英語 從句.ppt

英語從句 SubordinateClauses 英語從句 句子成分復(fù)習(xí)英語從句分類名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句定語從句限定性與非限定性定語從句區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句 狀語從句時間狀語從句地點狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句方式狀語從句比較狀語從句 Reviewofsentenceparts Lookatthefollowingsentences Thecarisexpensive Mydaughterisacollegestudent SVC主語 Subject 連系動詞 Verb 主語補(bǔ)語 Complement 連系動詞 LinkingVerb 后的主語補(bǔ)語通常也被稱作 表語 Reviewofsentenceparts Lookatthefollowingsentences Myheadaches Hisplanhaschanged SV主語 Subject 不及物動詞 Verb TheweatheroftenchangesinEngland TheHuntersliveinLondon SVA主語 Subject 不及物動詞 Verb 狀語 Adverbial Reviewofsentenceparts Lookatthefollowingsentences Hehasboughtahouse SVO主語 Subject 及物動詞 Verb 賓語 Object Thestrangerlaidhishandonmyshoulder SVOA主語 Subject 及物動詞 Verb 賓語 Object 狀語 Adverbial Reviewofsentenceparts Lookatthefollowingsentences SusantaughtusEnglish Heboughtmeanewdictionary SVoO主語 Subject 及物動詞 Verb 間接賓語 IndirectObject 直接賓語 DirectObject Reviewofsentenceparts Lookatthefollowingsentences Peoplecalledhimacoward Thejuryfoundhimguilty SVOC主語 Subject 及物動詞 Verb 賓語 Object 賓語補(bǔ)語 Complement 英語從句分類 主語從句Subjectclause賓語從句Objectclause表語從句Predictiveclause同位語從句Appositiveclause定語從句Attributiveclause狀語從句Adverbialclause 名詞性從句Nounclause 名詞性從句 Nounclause 名詞性從句 Nounclause 主語從句 1 Lookatthefollowingsentences Somethingisstrange Hedidn tshowupontime A Thathedidn tshowupontimeisstrange B Itisstrangethathedidn tshowupontime that引導(dǎo)的主語從句?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成用it作形式主語的句型 名詞性從句 Nounclause 主語從句 2 Lookatthefollowingsentences Thequestionremainsamystery Whereisthecandybarhidden Wherethebookishiddenremainsamystery 名詞性從句 Nounclause 主語從句 3 Moreexamples Thathesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle Whetherhewillcomehasn tbeendecided Whoeverbrokethevaseshouldadmititfrankly Whicheverroadyoutakewillberoughandrocky 用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu) 1 Itis 名詞 從句Itisafactthat 事實是 Itisanhonorthat 非常榮幸Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常識 2 Itis 形容詞 從句 多用should Itisnaturalthat 很自然 Itisstrangethat 奇怪的是 3 It 不及物動詞 從句Itseemsthat 似乎 Ithappensthat 碰巧 Itappearsthat 似乎 4 Itis 過去分詞 從句Itisreportedthat 據(jù)報道 Ithasbeenprovedthat 已證實 Itissaidthat 據(jù)說 用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu) 名詞性從句 Nounclause 賓語從句 1 Lookatthefollowingsentences Iknowsomething Iamright IknowthatIamright Ireallydon tknowit Whatishedoing Ireallydon tknowwhatheisdoing 名詞性從句 Nounclause 賓語從句 2 Lookatthefollowingsentences Ifindsomethingstrange Hedidn tshowupontime Ifinditstrangethathedidn tshowupontime 名詞性從句 Nounclause 賓語從句 3 Moreexamples Doyouknowwho m theyarewaitingfor Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas Hecan ttellwhichmethodtheywillusefortheexperiment Youcancallmewhateveryoulike Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin 名詞性從句 Nounclause 賓語從句 4 介詞的賓語從句ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace 有時候except but besides三個介詞后可見到that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany 名詞性從句 Nounclause 賓語從句 4 形容詞的賓語從句常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有 sure certain glad please happy sorry afraid satisfied surprisedIamsure that Iwillpasstheexam IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill 可用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句 動詞find feel consider make believe等后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語的時候 則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置 Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday IfeelitapitythatIhaven tbeentotheget together IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries Weallfinditimportantthatwe should makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater 有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加it 這類動詞主要有 hate take owe have seeto Ihateitwhentheywiththeirmouthsfulloffood Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus Whenyoustarttheengine youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral 名詞性從句 Nounclause 表語從句 1 Lookatthefollowingsentences Myhopeisthat Hewillkeepitasecretforever Myhopeisthathewillkeepitasecretforever 名詞性從句 Nounclause 表語從句 2 Link verbs be look seem remain appear Moreexamples Thetruthis that Ididn tfinishmytermessay Thatwaswhatshesaidthismorninginherbedroom Mysuggestionisthatwe should startearlytomorrow Thequestionremainswhetherwecanwinthemajorityofthepeople 注 if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句 名詞性從句 Nounclause 表語從句 3 當(dāng)句子的主語是 advice demand decision desire idea insistence instruction order plan proposal recommendation request requirement suggestion wish等名詞時 表語從句須用虛擬語氣 即 should do Myadviceisthatyoushouldgotoapologizetohim Mysuggestionisthatwe should startearlytomorrow 名詞性從句 Nounclause 表語從句 4 asif asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句 如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反 謂語動詞用一般過去式 如果從句表示與過去事實相反時 謂語動詞要用 had 過去分詞 如果從句表示將來的可能性不大 用would might could 動詞原形LiLeiisnowinanewjackethelooksasifhewereanAmericanboy 但是 如果asif asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句所表示的與事實相符 從句則用陳述語氣Thecloudsaregathering Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain 名詞性從句 Nounclause 同位語從句 1 Lookatthefollowingsentences Thenewswasthatourteamhadwon Weheardthenewslastnight Lastnightweheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon 名詞性從句 Nounclause 同位語從句 2 可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有news idea fact promise question doubt thought hope message suggestion words 消息 possibility等 I vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity 名詞性從句 Nounclause 同位語從句 3 引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong 在某些名詞 如demand wish suggestion resolution等 后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam 名詞性從句 Nounclause 同位語從句 4 whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句 注 if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句 Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor what who whom whose which when where how why等引導(dǎo)的同位語從句Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears what作定語 Ihavenoideawhichwineisbest it samatterofpersonaltaste which作定語 Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear who作主語 Wehaven tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation 名詞性從句 Nounclause 同位語從句 5 分割式同位語從句為了使句型平衡不至于頭重腳輕 有時同位語從句可以放到句子的末尾Anideacametohimthathemightwritetohertoaskmoreinformationaboutthematter Weholdthistruthtobeself evidentthatallmenarecreatedequal WhenreportscameintoLondonzoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty fivemilessouthofLondon theywerenottakenseriously wordsthatcanbeusedbeforenounclauses Fillintheblankswiththeproperwords 1 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree 2 AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace 3 Astorygoes ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt 4 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidedtosendhimaquicknote 5 Theotherday mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed 6 sheisn tgoodatEnglishisnoneofmybusiness 7 hewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversitymadeallhisfamilyveryhappy where what that what what That That Fillintheblankswiththeproperwords I llshowyouanythingyouwanttosee I llshowyou youwanttosee Youmaychooseanyonewhoyoulike Youmaychoose youlike Nomatterwhoheis hemustobeythelaw heis hemustobeythelaw 連接代詞whoever whatever whichever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句 相當(dāng)于anyonewho anythingthat等 他們也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 參見后面狀語從句部分 相當(dāng)于nomatterwho what which whatever whoever Whoever 定語從句 Attributiveclause 定語從句 Attributiveclause Lookatthefollowingsentences Tomisaman Healwayskeepshisword Tomisamanwhoalwayskeepshisword Themanismyuncle Yousawhimjustnow Themanwhomyousawjustnowismyuncle 定語從句是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成分 定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種 定語從句 AttributiveClause Weusewhoinanattributiveclausewhenwearetalkingaboutpeople notthings Weusewhoinsteadofhe she they Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor Whenwearetalkingaboutthings weusethatorwhich not who inanattributiveclause Themachinethatbrokedownhasnowbeenrepaired orThemachinewhichbrokedown 定語從句 AttributiveClause 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞有that which who whom whose as等關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語 Anyonewho thatsawthecaraccidentpleasegetintouchwithus Theschoolboardinterviewedallthecandidateswhoapplied Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree 定語從句 AttributiveClause 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語 Thegirlwhom whoheemploysisoftencomplainingaboutherpay Ihavelearnedtolookcarefullyateverything that Isee Aturbine 渦輪機(jī) isamachineIwhichafluidisusedtoburntoproducerotationalmotion 定語從句 AttributiveClause 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作定語 Mrs Leeisawidowwhosehusbandwaskilledinthewar ThomasEdisonisagreatinventor whosecontributiontomankindiswidelyrecognized 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語 Jackimaginedhimselftobeanartist whichhewasnot 定語從句 AttributiveClause 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系副詞有where when why等 其先行詞是表示地點 時間或理由的名詞 Winterisusuallytheseasonwhenmanyanimalshavesleep called wintersleep Heshowedmethehousewherehisgrandfatherhadmadecigars Thereasonwhymorestreetlightsarebeingfixedisthatpeoplefeelsafeinwell litstreets 定語從句 AttributiveClause 限定性與非限定性定語從句 Thebuildingwhoselightsareonisbeautiful 限定性定語從句對它所修飾的詞作限制性描述 去掉這個從句會影響句子的意思 因此是不可或缺的 限定性定語從句不能用逗號與主句隔開 Mr Smith whosewifeisaclerk teachesusEnglish Someroadswereflooded whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult 非限定性定語從句不對先行詞作限制性描述 僅對主句提供補(bǔ)充說明 要用逗號把非限制性從句與主句分開 指物時用which 不用that Which還常用于指代前面的整個主句或主句的一部分 限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況 1 當(dāng)先行詞是anything everything nothing something除外 few all none little some等代詞時 或者是由every any all some no little few much等修飾時 1 HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr Lihassaid 2 Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld 3 Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone 4 ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou 注意 當(dāng)先行詞指人時 偶爾也可以用who 4 Anymanthat whohasasenseofdutywon tdosuchathing 限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況 2 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾 1 ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時 1 ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen 當(dāng)形容詞被thevery theonly修飾時 1 ThisistheverygooddictionarythatIwanttobuy 2 Afterthefireinhishouse theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned 當(dāng)先行詞指人時 偶爾也可以用who 3 WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting 限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況 3 當(dāng)先行詞前面有who which等疑問代詞時 1 Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere 2 WhichistheT shirtthatfitsmemost 當(dāng)先行詞既有人 也有動物或者物體時 1 Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned As which非限定性定語從句 由as which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句 as和which可代整個主句 相當(dāng)于andthis或andthat As一般放在句首 which在句中 Asweknow smokingisharmfultoone shealth Thesunheatstheearth whichisveryimportanttous 以theway為先行詞的定語從句通常由inwhich that引導(dǎo) 而且通?？梢允÷?Theway inwhich that heansweredthequestionwassurprising 定語從句 AttributiveClause 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1 Theschool that which heoncestudiedinisveryfamous Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous 2 TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine that which youaskedfor TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked 3 We llgotohearthefamoussinger whom that who wehaveoftentalkedabout We llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked 定語從句 AttributiveClause 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1 含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof等 1 Thisisthewatchwhich thatIamlookingfor 2 ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking T F 定語從句 AttributiveClause 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 2 若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前 關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom 不可用who或者that 指物時用which 不能用that 關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose 1 Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend 2 Themanwho thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend 3 TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable 4 TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable T T F F 定語從句 AttributiveClause 介詞 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 3 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 前可有some any none both all neither most each few等代詞或者數(shù)詞 1 Helovedhisparentsdeeply bothofwhomareverykindtohim 2 Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples someofwhichhavegonebad 3 Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall mostofwhomarefrombigcities 區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句 1 定語從句修飾先行詞 它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系 同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容 是補(bǔ)充說明的關(guān)系 1 TheplanethathasjusttakenoffisforLondon 2 Thefactthathehasbeendeadisclear 定語從句 同位語從句 區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句 2 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that或which在句中用作主語或賓語 有時可以省略 而同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that只起連接主句和從句之作用 在句中不做成分 1 Thenewshetoldmeistrue 2 Thenewsthathehasjustdiedistrue 3 Theproblemthatwearefacingnowishowwecancollectsomuchmoney 4 Theproblemhowwecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve 區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句 3 同位語從句和先行詞一般可以用be動詞發(fā)展成一個完整的句子 而定語從句不可以Theideathatwecouldasktheteacherforadviceiswonderful Theideawasthatwecouldasktheteacherforadvice 請分辨以下兩句 I vegotananswerthatAisright I vegotananswerthatsurprisedmealot 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 1 when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句 其動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動作的動詞 也可以是瞬間性動作的動詞 而且可以表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時發(fā)生 或者從句的動作發(fā)生在主句的動作之前 Whenyouapplyforajob youmustpresentyourcredentials Whenthestudentsheardtheteacher sfootsteps theyallstoppedtalking when還可表示justthen 正在那時 突然 的意思 此時其所引導(dǎo)的從句只放在主句之后 wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain Thegamehadhardly scarcely barelybegunwhenitstartedraining 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 2 as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句其動詞的動作是延續(xù)性的 表示主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生 持續(xù)時間較短 或兩個動作正在發(fā)展 變化 作 隨著 講 Wewerehavingbreakfastasshewascombingherhair Asthesunrose itbecamewarmer 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 3 while表示 在某一段時間里 或 在 期間 其所引導(dǎo)的從句的動作是延續(xù)性的 持續(xù)時間較長 并側(cè)重表示和主句的動作同時發(fā)生 從句的動作比主角的動作持續(xù)時間長 Whilethereislifethereishope IcanlearnwhileIwork 當(dāng)while和as都表示主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生時 可替換使用As WhileIshavedIthoughtaboutthecominginterview 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 4 assoonas once directly theinstant等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句assoonas是最常見的表示 一 就 的從屬連詞 其他連詞還有once directly immediately instantly theinstant that theminute that themoment that 等 它們通常都可與assoonas換用 Assoonaswegothome thetelephonerang IrecognizedherimmediatelyIsawher Directlytheteachercameineveryonewasquiet 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 5 hardly when nosooner than引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句關(guān)聯(lián)從屬連詞hardly barely scarcely when和nosooner than的意思是 剛 就 它們所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞通常為過去完成時 Hehadnosooner nosoonerhadhe arrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney Nosoonerhadthewordsbeenspokenthanherealizedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 6 since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句在含有since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中 從句的謂語動詞通常為一般過去時 主句的謂語動詞通常為現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時和一般現(xiàn)在時 We venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 7 till until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句till和until同義 作 直到 時 為止 解 till多用于非正式文體 until多用于句首 Donaldwillremainincollegeuntil till hefinisheshisPhDcourse Iwon tgowithyouuntil till Ifinishedmyhomework 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 時間狀語從句 8 whenever eachtime everytime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句whenever在引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時作 每當(dāng) 每次 解 eachtime和everytime與whenever同義 通?？梢耘c它換用 Theroofleakswheneveritrains Whenevercertainchemicalsaremixedtogether heatisproduced Whenever Everytime EachtimeImether shewasstudying 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 地點狀語從句 where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句從屬連詞where 在 或到 的地方 Wherethereisawill thereisaway Putitwhereyoufoundit where在地點狀語從句中 除指地點外 還可指處境等 Hesaidhewashappywherehewas It syourfaultthatsheiswheresheis 有時地點狀語從句中的某些詞可以省略 Fillintheblankswiththegivenphrases Changetheformwherenecessary Avoidstructureofthiskindwherepossible 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 地點狀語從句 wherever引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句從屬連詞wherever 在 或到 的各個地方 Youcangowherever anywhere youlikethesedays Where Everywhere theywent theexpertswerewarmlywelcomed Sitdownwhereveryoulike 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句because表示人們不知道的直接的原因或理由 著重點在從句 其所引導(dǎo)的從句 為全句句意的中心所在 通常用于回答why引出的疑問句 語氣最強(qiáng) 除特別強(qiáng)調(diào)外 該從句一般位于主句后面 Ididn tgoabroadwithherbecauseIcouldn taffordit Don tscampyourworkbecauseyouarepressedfortime 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句所傳遞的通常是已知信息 從句多位于主句之前 通常可以和since換用 AsIdidn tknowtheway Iaskedapoliceman Asitissnowing weshallnotclimbthemountain 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句所傳遞的通常是已知信息 從句多位于主句之前 通?？梢院蚢s換用 Sincetravelingbyairismuchfaster theydecidedtotakeaplane Sinceyouwon thelpme I llasksomeoneelse 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句for引導(dǎo)的從句放在主句后面 用逗號與主句分開 經(jīng)常表示補(bǔ)充說明 為較正式的說法 Thedaysarelong foritisnowJuly Iwasfrightenedtoseetheboyintheriver foratthatpointthecurrentsweredangerous 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 Now that 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句now that 因為 既然 通?？梢院蛃ince換用 其中that可省去 用來表示一種新的情況 再加以推論 Now that you vepassedyourtestyoucandriveonyourown Idoremember now that youmentionit 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 inthat引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句inthat 因為 基于 的理由 可以和because換用 多用于正式文體 它所引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句總是位于主句之后 Advertisementisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered I minaslightlyawkwardposition inthathe snotarrivinguntil10th 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 原因狀語從句 seeing that 和considering that 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句Seeing that 鑒于 由于 通常用于非正式文體 seeing that 和considering that 都有 條件 含義Seeing that theweatherisbad we llstayathome Seeingthathe sill he sunlikelytocome Considering that he sbeenlearningEnglishforayearonly hespeaksitverywell 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 目的狀語從句 inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句inorderthat 為了 以便 多用于正式文體 通?？梢耘csothat換用 YoustoppedatHangzhouinorderthattheycouldgoaroundWestLake Theexpertspokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 目的狀語從句 so that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句sothat 為了 以便 sothat通常可以與inorderthat換用 它所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句總是放在主句之后 在非正式文體中 常省略that Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou Shewantedteareadyatsevensoshecouldbeoutbyeight 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 目的狀語從句 incase forfear that lest等引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句incase forfear that 和lest這三個從屬連詞都表示否定目的 意思是 以免 以防 incase多用于英國英語 它所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞可以是陳述語氣形式 也可以是虛擬語氣形式 forfear that 引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語帶有may might should等情態(tài)動詞 lest用于正式文體 它所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣形式 Takeyourumbrellawithyou lestitshouldrain Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains Hetookanumbrellawithhimforfearthatitmightrain 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 結(jié)果狀語從句 sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句 sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句只能位于主句之后 中間可以有逗號 Suddenlyitbegantorainheavily sothatitwasalmostimpossibletocarryondriving LindaphonedmeinonarrivalsothatIknowshewassafeandsound sothat 既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句也可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句 究竟是引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句還是目的狀語從句 除了根據(jù)句意來判斷外 還可根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式來加以判斷 若從句前有逗號 一般為結(jié)果狀語從句 如果從句中有情態(tài)動詞 通常則為目的狀語從句 Theystartedoutearly sothattheydidn tmissthetrain Theystartedoutearlysothattheywouldnotmissthetrain 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 結(jié)果狀語從句 so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句so that 如此 以致 that在非正式文體中可以省略 so后面接形容詞或副詞 Shespokesofastthatnobodycouldcatchwhatshewassaying ThereissolittletimeleftthatIhavetotellyouaboutitlatter 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 結(jié)果狀語從句 such that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的such that的具體內(nèi)容是 such a an 形容詞 名詞 that從句 其中的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù) 也可以是不可數(shù)名詞 such a an 形容詞 單數(shù)名詞 that從句可換成so 形容詞 a an 單數(shù)名詞 that從句 TheJapanesestudentmadesuchrapidprogressthathesoonbegantowritearticleinChinese Theprofessortoldussuchafunnystorythatallthestudentslaughed Theprofessortoldussofunnyastorythatallthestudentslaughed 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 結(jié)果狀語從句 suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句多用于正式文體 主句為 主 系 表 句型 Theforceoftheexplosionwassuchthatitblewoutallthewindows Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 條件狀語從句 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句if可引導(dǎo)非真實條件狀語從句 見 虛擬語氣 和真實條件狀語從句 Ifhesaidthat hecan tbetellingthetruth unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句unless引導(dǎo)的是否定條件狀語從句 在意義上相當(dāng)于if not 而且語氣較強(qiáng) 一般不用于虛擬語氣 You llbelateunlessyouhurry 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 條件狀語從句 ifonly引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句ifonly在引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時意為 只要 如果 I llletyouusethecarifonlyyoukeepitingoodcondition as solongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句as solongas意為 只要 如果 Aslongasitdoesn train wecanplay 狀語從句 Adverbialclause 條件狀語從句 provided that providing that 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句provided that providing that 意為 如果 只要 Iwilla