直接間接引語(yǔ)今日語(yǔ)法.ppt

今日 語(yǔ)法 Ithink that heisawful 主謂賓 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 主句 從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 句子做賓語(yǔ) Lucysays Lucysaysthatshe Jacksays Jacksaysthat 4 Ithinkthatheisawful Iguessthatitwasafineday HebelievesthatMaryhasbeentotheU S Lindasaysthatshehadread100bookswhenshewas8 Iknowthatyouwillbeagoodteacher 結(jié)論1 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 從句任何時(shí)態(tài) Ithinkthatheisawful Ithoughtthathewasawful HebelievesthatMaryhasbeentotheU S HebelievedthatMaryhadbeentotheU S 結(jié)論2 主句用過(guò)去時(shí) 從句用過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài) 總結(jié) Ihavebrokenmyleg Hesaidthat hehadbrokenhisleg Wewillbuyanewhouse Theysaidthat theywouldbuyanewhouse Idon thaveasecretary Hetoldmethat hedidn thaveasecretary Mysisterisswimming Shetoldmethat hersisterwasswimming Wecan ttellyouanything Theytoldmethat theycouldn ttellusanything Mybrothertoldmethathe hishomework finishedhasfinishedhadfinishedfinishes Lindasaidtheearth aroundthesun movesmovedhasmovedhadmoved 事實(shí)真理時(shí)態(tài)不變 人稱(chēng)變化 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ) 人稱(chēng)變化一隨主 二隨賓 第三人稱(chēng)不更新 一隨主Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogowithme Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher 二隨賓HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人稱(chēng)不更新Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodworker Mr SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker 時(shí)態(tài)變化 時(shí)態(tài)變化 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)Marysaid Iamagirl Marysaidshewasagirl 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Marysaid Iamdoingmyhomework Marysaidshewasdoingherhomework 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)Marysaid Ihavefinishedmyhomework Marysaidshehadfinishedherhomework 過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)Marysaid Ihadlunch Marysaidshehadhadlunch 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Marysaid Iwillleavetomorrow Marysaidshewouldleavetomorrow 過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變 仍為過(guò)去完成時(shí)Shesaid AfterIhadhadlunch Ileftmybagonachair Shesaidthataftershehadhadlunch sheleftherbagonachair 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Marysaid Wewerehavingafootballmatchthistimeyesterday Marysaidtheywerehavingafootballmatchthattimethedaybefore 在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí) 以下情況時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化 直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理 Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth theteachertoldme Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth 直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 時(shí)態(tài)不變 Jacksaid John wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet 直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年 某月 某日作狀語(yǔ) 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí) 時(shí)態(tài)不變 如 XiaoWangsaid IwasbornonApril2l 1980 XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20 1980 直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 變間接引語(yǔ) 時(shí)態(tài)不變 Hesaid Igetupatsixeverymorning Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning 如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式 例 oughtto hadbetter usedto 和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí) 例 could should would might 不再變 Petersaid Youhadbettercomeheretoday PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday Icanspeakthreelanguages Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages Whatdidhesay IammadatMarcia HesaidhewasmadatMarcia Whatdidhesay Whatdidtheysay TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana shewashard working Iamhard working Whatdidshesay Shesaid shewasnotlazy Whatdidshesay Shesaid Iamnotlazy hewasgoodatplayingbasketball Whatdidhesay Hesaid I mgoodatplayingbasketball IamgoodatEnglish ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish Whatdidshesay Whatdidshesay IdowellinEnglish ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish dowellin IdowellinEnglish IgotobeacheverySunday Whatdidhesay Hesaidhe wenttobeacheverySunday Whatdidshesay Shesaidshe wouldcallmetomorrow Iwillcallyoutomorrow 狀語(yǔ)變化 狀語(yǔ)變化 表示時(shí)間的詞now then yesterday thedaybeforethisweek month etc thatweeklastweek month etc theweek month etc beforethreedays ayear etc ago threedays ayear etc beforenextweek month etc thenext following week month etc tomorrow thenext following day 指示代詞this thatthese those 表地點(diǎn)的詞here there動(dòng)詞bring takecome go 引導(dǎo)詞變化 直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Shesaid Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes 直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句 選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Hesaid Canyouswim John HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim Youhavefinishedthehomework haven tyou mymotherasked MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike HeaskedmewhetherIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike 直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序 Sheaskedme Whendotheyhavetheirdinner Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner 注意 特殊疑問(wèn)詞在句中作主語(yǔ) 變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變 時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化 特殊疑問(wèn)詞在句中作主語(yǔ) 變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變 時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化 1 Heaskedme withme A whatthematterisB whatthematerwasC what sthematterD whatwasthematter 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為 tell ask order beg等 sb not todosth 句型 如 Don tmakeanynoise shesaidtothechildren Shetold ordered thechildrennottomakeanynoise Bringmeacupoftea please saidshe Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea 直接引語(yǔ)如果是以 Let s 開(kāi)頭的祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí) 通常用 suggest 動(dòng)句詞 或從句 Hesaid Let sgotothefilm Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm 或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm 句型變化 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí) 間接引語(yǔ)要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序 引導(dǎo)詞要放在間接引語(yǔ)的最前面 接下來(lái)按 主謂賓 順序排列 即 直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)序HeaskedMike Wheredidyougo HeaskedMikewherehehadgone Whatareyoudoing Sheaskedme Iwasdoing what WhydoyoulikeEnglish Heaskedme IlikedEnglish why Wheredoeshelive Sheaskedme helived where Howdoesshegotoschool Sheaskedme Shewenttoschool how Doyouknowmyname Sheaskedme Iknewhername Whether if 是否 Whendoyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim when youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhenhehadmath Summary 總結(jié) 1 特殊疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ) Doyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhether ifhehadmath 2 一般疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ) Canyouplaythepiano Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if Youcanplaythepiano youcanplaythepiano he could Theyaskedhimwhether ifhecouldplaythepiano Openthedoorforme shesaidtome Whatdidsheaskmetodo Sheaskedmetoopenthedoorforher Don tmakesomuchnoise shesaidtothechildren Whatdidshetellthechildren Shetoldthemnottomakesomuchnoise Staytolunch heinsisted Whatdidhedo HeinsistedthatIshouldstaytolunch Comewithme hesuggest Whatdidhesuggest HesuggestedthatIshouldgowithhim You vealreadygotwell haven tyou sheasked Sheasked A ifIhavealreadygotwell hadn tyouB whetherIhadalreadygotwellC haveIalreadygotwellD hadIalreadygotwell 2 Heasked AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember Heaskedme A amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember 3 Heasked Howareyougettingalong Heasked A howamIgettingalongB howareyougettingalongC howIwasgettingalongD howwasIgettingalong4 Heaskedme withme A whatthematterisB whatthematerwasC what sthematterD whatwasthematter 5 Hesaid Don tdothatagain He me thatagain A saidto nottodoB saidto don tdoC told don tdoD told nottodo6 Canyoumakesure A thathewillcomeheretodayB whenhewillcomeheretodayC willhecomeheretodayD whether