3冊(cè)8單元詞匯重點(diǎn)句子翻譯.doc

73冊(cè)8單元詞匯Implication: 1. Usually plural a possible effect or result. The economic implications for the industry will be far-reaching. 對(duì)該行業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的。 The journalists discussed the political implications of the war. 記者們討論了這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在政治上的影響。 2. Something that is suggested or not openly stated. I thought the implication was that they were splitting up. 我想這潛在的意思是他們分手了。 I resent the implication that my work is not well done. 我討厭別人暗示我，說我的工作做得不好。第一段1. plain adverb(informal)(非正式)as submodifierused for emphasis用于強(qiáng)調(diào)Perhaps the youth was just plain stupid.或許那位青年不過是太笨了而已。It was just plain stupid to give him your address. 你把你的地址告訴他， 真是太傻了。 What she said was just plain wrong. 她說的都是錯(cuò)的。clearly; unequivocally明白地；不含糊地Im finished with you, Ill tell you plain.我們倆一刀兩斷了，明白告訴你。At the very beginning, it was a complete shock to people.Word: a piece of news or a message The news that scientists had successfully cloned an adult mammal attracted a lot of public attention and interest. The successful clone was an achievement that had been thought impossible for quite a long time. 2. work for: (1) apply to 適用于The rules of safe driving work for every driver. 安全駕駛準(zhǔn)則適用于每一個(gè)駕駛員。What is more. What you have said works for yourself as well. 此外，你所說的話也適用于你自己。(2) make efforts to achieve sth. 為工作 The statesman is working for peace. 這位政治家致力于和平事業(yè)。We should all work for the complete abolition of poverty. 我們都應(yīng)為徹底消除貧困而努力工作。3. within (ones) reach (1) inside the distance that one can touch by stretchingarm 在伸手能及的范圍內(nèi)The bottle was within his reach. 瓶子在他伸手可及的地方。Adjust the car seat so that all controls are within reach. 調(diào)整汽車座椅，以便能夠著所有控制器。 (2) achievable or attainable Championship is within reach. 馬上就能獲得冠軍了。 Economic growth of 10% is within reach. 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)10%的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。Out of reach / beyond reach: An expensive trip like that would be completely beyond my reach. 像這樣費(fèi)用高昂的旅行，我是負(fù)擔(dān)不起的。 Keep the medicine out of reach of children. 將藥放到兒童夠不著的地方。4. Come into life become a reality Be alive or vivid:When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came to life at once. 興致勃勃The quiet girl has come to life since she worked as a saleswoman. 少言寡語-活躍 unremarkable adjective not particularly interesting or surprising不引人注目的；平凡的his early childhood was unremarkable.他的童年平平淡淡。an unremarkable house.普普通通的房第二-三段5. in the wake of: coming after or following 隨著，緊跟著/ happening after an event or as a result of it Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterdays bomb attacks. 發(fā)生炸彈爆炸事件后，機(jī)場(chǎng)特別加強(qiáng)了安全防范工作。After this announcement, governments were in a hurry to draw guidelines for a future which is full of incredible possibilities and hard to predict. incredible adjective impossible to believe不可信的an almost incredible tale of triumph and tragedy.一個(gè)幾乎不可信的關(guān)于勝利和悲劇的故事。difficult to believe; extraordinary難以置信的；非凡的the noise from the crowd was incredible.人群的嘈雜聲令人難以置信。6. draft ,verbwith obj.prepare a preliminary version of (a text)起草，草擬I drafted a letter of resignation.我起草了一份辭職報(bào)告。draft ,noun a preliminary version of a piece of writing草稿，草案，草擬the first draft of the partys manifesto該黨宣言的初稿as modifiera draft document一份草擬的文件(US)conscript (someone) for military service(美)征召入伍，使服役 He was drafted by the army and served for 4 years. (the draft)(chiefly US)compulsory recruitment for military service(主美)征兵25 million men were subject to the draft.符合征兵條件的有2,500萬人。as modifierdraft cards征兵卡7. generate: cause something to exist; produce I think this new product will generate a ot of profits for the company. 我認(rèn)為這種新產(chǎn)品會(huì)為公司帶來很多利潤(rùn)。 The move is intended to generate more job opportunities. 該方案是為了創(chuàng)造更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)。Dollys birth has raised a lot of difficult problems for - to cope with.8. mount: increase in amount or degree Sales were mounting after prices were lowered. 價(jià)格降低后，銷售量就上去了。 Tension mounted as we waited for the decision. 我們等待著決定時(shí)，氣氛越來越緊張。 Wild: extravagant or unreasonable; fanciful荒誕的；不合常理的；異想天開的who, even in their wildest dreams, could have anticipated such a victory?.再異想天開，誰能想到會(huì)取得這樣一個(gè)大勝利？。And people continue to bring up many unpredictable questions about cloning.第四-五段9. in the first place: at first; at the beginning I never wanted him to get involved in the first place. 我一開始就不希望他卷進(jìn)來。I would never have done it if I had been warned in the first place. 要是一開始就被告誡的話，我就不會(huì)干了。Firstly: Well, in the first place, I cannot afford it, and in the second place Im not interested. 首先，這個(gè)我買不起，其次，我對(duì)它也不感興趣。There are several reasons for his failure. In the first place, he never sticks to things long. 他失敗有幾個(gè)原因。 首先，他做事沒有長(zhǎng)性。10. fall into: be divided into; belong to These books fall into three classes. 這些書分為三類。 This book falls into the class of modern fiction. 這本書屬于現(xiàn)代小說. There are two main types of human cloning situations that experts often consider -.第六-七段11. Perhaps its possible to clone the dead if the person has been dead not long, says one expert.And that means that the nucleus must not be damaged. But, yes. It might be possible to clone the dead. At least, theoretically speaking.break apart :break in pieces without force being used; come apart 自行裂開The ice will break apart when the warm weather comes. 天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖，冰層就會(huì)破裂。Intact: complete and not damaged. In theory: as a general idea which may not be true in reality.第八-十段12. be identical to /with: exactly the same as 與一模一樣My opinion is identical with his. 我的意見和他的意見相同。This system is identical to the one used in France. 這套系統(tǒng)和在法國(guó)用的一模一樣。Would a cloned human be exactly the same as the original?Identical genes dont produce identical people. Anyone who knows some identical twins can tell you. As is used as a relative pronoun, standing for the main clause “identical genes dont produce identical people.” He is an Englishman, as I know from his accent. 他是個(gè)英國(guó)人，從他的口音我就能聽出來。 He was late for school, as is often the case. 他又遲到了，他常常這樣。 As anyone can see, they are very happy. 任何人都能看出來，他們很快樂。 As was usual with him, he went out for a walk after dinner. 像往常一樣，他吃完飯出去散步了。13. and ( so on and ) so forth: (used at the end of a list to show that it continues in the same way) and other things of the kind that have already been mentioned 等等 He talked about how much we owe to our parents, our duty to our country and so on /and so forth. 他談到我們受到父母多少恩惠，我們對(duì)國(guó)家應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)等等。 They sell pens, pencils, paper and so on /and so forth. 他們賣鋼筆、鉛筆、紙張等等。By cloning, parents could have a second child who looked the same as the first one, but all the evidence shows that the two children would be different in character.Resemble: be similar to someone or something in appearance He did not resemble his mother. 他長(zhǎng)得不像他母親。Biologically speaking, a clone would not be the same as the original. Since clones and their originals have very small differences in their bodies, we probably need an advanced laboratory to find out the small differences between them. One possible major difference between the original and the clone lies in their ability to have children. They will try to find out if Dolly can give birth to lambs when she is old enough.Minor: smaller in degree, size, number or importance when compared with others. The minor characters in the novel are not flat at all. 這部小說中的小人物也并不是平淡無味的。第11-13段What if - what would happen if What if the car breaks down? 如果汽車壞了怎么辦？What if you go instead of me? 如果你代替我去會(huì)怎么樣？What would happen if parents decided to clone a child in order to have or use their organs?Most experts agree that if a child got to know that he had been born simply to give an organ to another child, it would have harmful effects on his mind.However, some parents already bear second children just for the purpose of transplanting organs, and many experts do not object to this.bring into the worldgive birth to/ bear ( bore/ boren) 生(孩子) My grandmother brought six children into the world. 我的祖母有六個(gè)孩子。14. with sth. in mindwith sth. as ones aim or as the reason or basis for ones action 出于.的目的 He was no longer a young man. With this in mind he slowed down the car. 他已經(jīng)不再是個(gè)年輕人了。考慮到這一點(diǎn)，他放慢了車速。Several new milk products are being developed with this goal in mind. 考慮到這一目標(biāo)，幾種新牛奶產(chǎn)品正在被開發(fā)。With + n. + prepositional phrase: She rushed out of the room, with tears in her eyes. 她眼里含著淚沖出了房間。 He stood there with his hands in his pockets. 他雙手插在口袋里站在哪兒。15. get around：overcome; avoid or find a satisfactory way of dealing with 成功地解決，克服Do you see a way to get around the problem? 你有解決這問題的方法嗎？There is no way your mother can stay here, -well just have to get around it somehow. 你媽媽不能留在這兒，我們必須想個(gè)辦法。In order to find a satisfactory way of using cloned animals as organ donors, one company is trying to change the pigs genetic code to prevent pigs organ from being rejected by the human body system.第14-16段How would a human clone call the donor of its DNA?16. refer to (1) use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe sb./sth. 將稱為Our economy is referred to as market economy. 我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)被稱為市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)。 I refer to him as one of the promising students in my class. 我稱他為班上有前途的學(xué)生之一。(2) talk about a particular subject or person 提及，談到 What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要說的話涉及到你們大家。 The minister referred to the importance of the increased exports. 部長(zhǎng)提及增加出口的重要性。(3) go to sb. /sth. or look at sth. for information 查閱，詢問 If you refer to a dictionary, you will easily find the meaning of the word. 如果你查字典，你會(huì)很容易找到這個(gè)詞的意思。 The speaker often referred to his notes. 那個(gè)講演者不時(shí)地看發(fā)言稿。(4) direct sb./sth. to sb./sth. for help or to be dealt with 轉(zhuǎn)送至某人以便得到處理或幫助 The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers. 商店把投訴轉(zhuǎn)交給制造商。The doctor referred her to a heart specialist. 醫(yī)生叫她找心臟病專家。17. In her writings published using the pen name of “Miss Manners”, Judith Martin suggests referring to DNA donors as “Most respected sir or madam”Under the name of : using a name different from ones ownHe travelled under the name of Green. 他在旅行中用的是格林這個(gè)名字。 He signed the letter under the name of Jameson. 他在這封信上簽的名字是詹姆森。In the name of something: for the sake of : They acted in the name of democracy. 他們以民主的名義行事。 I do this in the name of love. 我以愛的名義做這件事。 In the name of someone: representing someone: Can you write a letter in the name of all the young people in the village? 你能不能代表村里的年輕人寫一封信呢？She says, “one should always respect their ancestors no matter how they brought them into the world.” Judith Martins suggestion still leaves people confused about how to use proper words to address the DNA donors.18. Regardless of: without being affected by anything else : Everybody is equal, regardless of their race, color or sex. 不分種族，膚色，性別，人人都是平等的。第17-19 段To be specific, some experts worry about the creation of new social class ( which is looked down upon by society): “the clones”19. be concerned about: give ones attention to or worry about : We are all concerned about her safety. 我們都擔(dān)心她的安全。 He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him. 他從來不在乎別人怎么看他。comparable to/ withsimilar in size, number, quality, etc. so that a comparison is possible 可與相比 Our house is not comparable with yours. 我們的房子比不上你們的。No horse has a speed comparable to that of his. 沒有一匹馬的速度能比得上他的馬。20. puzzle over：think hard about; find the answer by thinking hard 努力思考 The old general was puzzling over the old map. 老將軍對(duì)著那張舊地圖苦苦思索著。Why waste effort puzzling over his intentions? 何必費(fèi)力氣去猜他的意圖呢？Henry puzzled over the figures for hours without making head or tail of 看懂it. 這些數(shù)字亨利苦苦地算了好幾個(gè)鐘頭，還是摸不著頭腦。Classify: divide things into groups according to type : would you classify this book as sociology or politics? 你會(huì)把這本書歸入社會(huì)學(xué)類還是政治學(xué)類？Debate: discuss a subject formally before making a decision: The authorities debated whether to build a new airport. 當(dāng)局就是否建新機(jī)場(chǎng)展開辯論。 The United Nations Security Council will debate the issue today. 聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)今天將討論這個(gè)問題。 One expert believes that the cloning issue reminds us of what happened in the 16th century, when Europeans did not know how to classify the native people in the Americas ( America is the continent containing North, South and Central America. In former times this continent was also known as the Americas) because they were not familiar with them, and had endless debates about whether or not they were human beings.3冊(cè)8單元課文重點(diǎn)句子和課后翻譯1. At first it was just plain surprising. Word that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossiblecaught the imagination of everyone. The laboratory process that produced Dolly, an unremarkable-looking sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well. A world with human clones was suddenly within reach. It was science fiction coming to life. 起初，這對(duì)人們絕對(duì)是個(gè)震驚。有消息稱科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成功克隆了一只成年哺乳動(dòng)物，一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期以來被認(rèn)為是不可能的成就。這一傳聞引發(fā)了每個(gè)人的想象?？寺《嗬颍ㄒ恢幌嗝矡o奇的綿羊）的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，從理論上說也同樣適用于克隆人類。一個(gè)克隆人的世界突然間近在咫尺，科幻小說變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。2. In the wake of this announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. 此消息宣布之后，為了一個(gè)未知世界，一個(gè)充滿各種不可思議的可能性的未來，各國(guó)政府立即起草指導(dǎo)方針。 3. Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight, Dollys appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians, and philosophers. 就像相對(duì)論、原子裂變和第一次太空飛行一樣，多莉的出現(xiàn)給科學(xué)家、政治家和哲學(xué)家們提出了一長(zhǎng)串難以解答的難題。4. The cloning method used requires combining an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the DNA of the person to be cloned. (DNA is a very long, ribbon-like molecule that contains our genetic information.) 所使用的克隆方法要求將一個(gè)卵細(xì)胞和一個(gè)含有被克隆人的 DNA 的細(xì)胞核相結(jié)合。(DNA 是一種含有我們的基因信息的狹長(zhǎng)帶狀分子。)5. Identical genes dont produce identical people, as anyone who knows a set of identical twins can tell you. 相同的基因不會(huì)復(fù)制出相同的人。任何認(rèn)識(shí)一些雙胞胎的人都知道這一點(diǎn)。6. Even in terms of biology, a clone would not be identical to the “master copy”. The clones cells, for example, would have energy-processing machinery that came from the egg, not from the person who was cloned. 即使從生物學(xué)的角度看，克隆人也不會(huì)和 “母本” 一模一樣。比如，克隆人的細(xì)胞可能會(huì)有來自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工機(jī)制。7. Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor. But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind, and many experts do not oppose this. Cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent. 多數(shù)專家都認(rèn)為，如果一個(gè)孩子感到自己只是作為一個(gè)器官捐贈(zèng)者來到這個(gè)世界，那他的心理可能受到傷害。但也有為了進(jìn)行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二個(gè)小孩的父母，對(duì)此許多專家也并不反對(duì)。克隆可以將組織適配率從 25% 提高到將近 100%。8. If cloned animals could be used as organ donors, we wouldnt have to worry about cloning twins for transplants. 如果把被克隆的動(dòng)物用作器官捐贈(zèng)體，那我們就不必?fù)?dān)心為器官移植而克隆雙胞胎了。9. “Mom” is not right, because the woman who supplied the egg and gave birth to the infant would more appropriately be called Mother. “Dad” isnt right, either. A traditional father supplies only half the DNA in a child. 稱呼 “媽媽” 不正確，因?yàn)樘峁┞炎硬⑸聥牒⒌呐硬鸥匈Y格被稱為母親。稱呼 “爸爸” 也不對(duì)。傳統(tǒng)意義上的父親只提供孩子身上一半的 DNA。 10. “One should always respect ones ancestors,” she says, “regardless of what they did to bring one into