Unit1 重點(diǎn)短語、句子和語法.docx

1. something to drink 一些吃的 2. What about some milk? 來些牛奶怎么樣？ Can I have some more food?我可以再來些食物嗎？3. two more books = another two books 更多兩本書 數(shù)字+ more = another +數(shù)字4. Theres nothing else in the fridge. 冰箱里沒別的什么。 (形容詞修飾不定代詞置其后)5. Maybe we can share it. = We may share it. 也許我們能分享它。( maybe 副詞，置于句首；may 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，置于句中，后接動(dòng)詞原形)6. be honest 是誠實(shí)的 an honest boy dishonest adj. 不誠實(shí)的7. keep a secret / keep secrets 保守秘密Thank you for keeping the secret for me.感謝你為我保守秘密。They kept their secret to themselves.他們之間保守了秘密。8. make me happy 使我快樂 make sb. + adj. make your friend special 使你的朋友特別9. share my joy 分享我的快樂 = share my happiness share sth. with sb. 與某人分享某物10. have problems遇到困難 solve problems解決問題have problems with sth. / have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困難11. believe what he says = believe his words 相信他所說的12. write to sb.寫信給某人 hear from sb.收到某人來信clean and tidy 干凈整潔musical adj. 有音樂天賦的= be good at music13. tell you about my best friend 告訴你關(guān)于我最好的朋友 tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人關(guān)于某事14. She is as slim as I (am). 她和我一樣苗條。15. one of my best friends 我最好的朋友之一 one of +最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)16. be generous to sb. 對(duì)某人慷慨 be kind to people 對(duì)人們友善be willing to share things with her friends 樂意與她的朋友分享東西 be willing to do sth.be ready to help people any time 樂意隨時(shí)幫助人 be ready to do sth.17. help me with my homework 在作業(yè)方面幫助我 help sb. do sth. / help sb. to do sth. 幫某人做某事18. give a seat to someone in need 給需要的人讓座19. help people in need 幫助需要幫助的人 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真情。20. She wants to travel around the world when she grows up. 當(dāng)她長大后，她想環(huán)游世界。21. We may not get to see each other often.我們也許沒時(shí)間經(jīng)常見面。 get to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事I got to know her ten years ago. 我十年前認(rèn)識(shí)了她。22. a wonderful friend named/ called Max 一個(gè)叫做Max的好朋友23. have poor eyesight 視力不好24. because of working on the computer too much 由于用電腦過度= because of too much computer work because + 句子 because of (doing) sth.We didnt go there because of the bad weather. = We didnt go there because the weather was bad.25.wear small, round glasses 戴小圓眼鏡 wear 戴著 wear a tie 系領(lǐng)帶 wear 系著wear a smile on ones face 面帶微笑 wear面帶26. make him look smart 使他看上去聰明 make me laugh 使我開懷大笑make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事27.have a good sense of humour = be very humourous有幽默感 humour n . humourous adj.28. never feel bored or unhappy 從不感到無聊或不高興tell funny jokes 講滑稽的笑話 tell a story 講故事 tell a lie 說謊話29. walk past the desk = pass the desk 從桌旁走過knock our books off the desks 把我們的書從桌上撞下 knock sth. off someplace 把某物從某地撞下 knock over sth. 撞翻某物30. think of 想起 think over 仔細(xì)考慮31. read an advertisement 讀一則廣告 straight, shoulder-length hair齊肩的長發(fā)a true friend 一個(gè)忠實(shí)的朋友 say bad words about sb. 說某人壞話 never say a bad word about anyone 從不說任何人壞話32. vote for sb. 投票支持某人33. a square face 一張方臉 square adj. 方的34. height n. 高度 weight n. 重量 length n. 長度the same height as = as tall / high asthe same weight as = as heavy asthe same length as = as long asWhats the height of? = How tall / high is?Whats the weight of? = How heavy is?Whats the length of? = How long is?35. outdoor activities 戶外活動(dòng)36. I dont think swimming is as interesting as hiking. 我認(rèn)為游泳不如遠(yuǎn)足有趣。I dont think any of these outdoor activities are dangerous if we are careful.我認(rèn)為如果我們小心，這些戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)中任何一種都不危險(xiǎn)。37.Its great to sing for people. 為人們歌唱太棒了。38. listen to peoples problems 聆聽人們的問題39. help people solve problems 幫人們解決問題 solve = work out 解決make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友try/do ones best to do sth.盡某人最大努力做某事be a social worker 當(dāng)一名社會(huì)工作者tell you about my future plans 告訴你關(guān)于我將來的計(jì)劃 in the future 在將來40. I agree with you. 我贊成你。 agree with sb. 同意某人（觀點(diǎn)、意見等）agree to do sth. 同意做某事41. He is friendly.(提問) Whats he like?42. a reader of your magazine 一名你們雜志的讀者I have some problems with my new school. 我在新學(xué)校遇到些困難。43.move to Beijing 搬到北京know the new school very well 對(duì)新學(xué)校很了解 knowvery well 對(duì)很了解44. feel nervous 感到緊張 feel uncomfortable 感到不舒服 feel shy 感到害羞45. sit alone in the playground 獨(dú)自坐在操場上miss my old classmates very much很想念老同學(xué)I dont know what to do. 我不知道該做什么。46. I hope you can give me some advice. 我希望你能給我一些建議。 a piece of advice47. She is both my best friend and my neighbour. 他既是我最好的朋友也是我的鄰居。 bothand48. She lives next door. 她住在隔壁。 (提問) Where does she live?49 bright, smiling eyes 明亮的、帶笑的眼睛 She always wears a smile on her face. wear a smile on ones face面帶微笑(動(dòng)詞短語) The teacher came in with a smile on her face. with a smile on ones face面帶微笑(介詞短語)50. healthier than watching TV比看電視健康51. What about playing football? 踢球怎么樣？52. Thats what we think too. 那也是我們所想的。53. answer questions correctly 正確回答問題英語語法-比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法在英語中通常用下列方式表示的詞: 在形容詞或副詞前加more (如 more natural , more clearly )或加后綴 er ( newer ,sooner )。英語句子中，將比較兩個(gè)主體的方法叫做“比較句型”。其中，像“A比B更”的表達(dá)方式稱為比較級(jí)；而“A最”的表達(dá)方式則稱為最高級(jí)。組成句子的方式是將形容詞或副詞變化成比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)的形態(tài)。一、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1一般單雙音節(jié)詞，比較級(jí)在后面加-er，最高級(jí)在后面加-est；（1）單音節(jié)詞如：smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortest talltallertallest greatgreatergreatest（2）雙音節(jié)詞如：clevercleverercleverest narrownarrowernarrowest2以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，比較在原級(jí)后加-r，最高級(jí)在原級(jí)后加-st；如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablerablest3在重讀閉音節(jié)（即：輔音元音輔音）中，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，比較級(jí)加-er，最高級(jí)加-est；如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fatfatterfattest4以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞， 把y改為i，比較級(jí)加-er，最高級(jí)加-est；如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest busybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest5其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，比較級(jí)在前面加more，最高級(jí)在前面加most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful differentmore differentmost different easilymore easilymost easily注意：（1）形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞 the，副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。 例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示非常。 It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem.6有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則的，必須熟記。如： goodbetterbest wellbetterbest badworseworst illworseworst oldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest二、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法1“A + be +形容詞比較級(jí) + than + B” 意思為“A比B更”。如：This tree is taller than that one. 這棵樹比那棵樹高。注意： 在含有連詞than的比較級(jí)中，前后的比較對(duì)象必須是同一范疇，即同類事物之間的比較。在比較級(jí)前面使用much，表示程度程度“強(qiáng)得多”。如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修飾原級(jí)，不能修飾比較級(jí)。2“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”或“more and more +原級(jí)”表示“越來越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天氣越來越?jīng)鏊he wind became more and more heavily.風(fēng)變得越來越大。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的學(xué)校變得越來越美麗。3在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選擇，前面的形容詞要用比較級(jí)形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 誰更高，Tim還是Tom?4. “the +比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí)”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spend.錢你賺得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better.越快越好。5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級(jí)用法：. A is times the size /height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three times the height of the old one. 這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高). A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍). A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我們學(xué)校比你們學(xué)校大兩倍。6.形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范圍的詞或短語。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我們班里是最高的。7.否定詞語+比較級(jí)，否定詞語+ so as結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)含義。Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8. 比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class7.修飾比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的詞1）可修飾比較級(jí)的詞.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。. 還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。. 以上詞(除by far)外，必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前面。注意： 使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。(錯(cuò)) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(對(duì)) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列詞可修飾最高級(jí)：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：a. very可修飾最高級(jí)，但位置與much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.b. 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。Africa is the second largest continent.8.要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。(錯(cuò)) He is more cleverer than his brother.(對(duì)) He is more clever than his brother.(對(duì)) He is cleverer than his brother.9.要避免將主語含在比較對(duì)象中。(錯(cuò)) China is larger that any country in Asia.(對(duì)) China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原則。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11.要注意冠詞的使用，后有名詞的時(shí)候，前面才有可能有名詞。比較：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.三.典型例題1） - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite goodD. quite better答案：B. any 可修飾比較級(jí)，quite修飾原級(jí)，well的比較級(jí)為better.2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much答案：C. much可修飾比較級(jí)，因此B，C都說得通，但easier本身已是比較級(jí)，不需more，因此C為正確答案。比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法1.兩者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原級(jí)+as”表示Tom is as tall as Mike.2.兩者相比（甲 乙），用“not as(so) +原級(jí)+as”或“l(fā)ess than”表示I didnt do my homework so(as) carefully as you.The picture is less attractive than that one.3.兩者相比（甲乙），用“比較級(jí)+than”表示Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.注意：1) 為了避免重復(fù)，在從句中常用one, that, those等詞來代替前面提過的名詞。The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.any of the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞2）如果形容詞作定語修飾一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，一般將不定冠詞a/an放在形容詞之后。Our neighbour has _ ours.A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house asD. house the same big as3）比較級(jí)前一般不用冠詞，但若表示“兩者中較時(shí)”。比較級(jí)前要加定冠詞。若比較級(jí)后有名詞，常在比較級(jí)前加不定冠詞，表示泛指。E.g. 他是兩者中較高的一個(gè) He is the taller of the two.她唱得真動(dòng)聽！我可從未聽過比這更好的嗓音了。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高級(jí)時(shí)，用“the +最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示，這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (t