector to produce fuel is of interest to those countries.Research is going on in the production of alcohol, for example, from sugar and there aretwo main economic reasons for this. First of all, the world price of sugar has fallen dramaticallyor the world price of sugar has fallen in very real terms in the last decade. This has caused aproblem for those economies which are dependent on their sugar production as it gives them analternative possibility for using their sugar. And secondly sugar is the most efficient source ofalcohol, therefore, it is relatively economical to make fuel by distilling alcohol from it.In addition to sugar there are other starchy plants that can be used to make alcohol, forexample in tropical countries such plants as the cassava plant and the sweet potato are goodsources from which alcohol can be made and in non-tropical countries you have such things ascorn and sugar beet.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test, there will be some short talks and conversations. After eachone, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spokenonly once. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard andwrite the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your answer booklet.Now lets begin Part B with Listening Comprehension.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversationF: Er roughly, Mr. Andrew Simpson, when did you begin collecting badges?M: At my primary school, I think. The teachers used to give out badges to pupils who wereparticularly good at certain things. So I got a little blue badge with the word “swimming”on it, and then another one I rememberit was greenwhich had the word “Tidy” on it!Ha!F: And have you still got those badges in your collection?M: No well, Ive got the swimming badge, but I think I was so untidy that I must have lostthe tidy badge years ago!F: And you started collecting badges, then, from that, the age of about nine?M: Er, yeah, I guess so eight or nine or so. Thats right. In those dayswere talking aboutthe early fiftiesthere werent so many cars around as there are today. So filling stationsdidnt have so many customers. So the petrol companies used to give out badges. I supposethey thought that kids whose parents had a car would keep asking them to go to a particularfilling station so that they could get another free badge. My dad bought our first car in 1954.I think it wasa black Ford Popularand every time I went out with him in it I used to askhim to go to a different petrol station so that I could add more to my growing badgecollection. Actually, he was a very shy man, my father, and Im sure he didnt like askingfor free thingsF: So petrol company badges were the first ones in your collection, werenthey?M: After “swimming” and “tidy”, yeah But soon all sorts of companies started makingbadges to advertise their products, even cigarette companies. Ive got one in my collectionfor Willss Woodbinesthey were the cheapest cigarettes in those daysand on the badge,at the bottom, it says, “Smoked by Millions”no health warnings in those daysF: How did you start collecting foreign badges?M: I started traveling! Actually, I have to say that as a teenager I rather lost interest in badgesand in fact I threw away a lot or, er lost quite a lot ones which would be rathervaluable today. But when I left university I got a job in Austria and whenever I had aholiday, I used to take cheap trips to countries in Eastern Europe. Badges are very popularthere and I soon started collecting again. Ive got some really beautiful badges fromCzechoslovakia and the Soviet Union, and some lovely ones from Yugoslavia, too.F: Do people in Eastern Europe wear badges or do they just collect them?M: Oh, they wear them just like we do.F: Why do you think people do wear badges?M: Well, I think there are probably three main reasons. I think some people wear them to showthat they belong to something. You know, like a group or a club or an association of somesort like the Rotary Club or a trade union. And then I think people wear badges for theyhave something to say to the world. To tell people what they thinkpolitical or religiousbadgeswhich show what kind of person the wearer is, what he or she believes in, whatthey want to communicate or badges which say things like, er, “Please dont smoke nearme” or “Im a vegetarian”. I think that sort of badge is very popular these days.F: You said you thought there were three main reasons why people wear badgesM: Oh, yes. Well, the third reason, I think, is to show everyone else where youve been youknow, badges which say things like “Ive been to Disneyland”. A lot of people putstickers like that on their cars, too. There are other reason, of course but I think theyre themain ones.Question No.1. What colour was the “Tidy”badge?Question No.2. Which badge does Andrew Simpson think he has lost?Question No.3. When do you think Andrew Simpson was born?Question No.4. What is the slogan on the Willss Woodbines badge?Question No.5. How many main reasons are given by Andrew Simpson for people to wearbadges?Question 6 to 10 are based on the following newsIts 12 noon and here are this lunch-times main stories.The work-to-rule by air-traffic controllers is now affecting the majority of Britains airports.Some 75% of all flights leaving Heathrow Airport this morning were delayed, and it was asimilar story at Gatwick, Manchester, Glasgow and Edinburgh. Passengers bound for Europeandestinations were the worst hit. A British Airways spokesman claimed that they were managingto clear a backlog of breakfast-time flights by mid-morning, but such large-scale delays werecausing havoc with schedules for later flights because aircraft were in the wrong place at thewrong time. The spokesman praised passengers for the great patience they have shown so far.The outlook for those traveling today or tomorrow, at least, is not very cheerful, at the advisedtimes. The controllers, who began their action at midnight last night, are protesting against whatthey claim to be inadequate and potentially dangerous manning levels at the countrys mainair-traffic control centers.Latest Government figures show a slight improvement in the unemployment situation. Thenumber of registered unemployed fell by just over 12,000 last month; the first drip there hasbeen in the total, this year.The Opposition, however, claims that when the number of students who left the register toreturn to colleges and universities is taken into account, there was a substantial increase in thenumber of long-term unemployed. Mr. Eric Watkins, the Shadow Employment Spokesman, saidthat todays figures present a totally unrealistic picture of the unemployment situation. “There isno real decrease in unemployment, nor in the suffering and misery of thousands of families inthis country”, said Mr. Watkins. He called on the Government to take positive steps, in nextmonths budget, towards revitalizing the depressed.Police in North London are looking for a gang of armed robbers who got away with over$14 million-worth of jewllery in a raid on a Hampsstead jewellers this morning. Staff whoarrived to open the shop at 8:30 were held at gun-point by the gang, who proceeded to emptydisplay cabinets and the safe. They made their escape in a white Jaguar car which was laterfound abandoned in nearby Finchley.Three men died and woman and child were seriously injured in an accident whichhappened on the A 11 near Norwich. Their car was in a head-on collision with an articulatedlorry. The lorry driver escaped with minor injuries and was released from hospital in Norwichafter treatment for cuts and bruises. Police are appealing for witnesses to the accident, whichhappened at about 7:30 this morning.Question No.6. About what percentage of all flights leaving Heathrow Airport this morningwere delayed?Question No.7. What are air-traffic controllers protesting against?Question No.8. According to the government, how is the unemployment situation now?Question No.9. According to the news, what was stolen by a gang of armed raiders in NorthLondon?Question No.10. Who died in the accident which happened near Norwich?Question 11 to 15 are based on the following interviewI=Interviewer, E=Edward EpsteinI: Like me, youve probably always believed that diamondsthose gorgeous, brilliant,shining jewelsare precious because theyre both beautiful and rare. Its the demand forrare gems that makes them expensive. Well, the author of The Death of the Diamond is anAmerican writer and journalist, Edward J. Epstein and, when I met him in his apartment inNew York earlier this year, he soon put me right on a few things.E: Diamonds are not rare at all. Theyre one of the most common minerals in the crust of theearth. In fact, if you think about it, there are more diamonds in America, or England, thanany other commodity, than families with children. There are more diamonds thandishwashers or other appliances. Almost every family, a least in America, has a diamond.I: If thats so, why is it that diamonds should be so expensive?E: Well, diamonds are expensive because theres monopoly that has tried to fix the price ofdiamonds and they charge a rent for getting married. Its a marriage rent. Because you thinkits symbolic and important for the marriage, youre willing to buy a little pebble, that youwouldnt buy in store if you werent getting married, and pay $1000. Its sort of a privatemarriage license.I: Edward Epsteins book is an expose of that monopoly. The corporation in question is DeBeers; the South African company that exercises extraordinary control over the worldsdiamonds are found in many places in the world; there have recently been big finds inAustralia, for example. But, De Beers main suppliers outside South Africa are, surprisingly,the Russians and, as is better known, Black African states, such as Zaire, Angola andTanzania. De Beers policy for dealing with these unlikely allies is very simple.E: De Beers makes an offer to buy up all the diamonds in the world at a set price. And,because it controls the means of cutting, the means of distribution, the means of credit andfinancing for diamonds, most African countries find it worthwhile to sell to De Beers. DeBeers then puts it all in a central stockpile and then redistributes it to the diamond cutters inBelgium, in England and Israel, and other places.I: It seems quite extraordinary to think that black African nations, which are, presumably,pledged to the downfall of South Africa should have this constant arrangement with a SouthAfricorporation.E: Well, its one of the many ironies of the diamond business (is) that South Africa is, in asense, dependent on Black Africa, especially Zaire, not to compete with it. But I have afeeling that this