高中英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句輔導(dǎo)課件.ppt

十一 定語(yǔ)從句一 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞who whom whose which that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí) 可在從句中作主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)等句子成分 who代指人 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) whom代指人 作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ) whose代指人 ofwhom 或物 ofwhich 作定語(yǔ) which代指物 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) that代指人或物 作主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) thisisthedetectivewhocamefromlondon thebookwhich thatiamreadingiswrittenbythomashardy thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold heisnolongertheboythatheusedtobetwoyearsago 使用關(guān)系代詞時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn) 1 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 但關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或which 不可用who或that theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop inthedarkstreet therewasn tasinglepersonto whomshecouldturnforhelp 2 whose n 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí) 可換成 the n ofwhom which 或 ofwhich the n helivesinabighousewhosewindowfacesthesea helivesinabighousethewindowofwhichfacesthesea helivesinabighouseofwhichthewindowfacesthesea 3 which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可修飾前面整個(gè)主句 此時(shí)which相當(dāng)于andthis hesucceededinthecompetition whichmadehisparentsveryhappy theweatherturnedouttobeverygood whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect 注 判斷定語(yǔ)從句用什么引導(dǎo)詞的關(guān)鍵是看先行詞在從句中作什么成分 i llneverforgetthedaythat whichispentwithyouonthefarm 先行詞theday作spent的賓語(yǔ) ispentthedaywithyouonthefarm i llneverforgetthedaywheniworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarm 先行詞theday在從句中作狀語(yǔ) iworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarmonthatday heworksinthefactorywhichmakescolortvsets 先行詞thefactory在從句中作主語(yǔ) thefactorymakescolortvsets heworksinthefactorywherecolortvsetsaremade 先行詞thefactory在從句中作狀語(yǔ) colortvsetsaremadeinthefactory 二 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1 關(guān)系副詞when where why在定語(yǔ)從句中分別表示時(shí)間 地點(diǎn)或原因 關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) where充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) why充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ) 當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí) 引導(dǎo)詞要用關(guān)系副詞 iwillneverforgetthedaywhenimetmr lin thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate 2 關(guān)系副詞?？蓳Q成 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 when可換成on in bywhich等 where可換成at in fromwhich等 why換成forwhich thisisthefactorywhereipaidavisittheotherday thisisthefactoryto which i paid a visittheotherday thisisthefactorythat which i visitedtheotherday 3 that有時(shí)可以代替關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 此時(shí)that可以省去 不過(guò)這是一種非正式用法 ithappenedontheday that when iwasborn 4 way后面的定語(yǔ)從句不能用how引導(dǎo) 如way在從句中作狀語(yǔ) 應(yīng)用inwhich或that引導(dǎo) 甚至還可省略引導(dǎo)詞 如作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用that或which引導(dǎo) idon tliketheway inwhich that hetalks thewaythat whichhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemmightbehelpful 5 fromwhere為 介詞 關(guān)系副詞 結(jié)構(gòu) 它也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 tomhidhimselfbehindthedoor fromwherehecouldhearthestepsofhismotherclearly 6 as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句as有 正如 就像 之意 可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 從句可位于主句的前面 中間或后面 但which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般只能放在主句之后 ashadbeenexpected theenglandteamwonthefootballmatch theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood whichwehadn texpected 7 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的識(shí)別非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間要用 逗號(hào) 分隔 并且不能加入and but so等連接詞 并列句一般由and but so等詞連接 或中間用 分號(hào) 隔開(kāi) hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofwhichhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows andmostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear 8 定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句是位于名詞answer belief doubt decision explanation fact hope idea information news order problem promise truth等后的句子 并對(duì)這些名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或解釋 從句一般是一個(gè)完整的句子 引導(dǎo)詞that只起引導(dǎo)作用 不作句子成分 且that不可省略 同位語(yǔ)從句不可用which引導(dǎo) 而定語(yǔ)從句通常是一個(gè)不完整的句子 缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等 thefactthatshehasn tknowntheresultoftheexaminationisclear thefact that which shetoldmeyesterdayisveryimportant 過(guò)關(guān)落實(shí)1 somepre schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter theylearnsimplegamesandsongs a thenb therec whiled where解析 where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 答案 d2 hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool hewentontobeijinguniversity a afterwhichb afterthatc inwhichd inthat解析 afterwhich引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 which指上面的句子hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool 表示 在當(dāng)?shù)馗咧惺芙逃笊狭吮本┐髮W(xué) 答案 a 3 thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity sightmattersmorethanhearing a whenb whosec whichd where解析 先行詞是activity 關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 表示 在這種活動(dòng)中 故選where 答案 d4 wheredidyougettoknowher itwasonthefarm weworked a thatb therec whichd where解析 where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾thefarm 在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 答案 d 5 thebookwaswrittenin1946 theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges a whenb duringwhichc sincethend sincewhen解析 1946是先行詞 when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 由句意可知 關(guān)系詞前應(yīng)加since 譯為 自從那時(shí) 答案 d6 byservingothers apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself canbeveryeye openingandrewarding a whob whichc whatd that解析 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 在從句中作主語(yǔ) 答案 b 7 iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst ireallyenjoyed a ofthatb ofwhichc thatd which解析 ofwhich指ofthethreebooksoncooking of結(jié)構(gòu)提前 指物時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用which 答案 b8 thebeatles manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember camefromliverpool a whatb thatc howd as解析 as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 答案 d 9 wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses a towhichb towhomc withwhomd withwhich解析 當(dāng)介詞結(jié)構(gòu) to 提前 指人時(shí) 關(guān)系代詞用whom 答案 b10 isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark beforeicouldrecognizewhoshewas shehadrunbackinthedirection shehadcome a ofwhichb bywhichc inwhichd fromwhich解析 從哪個(gè)方向來(lái) 為comefromthedirection 變?yōu)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句時(shí)from提前 用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 答案 d 11 itisfarbetterforonetodrinkmilk onegetshealthfulnutrients thantodrinkcoffee containsnonutrientsatall a what whatb where asc fromwhich whichd inwhich what解析 根據(jù)句意 人們從牛奶中得到有益健康的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分 可知 第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填fromwhich 兩個(gè)從句都是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 指物時(shí) 關(guān)系代詞用which 故選c項(xiàng) 答案 c12 lastoctoberchinalauncheditssecondmannedspaceshipshenzhou twochineseastronautstraveledinspaceforfivedays a inwhichb atwhichc bywhichd fromwhich解析 先行詞為shenzhou 定語(yǔ)從句表示 兩名宇航員來(lái)此飛船 故用inwhich 答案 a 13 theauthorsofcomputervirusesaregeniuses iagree theycanapplytheirwisdomtoothernettechnology humanbeingscanbenefit a inwhichb throughwhichc onwhichd fromwhich解析 benefitfrom 從 中獲益 獲得好處 from提前且定語(yǔ)從句先行詞為物時(shí) 用which 答案 d14 today ssichuanhasbecomearepresentativeofthewestdevelopment aplace hopesandopportunitieshaverepl