鄭航2012.12英語(yǔ)四級(jí)Model_Test-02(答案).doc

C C E T2012年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)（十套模擬題答案）Model Test-02應(yīng)該推遲退休年齡嗎？Should Retirement Age Be Postpone?第一段指出是否推遲退休年齡（postpone retirement age)這一問題引起了人們激烈的討論（heated debate)。第二段分析了人們對(duì)這一問題的不同觀點(diǎn)：有人認(rèn)為推遲退休年齡有助于緩解老齡化社會(huì)帶來的勞動(dòng)力短缺問題(a drop in the labor force supply)，而也有人認(rèn)為推遲退休年齡會(huì)增加就業(yè)壓力(pressure of social employment)，減少老年人享受養(yǎng)老金(retirement pension)的幾率。第三段闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，在制定制度的時(shí)候要多方面考慮（take. into consideration)，既要考慮到改革的水平（the level of the reform)，也要照顧到老年人的權(quán)益（the elders interest)。Part WritingShould Retirement Age Be Postponed?Along with the trend of longevity, nobody could have failed to notice a heated debate on whether it is wise to postpone retirement age.Some people argue that its necessary to postpone the retirement age in that it is a good way to deal with the aging population. One of the direct results of the aging society is a drop in the labor force supply, which can be relieved by postponing the retirement age. However, other people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. For one thing, this reform could raise the pressure of social employment, especially for the present severe situation. For another, it may diminish the seniors leisure time and the probabilities to enjoy their retirement pension.For my part, we should take the level of the reform and the elders interest into consideration so that a clearer perspective of the debate can be gained.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】開門見山，使用雙重否定句，指出推遲退休年齡在社會(huì)上引起廣泛的爭(zhēng)議。從正方分析了推遲退休年齡的好處。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指出推遲退休年齡可以緩解老齡化社會(huì)帶來的勞動(dòng)力不足的問題。使用However引出另一方的觀點(diǎn)。For one thing. For another提出推遲退休年齡的兩個(gè)弊端。引出作者本人的觀點(diǎn)，并針對(duì)爭(zhēng)議提出建議。加分亮點(diǎn)a good way to deal with.應(yīng)對(duì)的好辦法diminish減少，削弱【主題詞匯】1. put a timetable on.給出一個(gè)明確的時(shí)間表2. be less enthusiastic about.不太熱衷于3. give rise to引發(fā), 導(dǎo)致4. put more pressure on pension system 給養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度帶來更多壓力5. take. into account 把考慮進(jìn)去6. impose.on.把強(qiáng)加于【拓展句式】1. Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem that.只有通過這些措施，才有希望解決的問題。2. Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that.考慮所有這些因素，我們可能會(huì)得出合理的結(jié)論，即Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)【語(yǔ)篇分析】本文主要闡述農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)過多所帶來的問題。第1-4段介紹農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)過多造成供過于求，農(nóng)民對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生不滿。第5-12段對(duì)全國(guó)的農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行分析，并通過部分農(nóng)民及農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的舉例進(jìn)一步說明該現(xiàn)象對(duì)農(nóng)民及整個(gè)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的不良影響。第13-21段詳細(xì)分析供過于求產(chǎn)生的原因。第22-23段介紹農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的大量出現(xiàn)給其他行業(yè)所帶來的相應(yīng)問題。 1. C 【定位】由題干中的 the number of farmers market 定位到文章第二段：Farmers in pockets of the country say the number of farmers markets has gone far ahead of demand, a consequence of a call for markets that are closer to customers and communities that want multiple markets.【精解】定位句的后半句a consequence of“的結(jié)果”提示原因所在，即需要多樣化市場(chǎng)的客戶或社區(qū)希望擁有距離他們較近的市場(chǎng)，C是對(duì)該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，選項(xiàng)中的are required與原文中的a call for相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C.2. C 【定位】由題干中的 To earn the same money 定位到文章第三段第二句：Other farmers say they must add markets to their weekly rotation to earn the same money they did a few years ago, reducing their time in the field and adding employee hours.【精解】由定位句可知，一些農(nóng)民說他們必須增加每周輪流的市場(chǎng)量，減少他們?cè)谵r(nóng)田的時(shí)間，增加雇員時(shí)間，以獲得同幾年前一樣的收入，故選C.3. D 【定位】由題干中的 Mr. Spineti 和 the Wednesday market 定位到文章第四段第二句:He was selling vegetables at the Wednesday market here.【精解】由定位句可知，Mr. Spineti在周三的市場(chǎng)上出售蔬菜，故答案為D.4. C 【定位】由題干中的Rick Wysk定位到文章第九段第二句：He believes his business is further hurt by additional markets that opened this year in Northampton and Springfield.【精解】由定位句可知，Rick Wysk認(rèn)為他的生意由于今年在北安普頓和斯普林菲爾德新開的市場(chǎng)而進(jìn)一步受到影響，故選C.5. B 【定位】由題干中的the severest problem 定位到文章第十一段第一句：More densely populated areas, however, seem to be where the problem is most acute.【精解】題干中的the severest problem與原文中的the problem is most acute相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此原文中的主語(yǔ)more densely populated areas 即為答案，故選B.6. A 【定位】由題干中的Dale Davis 定位到文章第十三段：.cut three New Jersey markets this year becausesales were down and the extra travel reduced his profit.【精解】由定位段可知，由于銷量的降低以及額外的行程費(fèi)用減少了利潤(rùn)，Dale Davis關(guān)閉了位于新澤西的三個(gè)市場(chǎng)，A中的closed down與cut相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選A.7. A 【定位】由題干中的the new or small-scale farmers以及they cant join定位到文章倒數(shù)第七段第一句：In some places, new or small-scale farmers who cannot get into existing markets create their own and attract customers.【精解】由定位句可知，在一些地區(qū)，那些不能夠加入到現(xiàn)存市場(chǎng)的新的或小規(guī)模的農(nóng)民成立了他們自己的市場(chǎng)，并吸引了一些客戶，故答案為A.8. farmers or market managers【定位】由題干中的Trudy Toliver和complaint定位到文章倒數(shù)第五段最后半句：but she “hasnt even heard complaint” about it from farmers or market managers.【精解】定位句中的she指的就是Trudy Toliver, 題干中的hasnt heard any complaint與原文中的hasnt even heard complaint相對(duì)應(yīng)，故原文from 后的farmers or market managers即為答案。9. the location【定位】由題干中的Farmers Market Federation和communities定位到文章倒數(shù)第四段最后一句：The organization has started distributing feasibility surveys to communities that want to open markets so they can figure out if the location has the farmer and customer base necessary to survive, Ms Eggert said.【精解】由定位句可知，該組織已經(jīng)展開對(duì)一些希望開拓市場(chǎng)的群體的可行性調(diào)查，以確定所處的位置是否擁有市場(chǎng)所必需的農(nóng)戶和客戶基礎(chǔ)，以生存下去，題干中的find out與原文中的figure out相對(duì)應(yīng)，故答案為the location.10. antiques or clothing stands【定位】由題干中的Cindy Tobin 和the market where vegetables were for sale定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句：.said she thought markets where vegetables were for sale alongside stands with antiques (古董) or clothing did farmers a disservice.【精解】 題干中的be harmful to the farmers與原文中的did farmers a disservice相對(duì)應(yīng)，題干中的stands close to與原文中的alongside相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此to后應(yīng)填入的賓語(yǔ)即為with后的antiques or clothing stands.Part Listening ComprehensionSection A11. W: If you dont wear an overcoat in the early morning, you will catch a cold.M: But my overcoat is too old and ugly, I want to buy a new one.Q: What does the woman want the man to do?B 對(duì)話中，女士警告男士如果他一大早不穿大衣的話就會(huì)感冒，由此可以推知女士想讓男士穿暖和些。12. W: The fridge has stopped working. Theres no electricity.M: Well have to call Mr. Morris right away.Q: What job does Mr. Morris probably have?C 對(duì)話中的男士在得知停電后要打電話給莫里斯先生，由此可推測(cè)莫里斯先生很可能是電工。13. M: Now, Im going to start off by asking you a difficult question. Why would you like to get this post?W: Well, first of all, I know that your firm has a very good reputation. Then I heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the right person.Q: What do we know from this conversation? C 根據(jù)男士問女士的Why would you like to get this post?和女士所陳述的原因，可判斷女方是在接受面試，為 的是得到這份工作。14. W: Did you hear Mike is in hospital with head injuries and a broken arm?M: Yes. Apparently he was struck by another vehicle and turned completely over.Q: What happened to Mike?A 對(duì)話中男士的回答說明，邁克的車與另一輛車相撞并且撞翻了。15. M: Could you help me to decide what I should buy for my brothers birthday?W: Remember you took a picture of him at his last birthday party? Why not buy him a frame so that he can fix the picture in it?Q: What did the man do last year for his brothers birthday?A 女士回答的第一句話就巳明確說明去年男士的弟弟過生日時(shí)，他給弟弟照了相。16. M: What did your doctor prescribe for you?W: Well, he said there was no need for me to take any medicine if I ate well-balanced meals.Q: What did the doctor say?D 解題關(guān)鍵信息是well-balanced meals (均衡的飲食)，選項(xiàng)D與此意相同。17. W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down?M: Well, Im sure you wont have any trouble, Mrs. Smiths. But if something should happen, call this number, and theyll see that you get help.Q: What did the man really mean?A 根據(jù)男士說的. if something should happen, call this number,可確定選項(xiàng)A正確。18. M: Hey, Louis, Ive got a used copy of our Chemistry textbook for half price.W: Im afraid you wasted your money. Yours is the first edition, but were supposed to be using the third edition.Q: What has the man done?B 對(duì)話中，女士告訴男士他買的書是第一版，而他們要用的是第三版，據(jù)此可判斷男士買錯(cuò)了書。Conversation One（注：劃線部分提示了答案所在。后同。）W: Elizabeth Martin speaking.M: Doctor Martin, my names Mark Johnson. My roommate, Benjamin Jones, is in your art history class, um, Art History 502. W: Yes.M: Well. Hes sick and wont be in your class today. He asked me to bring his term paper to your office.W: OK. The paper is due by 3:00.M: I have a class from one to two. Ill bring it to your office after class.W: Well, I have a meeting this afternoon, so you can drop it off with the secretary of the art history department. Shell see that I get it.M: OK. Oh. and I almost forgot. Im a biology major, but my advisor told me that I need one more humanities course to graduate. I noticed youre teaching a course on landscape painters next semester. Could you tell me a little bit about it?W: Sure. Well, its a course for non-art majors. Well be looking at several different painters and examing their works. Well also look at the history and politics of the era in which they lived.M: That sounds interesting. What else is required?W: Theres no final exam, and theres only one required book. But each student has to give a major presentation about an individual painter at the end of the course.M: Hmm, it sounds good. Will you be in your office later today? Id like to talk with you some more.W: Well, my meetings scheduled to last all afternoon. Why dont you stop by tomorrow, anytime in the afternoon? My office is in the Fine Arts Building, right next to the library.M: Thanks. Ill do that.19. Why does the man call the woman?B 根據(jù)對(duì)話中男士說的 Hes sick and wont be in your class today. He asked me to bring his term paper to your office (他病了，所以今天無法上您的課了。他讓我把他的學(xué)期論文交到您的辦公室），可知男士打電話是幫其室友交學(xué)期論文，選項(xiàng)B符合此意。20. What does the man almost forget to do?A 根據(jù)對(duì)話中男士說的.I almost forgot. but my advisor told me that I need one more humanities course to graduate. I noticed youre teaching a course on landscape painters next semester. Could you tell me a little bit about it (我差點(diǎn)忘了導(dǎo)師說我需要修一門文科課程才能畢業(yè)。我注意到您下學(xué)期要開一門有關(guān)風(fēng)景畫大師的課，您能給我講講嗎），可推知男士想了解女士開設(shè)的一門課，選項(xiàng)A與此意吻合。21. What will students be required to do in the course the woman describes?B 根據(jù)對(duì)話中女士說的 But each student has to give a major presentation about an individual painter at the end of the course (但每個(gè)學(xué)生在課程結(jié)束前必須就一位繪畫大師作主題發(fā)言），可確定選項(xiàng)B正確。22. What does the woman suggest the man do?C 根據(jù)對(duì)話中女士說的Why dont you stop by tomorrow, anytime in the afternoon (你為什么不明天下午找個(gè)時(shí)間順便來我這里呢），可知女士建議男士明天下午找她，選項(xiàng)C與此意吻合。Conversation TwoW: Im going to leave work early today. Theres a debate this evening at 6 oclock. So Im going to get an early dinner and head over there.M: Whos debating about what?W: The two candidates for the State Senate are going to answer questions from reporters. The Daily News is sponsoring the event. Members of the audience will also have a chance to ask questions一so maybe Ill speak, too.M: Oh, so youre interested in politics. Are you helping one of them?W: No. I just want to learn more about the candidates so that I can make an informed decision.M: Well, I dont think Ill be voting, so I guess I wont bother with that.W: Why arent you going to vote?M: Oh. my vote doesnt matter.W: Sure it does!M: Well. besides that. I dont think any of the politicians these days represent my ideas. Id like to see the government support guaranteed loans for people who want to start small businesses. Ive wanted to open my own bakery for years and I cant get a loan.W: You know what? Thats one of the issues theyll probably discuss tonight. One of the candidates wants tax breaks for large companies. He says that will create more jobs. The other candidate owns a restaurant. She wants to start programmes to promote more small businesses.M: Hmm. What do you know? Maybe I should show up there myself.23. Why is the woman going to the debate?D 根據(jù)對(duì)話中女士說的 I just want to learn more about the candidates so that I can make an informed decision (我就是想多了解那些候選人，以便作出有根據(jù)的決定），可確定選項(xiàng)D與此意吻合。24. What reason does the man give for not voting?D 根據(jù)對(duì)話中男士說的Oh, my vote doesnt matter (哦，我的一票無足輕重），可確定選項(xiàng)D正確。25. What will the man probably do?B 根據(jù)對(duì)話最后男士說的Maybe I should show up there myself (也許我也應(yīng)該去），可推知選項(xiàng)B正確。Section BPassage OneThe British education system can be very confusing to an outsider. It is often not understood very well by the British themselves. This is because Britain does not really have an education system. Most of the control over the organization of education is in the hands of local, not central government. The result is that the system can vary from area to area.All children, however, have to go to school at the age of five, and they stay there until they reach the school leaving age, which is sixteen.Children start their education in a primary school, where they usually stay until they are eleven. They then move to a comprehensive school. In some areas, however, they go to a middle school at about the age of ten, and then move to a comprehensive school when they are thirteen. Middle schools are larger than primary schools, but smaller than comprehensive schools. They aim to prepare students for the larger, more formal comprehensive schools.26. Who controls the organization of education?A 文中第一段倒數(shù)第二句話表明，教育的組織結(jié)構(gòu)是由地方政府來控制的。27. At what age do children go to school?A 文中第二段第一句話表明，孩子的上學(xué)年齡為五歲。28. Which are the largest schools?C 根據(jù)文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單推理，便可知綜合學(xué)校的規(guī)模最大。Passage TwoIn China it is relatively usual to ask people their age, but in the West this question is generally regarded as impolite. This is particularly true of women, and even more so if the enquirer is a man.However, it is very normal to ask children their age, and some adults may not mind being asked either. In fact, some elderly people are quite happy to reveal their age, especially if they feel they look young for their age. Nevertheless, it is not very wise to ask a direct question like “How old are you?” If elderly people want to talk about their age, and perhaps receive a compliment on how young they look, they may easily bring up the topic themselves, and ask the other person to guess how old they are. In such a situation, it is quite acceptable to discuss age freely. They normally expect to be complimented on their youthfulness, though, rather than to be told that they look very old!29. What is thought to be impolite in the West, according to this passage?B 文中第一段第一句話表明，在西方，詢問年齡通常會(huì)被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的。30. Why do some elderly people like to reveal their age?A 文中第二段第二句話表明，如果老人認(rèn)為自己比實(shí)際年齡看起來年輕時(shí)，就很愿意透露自己的年齡。31. What do people expect to be told when talking about age?C 文中最后一句話表明，人們通常希望別人恭維自己看起來很年輕。Passage ThreeMany people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. It may be true. From the time youngsters become fourteen years old they are likely to dream of having their own car. Many young people work after school during their last year of high school in order to buy a car. Learning to drive and obtaining a drivers license may be one of the most exciting times of a young persons life.People who almost never go to a doctor when they are sick will take their cars to a mechanic at the first sign of a problem. Those who do not like to work around the home on Saturdays may devote most of that day to washing and waxing their cars.For some families its not enough to have one car. They often have two or even three - one for work and one for recreation.Many men and women in the United States need to have a car. Many need a car to go to work. Housewives need a car to go shopping or to take the children to school or other activities.In most states young people learn to drive in high school, where driver training is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student must take a driving test to obtain a license. For many, that piece of paper is an important symbol that they are now adults.32. Why do some young people work after school during their last year of high school?A 文中第一段第四句話表明，他們這樣做是為了買車。33. What is often more important than going to a doctor?C 文中第二段第一句話表明，即使生病也不去醫(yī)院的人會(huì)一看到汽車有了問題就送去修理。34. Why do housewives need cars?D 文中第四段第三句話表明，家庭主婦要開車去購(gòu)物、送孩子去學(xué)校等。35. According to the passage, where do many boys and girls learn to drive?B 文中最后一段第一句話表明，很多年輕人是在中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)開車的。Section CListening is an extremely complex communicative activity. In his book Principles and Implications of Cognitive Psychology, Neisser defines listening as “a temporally extended activity”, in which the listener continuously (36) develops more or less specific readiness for what will come next. In other words, an (37) effective listener is constantly setting up hypothesis in his mind, and also, he is constantly testing his hypothesis by matching it with what he has heard in reality. If he hears what he has expected, he receives the information. But if what he hears is totally out of his (38) expectation, he fails to get the message.The skill to (39) anticipate what is coming in listening comprehension depends largely on the listeners (40) familiarity with the theme of the message. It also depends on the listeners (41) knowledge of the speaker as well as the setting.Obviously, when we listen to something that we already have some information about, it is generally a lot easier for us to take in the new information. Therefore, pre-listening (42) preparation seems to have a big role to play in (43) enhancing listening comprehension. Before actual listening, (44) we could perhaps first give some thought to the topic, discuss it with others, read some related materials and do some vocabulary work. If we could make ourselves fully oriented for the forthcoming talks or lectures, we are more likely to become effective listeners.Of course, readiness beforehand is not at all enough. (45) Active thinking must take place all the way through. In fact, we should always try to think ahead of the speaker. The ability to anticipate helps us in logical and intelligent guesswork. (46) It does not only enable us to know generally what a person is going to talk about in a certain situation, but also sometimes even exactly what a persons next utterance is going to be in a discussion.Part Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法，此處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，再結(jié)合后面的介詞on, 可知填research合適，表示“關(guān)于的研究”。48. J 此處空格前面是will, 后面是動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法可知，此處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)副詞。結(jié)合句意，可知randomly合適，表示“隨機(jī)分配”。49. C 此處空格前面是名詞所有格，可知此處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意，可知permission合適