英語寫作復(fù)習(xí)資料.doc

英語寫作復(fù)習(xí)資料1選擇（略）2句子翻譯（漢譯英）練習(xí)1：一、 1. There has been _an_ ever greater interest in this subject. 2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great _a_ rise in temperature. 3. Its primary disadvantage is _an_ increase in noise. 4. _The_ successful design of the equipment requires _a_ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications. 5. In _the_ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, _a_ single electron revolves around _a_ single proton in a circle of radius R.二、1、這是一個(gè)h參數(shù)（parameter）。1、This is an h parameter.2、現(xiàn)在我們轉(zhuǎn)向（turn to）討論一下局域網(wǎng)（local area networks）。2、Now lets turn to a discussion of local area networks.3、Bainbridge 質(zhì)譜儀（mass spectrometer）是與光譜儀（optical spectrometer）一樣重要的儀器。3、The Bainbridge mass spectrometer is as important an instrument as the optical spectrometer. 4、必需求出為使一個(gè)電子通過（travel）這一段導(dǎo)線（length of the wire）需要多長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。4、It is necessary to find out how long a time it needs to ravel the length of the wire for an electron.5、物質(zhì)（substance）的密度（density）是其每單位體積的質(zhì)量（mass）。5、The density of a substance is its mass per unit volume.練習(xí)2：一、1、普通的變壓器（transformer）并不是理想的，所以（therefore）在其中會(huì)發(fā)生功率損耗（power loss）。1、Commen transformers are not ideal; therfore, power loss acurre in them.2、這物質(zhì)能吸引鐵質(zhì)物體（iron object），甚至能使它們磁化（magnetize）。2、This matieral 改為：materialcan abstract改為：attract iron object and even can magnetize them.3、這電路（circuit）由一個(gè)電池、一個(gè)電感器（inductor）、一個(gè)電容器(capacitor)組成。3、The circuit consists of a battary改為：battery, a inductor and a capacitor.4、試計(jì)算在a，b，c三點(diǎn)處的電場(chǎng)（electric field）。4、Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c. 5、這顆衛(wèi)星用于美國(guó)與英、法、意之間的通訊。5、 This satellite is used for communications between the United States and Great Britain, France and Italy.二、1、該電路中的電流為電源（source）的短路電流（short-circuit current）的一半。1、The current in the circuit is one half the short-circuit current of the source.2、這種蓄電池（storage battery）的內(nèi)阻（internal resistance）僅為零點(diǎn)零零幾歐姆（ohm）。2、The internal resistance of this kind of storage battery is only a few thousandths of an ohm.3、其誤差（error）為1012分之六。3、Its error is six parts in 1012.4、這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)所儲(chǔ)存的信息比那臺(tái)多三倍。（要求把“計(jì)算機(jī)”用作為主語的“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu)的句型）4、This computer stores four times more information than that one (does).5、月球的質(zhì)量為地球的1/ 80.5、The mass of the moon is 1/80 that of the earth.練習(xí)3： 一、1、 這類計(jì)算機(jī)與那類相比有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。1、 This type of computer has many advantages over that type.2、我們必須解這個(gè)方程把回路電流（loop current）求出來。2、We must solve this equation for the loop current.3、在這新的五章中，第一章論述負(fù)反饋（negative feedback）的基本原理。3、Of these five new chapters, the first one deals with the basic principles of negative feedback.4、本節(jié)介紹力的概念。4、This section introduces presents the concept of force.5、這個(gè)參數(shù)（parameter）是隨溫度而變化的。5、 This parameter varies changes with temperature.二、1、 若x1，則該方程無解。1、For x1, there is no solution to this equation this equation has no solution.2、在把這些數(shù)值代入該方程后，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)v等于光速。2、Upon On substituting substitution of these values into to the equation, it was found that v is equal to the velocity of light.3、 在研究電學(xué)（electricity）時(shí)，物理學(xué)家們定義了該參數(shù)。3、 In their study of electricity, physicists defined the parameter.4、 這個(gè)電路的工作情況類似于圖110的電路。4、 This circuit is similar in operation to that of Fig. 1-10.5、在我們討論這一課題時(shí)，我們將把注意力限于其基本原理上。5、In our discussion of this subject, we shall restrict our attention to its basic principles.練習(xí)4：一、1、這個(gè)題的答案看起來是正確的。1、The answer (key) to this problem looks (appears) correct.2、 這個(gè)系數(shù)（coefficient）有待于確定。2、 This coefficient remains to be determined.3、 下面兩個(gè)式子在后面幾章將會(huì)經(jīng)常用到。3、 The two equations below will be often (frequently) used in later chapters.4、 這里我們使用相距10厘米的兩個(gè)金屬球。4、 Here we use two metal balls 10 cm apart.5、 這篇論文沒有什么新內(nèi)容。5、This paper contains (has) nothing new. There is nothing new in this paper.練習(xí)5：一、1、 這檢測(cè)過程（detection process）可以用以下兩種方法（way）的任何一種來進(jìn)行（perform）。1、 The detection process can be performed in either of the following two ways.2、 在該結(jié)（junction）上有一個(gè)電容（capacitance）。它的存在在高頻時(shí)會(huì)引起問題的。2、 There is a capacitance across the junction. Its presence existence will cause problems at high frequencies.3、 這個(gè)棒球（baseball）不久會(huì)停了下來（come to rest），是因?yàn)樗c地面相互作用的緣故。3、 This baseball will soon come to rest because of its interaction with the ground.4、 我們把這個(gè)系數(shù)選為1是正確的。4、Our choice of this coefficient as 1 is correct.5、這是由于（due to）它使用了繼電器（relay）而不是電子器件（electronic device）的緣故。5、This is due to its use of relays rather than electronic devices.二、1、不久我們將會(huì)制造出手表那么大小的計(jì)算機(jī)。1、Soon Before long we shall have computers the size of a watch.2、 這輛警車裝備了像火柴盒（matchbox）那么大小的接收機(jī)。2、 This police car is equipped with a receiver the size of a matchbox. 3、 人們使用一根絲線（silk thread）的百分子一那么粗細(xì)（diameter）的導(dǎo)線（wire）來連接這些部件（component）。3、 Wires one hundredth the diameter of a silk thread are used to connect these components.4、 我們必須對(duì)這些工具進(jìn)行熱處理（treat）。4、 We must heat treat these tools.5、 在過去，電話是靠接線員（operator）來連接的。5、 In the past, telephone calls were operator connected.三、1、 在上面的幾個(gè)式子中，所有的h都是混合參數(shù)（hybrid parameter）。1、 In the equations above, all hs are the hybrid parameters.2、 在時(shí)間t2和t3之間，該二極管（diode）似乎是導(dǎo)通（on）的。2、 Between times t2 and t3 the diode appears to be on.3、 在這個(gè)電路（circuit）中有三個(gè)電動(dòng)勢(shì)（emf）。3、 In this circuit, there are three emfs.4、 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)磅（standard pound）的質(zhì)量（mass）等于0.4535924277 千克。4、 The mass of the standard pound is equal to 0.4535924277 kilograms.5、 式51中的所有a和b都與阻抗（impedance）Ro有關(guān)。5、All as and bs in Eq. (5-1) are related to the impedance Ro.3、 段落翻譯練習(xí)1：化學(xué)是基于需要測(cè)量像長(zhǎng)度、體積、質(zhì)量和溫度這樣一些量的概念之上的。這些測(cè)量是定量的（quantitative）；也就是，它們具有與其相關(guān)的（associated with）數(shù)字。在這一節(jié)，我們將考慮用在定量測(cè)量中的一些簡(jiǎn)單儀器。我們還將考察（look at）用來表示這些被測(cè)的量的單位。譯：Chemistry is based upon concepts that require the measurement of such quantities as length, volume, mass, and temperature. These measurements are quantitative; that is, they have numbers associated with them. In this section, we will consider some of the simple instruments used in quantitative measurements. We will also look at the units used to express these measured quantities.練習(xí)2：溫度這一概念對(duì)我們大家來說都是熟悉的。這是因?yàn)槲覀兊纳眢w對(duì)溫差是非常靈敏的。當(dāng)我們拾起（pick up）一塊冰時(shí)，我們感到冷，因?yàn)槠錅囟鹊陀谖覀兪值臏囟取Ｔ诤攘艘槐Х群?，我們可能把它說成（refer to as ）“熱的”，“溫的”（lukewarm）或“很糟的”（atrocious）。在頭兩種情況下，至少我們?cè)诿枋銎錅囟瘸^（exceed）我們的（溫度的）程度。譯：The concept of temperature is familiar to all of us. This is because our bodies are so sensitive to temperature differences. When we pick up a piece of ice, we feel cold because its temperature is lower than that of our hand. After drinking a cup of coffee, we may refer to it as “hot,” “l(fā)ukewarm,” or “atrocious.” In the first two cases, at least, we are describing the extent to which its temperature exceeds ours.練習(xí)3： 用在手電（flashlight）中的普通干電池（dry cell）被構(gòu)作（construct）成圖238所示那樣。正電極（electrode）是一根碳棒（carbon rod），負(fù)電極是一個(gè)鋅殼（zinc can）。這電池被稱為“干的”是因?yàn)槠潆娊庖海╡lectrolyte）是一種潮濕的糊劑（moist paste）。如果它真的（actually）是干的話，電解液中的離子（ion）就不能動(dòng)來動(dòng)去（move about），電流就產(chǎn)生不了了。在電池工作（operation）時(shí)，鋅原子通過失去電子而變成了鋅離子。譯：The common dry cell used in flashlights is constructed as shown in Fig. 23-8. The positive electrode is a carbon rod and the negative one is a zinc can. The cell is called “dry” because its electrolyte is a moist paste. If it were actually dry, ions in the electrolyte could not move about and no current could be produced. In the operation of the cell, zinc atoms become zinc ions by losing electrons.練習(xí)4： 物質(zhì)（substance）的密度（density）為其質(zhì)量（mass）與其體積之比（ratio）。液體和固體的密度最通常是用克每立方厘米來表示的。它們的密度可以通過獨(dú)立地測(cè)出一個(gè)樣品（sample）的質(zhì)量和體積求得。對(duì)于固體來說，密度確定起來要困難一點(diǎn)。一種通常的方法（approach）示于圖1.4中。首先利用天平（balance）測(cè)出該固體樣品的質(zhì)量。通過確定由該固體所排開（diaplace）的液體的體積來間接地求出其體積。譯：The density of a substance is the ratio of its mass to its volume. Densities of liquids and solids are most often expressed in grams per cubic centimeter. Their densities can be found by measuring, independently, the mass and volume of a sample. For With solids, density is a bit more difficult to determine. A common approach is shown in Fig. 1.4. The mass of the sample is first measured (by) using with