從功能翻譯理論的視角看黃山旅游資料的英譯優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)論文 參考文獻(xiàn) 可復(fù)制黏貼.pdf

a functionalist probe into c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials by chen kun under the supervision of prof. fan dongsheng a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts to the school of foreign studies anhui university april 2009 i acknowledgements i would like to express my grateful thanks to those who helped me with the completion of the whole thesis. my special thanks go to my supervisor, prof. fan dongsheng, a respectable and responsible teacher, who has given me great encouragement and advice during my thesis writing. without his patient guidance and valuable suggestions, the thesis would not have been completed. i am also indebted to my classmates and friends. they have offered me a great number of reference books and articles and ceaseless supports. at last, i would pay sincere thanks to my parents, who have provided me with essential financial and mental supports. its their constant love and care that create a good environment for my studying and writing this thesis in particular. ii abstract in recent years, the deepening of chinas reform and opening-up, and the trend of economic globalization have stimulated a boom in chinas tourist industry. chinese-english (c-e) translation of tourist materials is of significant importance for it not only facilitates the promotion of chinese culture, but also is regarded as one of the principal means of enhancing intercultural communication. however, incommensurate with its importance, the quality of c-e translation of tourist materials is, to some degree, unsatisfactory, which often leads to failures in intercultural communication and distortive images of china. especially, in some large-sized scenic spots, english versions of chinese tourist materials are unsystematic and there is no sign as a united whole in the same spot. thus it is difficult for foreign tourists to have an integrated impression on these scenic spots. the same is true of c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials. as one of the most famous scenic spots in china, mount huangshan plays an important role in promoting chinese culture and developing the tourist industry. therefore, in this thesis, a tentative study of c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials based on the functionalist approach will be implemented, in order to find possible strategies for solving translation problems in the large-sized scenic spots. this thesis is composed of seven chapters. the first chapter is the introduction of the whole thesis including significance, scope, data collection, and structure of the study. chapter two and chapter three will first give a review of the development of the functionalist theory and the studies of it at home and abroad, and then introduce the main concepts and views in this theory. in chapter four, functionalist views on c-e translation of tourist materials will be presented in order to pave the way for the analysis of c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials. chapter five and chapter six play a crucial role in the thesis. by adopting the functionalist theory as the theoretical framework, problems in c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials will be analyzed and discussed, and then strategies for solving them be iii correspondingly put forward in terms of the skopos, intercultural understanding, and readers reception. chapter seven is the conclusion in which the author points out the limitations of the thesis and also gives some suggestions for the future researches. based on the functionalist theory, the author analyzes c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials and finds that the common problems mainly fall into three categories, namely, linguistic, cultural, and stylistic problems, which include some minor aspects: chinglish, unsuitable wording, flowery diction, cultural default, cultural dislocation, prominent use of simile and metaphor, wide employment of “four-character expressions”, and no translation of quoted chinese classics. to solve these problems, the author also proposes a number of possible strategies such as amplification, adaptation, deletion, explanation, and so on. it is hoped that the present study may help improve c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials as well as that of other large-sized scenic spots, eventually contributing to the promotion of cultural exchanges and development of chinas tourist industry. key words: the functionalist theory; the skopos; textual function; c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials iv 摘要摘要 近年來， 中國(guó)改革開放的進(jìn)一步深化以及經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢(shì)帶動(dòng)了中國(guó)旅游 業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展。中文旅游資料的英譯也隨之變得更為重要，因?yàn)樗粌H能夠推動(dòng) 中國(guó)文化的對(duì)外宣傳，同時(shí)也是促進(jìn)跨文化交流的主要手段之一。但是，從某種 程度上來說，許多中文旅游資料的英譯文質(zhì)量卻不能令人滿意，難以和其所起的 重要作用相匹配。尤其在一些大型景區(qū)里，中文旅游資料的英譯文孤立散亂，不 成體系，這就很難使外國(guó)游客對(duì)某景點(diǎn)形成一綜合的印象。正是這些低質(zhì)量的翻 譯，常常導(dǎo)致跨文化交際中的失誤，甚至影響中國(guó)的國(guó)家形象。黃山，作為國(guó)內(nèi) 著名的大型旅游景點(diǎn)之一，具有傳播文化和促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的重要作用，但是其 旅游資料的漢英翻譯也存在較多的問題。本文嘗試從功能翻譯理論的角度入手， 主要對(duì)黃山旅游資料英譯問題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究， 目的在于對(duì)我國(guó)大型景區(qū)整體翻譯 建設(shè)的策略提出改進(jìn)意見。 本文包括七章。第一章是整篇論文的總體介紹，包括研究的意義、范圍、資 料收集、研究方法以及論文的整體結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章和第三章對(duì)功能翻譯理論的發(fā)展 以及有關(guān)功能翻譯林論的海內(nèi)外研究作一檢視， 然后介紹該理論的一些主要概念 和觀點(diǎn)。在第四章，作者運(yùn)用功能翻譯理論對(duì)旅游資料進(jìn)行分析，主要為下文黃 山旅游資料的英譯研究做鋪墊。 第五章和第六章是本文的核心章節(jié)。 在這兩章中， 以功能翻譯理論為理論框架，對(duì)黃山旅游資料英譯中所存在的問題分析和討論， 并從翻譯目的、跨文化理解和讀者的可接受性三個(gè)方面提出解決問題的翻譯策 略。第七章是全文的總結(jié)，主要陳述本研究的局限性并對(duì)未來有關(guān)此課題的研究 提出建議。 本文中，筆者根據(jù)功能翻譯理論對(duì)黃山旅游資料的漢譯英進(jìn)行了歸納和分 析，發(fā)現(xiàn)其存在的翻譯問題主要分為三類：語言問題、文化問題和文體問題，包 括中式英語、用詞不當(dāng)、詞藻浮華、文化欠缺、文化錯(cuò)位、頻繁使用明喻、暗喻 修辭手法和四字格表達(dá)、中國(guó)古詩(shī)詞的翻譯缺失。為了解決這些翻譯問題，筆者 也提出了一些可能的翻譯策略，如增譯、改譯、刪譯、解釋等。 筆者希望本文能夠?qū)σ渣S山為代表的我國(guó)大型景區(qū)旅游資料整體翻譯的建 v 設(shè)有所幫助，從而有助于促進(jìn)各國(guó)間的文化交流和中國(guó)旅游事業(yè)的發(fā)展。 關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞：功能翻譯理論；目的；文本功能；黃山旅游資料的漢譯英 vi contents acknowledgements . i abstract (english version) . ii abstract (chinese version) . iv contents . vi chapter one introduction . 1 1.1 significance of the study . 1 1.2 scope of the study . 2 1.3 data collection and methodology . 3 1.3.1 data collection. 3 1.3.2 methodology . 3 1.4 structure of the study . 3 chapter two literature review . 5 2.1 a review of the functionalist approach to translation . 5 2.1.1 the development of the functionalist theory . 5 2.1.1.1 reiss and the functional category of translation criticism . 5 2.1.1.2 han j. vermeer and his skopostheorie . 6 2.1.1.3 justa holz-manttari and the theory of translational action . 7 2.1.1.4 nord and “function plus loyalty” . 7 2.1.1.5 newmark and his classifications of texts . 8 2.2 a review of researches on tourist materials translation . 9 2.2.1 researches abroad . 9 2.2.2 domestic researches . 12 2.2.2.1 with cultural perspective . 12 2.2.2.2 with the functionalist perspective . 13 2.2.2.3 with studies on translation practice . 14 2.3 summary . 15 chapter three theoretical framework of the thesis . 17 3.1 basic concepts of skopostheorie . 17 3.1.1 skopos, function, and translation brief . 17 3.1.1.1 skopos . 17 3.1.1.2 function . 18 3.1.1.3 translation brief . 19 3.1.2 intertextual and intratextual coherence . 20 vii 3.1.3 culture and culture-specificity . 21 3.1.4 adequacy and equivalence . 22 3.2 translation and the theory of action . 23 3.2.1 translation as intentional interaction . 23 3.2.2 translation as intercultural action . 24 3.2.3 translation as interpersonal interaction . 25 3.3 text type . 26 3.4 summary . 27 chapter four functionalist views on translation of tourist materials . 28 4.1 the skopos of translation of tourist materials . 28 4.2 the function of tourist materials . 29 4.3 the text type of tourist materials . 30 4.4 key roles of translation of tourist materials . 31 4.4.1 the source tourist text . 31 4.4.2 the commissioner of translation of tourist materials . 32 4.4.3 the translator of tourist materials . 33 4.5 translation brief of tourist materials . 33 4.6 summary . 35 chapter five a functionalist analysis of c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials . 36 5.1 the specificities of mount huangshan tourist materials . 36 5.2 problems in c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials . 37 5.2.1 linguistic translation problems . 37 5.2.1.1 chinglish . 37 5.2.1.2 unsuitable wording . 40 5.2.1.3 flowery diction . 42 5.2.2 cultural translation problems . 45 5.2.2.1 cultural default . 45 5.2.2.2 cultural dislocation . 48 5.2.3 stylistic translation problems . 51 5.2.3.1 prominent use of simile and metaphor . 51 5.2.3.2 wide employment of “four-character expressions” . 52 5.2.3.3 no translation of quoted chinese classics . 53 5.3 summary . 55 chapter six strategies proposed for c-e translation of huangshan tourist materials . 56 6.1 strategies for the skopos of translation. 56 6.1.1 amplification. 56 6.1.2 adaptation . 57 viii 6.1.3 deletion . 58 6.2 strategies for intercultural understanding . 59 6.2.1 explanation . 59 6.2.2 amplification with notes . 60 6.3 strategies for readers reception . 61 6.3.1 deletion . 61 6.3.2 adaptation . 62 6.3.3 explanation . 62 6.4 summary . 63 chapter seven conclusion . 64 7.1 summary . 64 7.2 limitations of the present study . 64 7.3 suggestions for future researches . 65 works cited . 66 publications . 70 chapter one introduction 1 chapter one introduction in this thesis, a study on c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials will be carried out based on the functionalist theory, with the aim of finding some possible translation strategies to help improve the quality of chinese-english (c-e) translation of tourist materials in large-sized scenic spots. first of all, an introduction to this study will provide a brief account of significance, scope, data collection and methodology, and structure of the study. 1.1 significance of the study with the deepening of reform and opening-up, the rich historic heritage sites and beautiful landscapes in china draw more and more foreign visitors. especially, in recent years, many foreigners have been interested in chinas history and culture, and eager to experience its charm. in 2007, according to the statistics made by national tourism administration of the peoples republic of china, china received about 132 million foreign tourists, an increase of 5.5% compared with the previous year. world tourism organization has predicted that “by 2020, china will be the most popular inbound tourist destination”. tourist materials, an effective means of introducing tourist attractions, play an important role in helping foreign tourists appreciate the beauty of chinese natural scenery and understand chinese ancient culture. therefore, chinese tourist materials need to be translated into english and other foreign languages as much as possible. however, the quality of the translation of tourist materials is, to some degree, unsatisfactory, which often leads to failures in intercultural communication and images of china. it is those problems in c-e translation of tourist materials such as inadequacies and diction errors that usually puzzle foreign tourists, and thereby drain off their interests and passions. even some potential foreign tourists have been discouraged from visiting the country due to the poor translation. hence it is a functionalist probe into c-e translation of mount huangshan tourist materials 2 imperative that some efforts be made to improve the quality of c-e translation of tourist materials. more should be noted that the quality of c-e translation of tourist materials in some large-sized scenic spots is especially beyond expectation. the most obvious problems are that