2019年高中英語Module6TheWorldsCulturalHeritageSectionⅢGrammar—虛擬語氣和狀語從句教案外研版.docx

Section Grammar 虛擬語氣和狀語從句語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.Mary speaks as if she were Chinese.Its high time that we should have/had a rest.As long as youve got a raincoat, youll be OK.Just stay where you are and dont move.Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.Whatever happens, youre going to have a marvelous time.The little child eats whatever we give him.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)以上句中，句謂語動(dòng)詞均使用了虛擬語氣。、從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。(2)句中黑體部分分別引導(dǎo)條件、地點(diǎn)、讓步狀語從句。(3)由句可知，as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，句子要采用倒裝語序。(4)句中黑體部分引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。一、虛擬語氣虛擬語氣用于賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句中，?？杀硎疽?、建議、命令、提議、意愿等，其虛擬語氣往往是由“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。1賓語從句中的虛擬語氣(1)一般用法在表示命令、建議、勸告、欲望、要求、主張這一類動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣，即should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。這類動(dòng)詞有suggest(建議), insist(堅(jiān)持要求), demand, request, desire, order, advise, propose, command, recommend等。She suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.她建議我們第二天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。The doctor insisted the patient (should) be sent to hospital immediately.醫(yī)生堅(jiān)決要求這個(gè)病人立刻被送往醫(yī)院。The boss requested that the secretary (should) type out the plan in five minutes.老板要求秘書在五分鐘內(nèi)把計(jì)劃打印出來。The worker recommended that the machine (should) be checked once a week.工人建議這臺(tái)機(jī)器應(yīng)該一周檢查一次。名師點(diǎn)津當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“堅(jiān)持說”之意時(shí)，suggest/insist后的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，應(yīng)使用陳述語氣。表示“堅(jiān)持”“命令”“建議”“要求”等的名詞后面接同位語從句、表語從句時(shí)，從句中謂語用should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。(2)wish后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞主要有三種形式：We wish we had studied more hard when at school.我們上學(xué)時(shí)能學(xué)習(xí)再努力一點(diǎn)就好了。I wish I were taller. 我的個(gè)子要是再高一點(diǎn)兒就好了。I wish I could fly. 我要是能飛就好了。I wish he would try again. 我希望他能再試一次。(3)would rather 后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，從句謂語主要有兩種形式：I would rather you came to see me tomorrow.我寧愿你明天來看我。I would rather you hadnt told me the fact. 我寧愿你沒有告訴我實(shí)情。即時(shí)演練1(1)用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空They wish that prices would decline (decline)He ordered that the students (should) wash (wash) the clothes every week by themselves.Id rather you didnt make (not, make) any comment on the issue for the time being.(陜西高考改編)My mom suggests that we(should) eat (eat) out for a change this weekend.(2)完成句子He insisted that I had read his letter. 他堅(jiān)持說我看過他的信。He insisted that I (should) see the film. 他堅(jiān)持要我看看那部電影。He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建議我們留下吃飯。What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他說的話表明他是一個(gè)騙子。2主語從句中的虛擬語氣(1)在It is/was suggested (requested, required, ordered, proposed, decided, etc.) that . 句型中，it是形式主語，從句常用虛擬語氣，謂語為“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。It is required that the students (should) wear school uniforms at school. 學(xué)校要求學(xué)生在學(xué)校必須穿校服。It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children.人們建議父母應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和孩子在一起。(2)It is/was important/necessary/natural/strange/a pity/no wonder . that sb. should do .It is a pity that he should fail to pass the driving test.真遺憾他竟然沒有通過駕駛測(cè)試。It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.我們有必要事先做好準(zhǔn)備。It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rules of school.重要的是學(xué)生都能了解校規(guī)。即時(shí)演練2(1)完成句子It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.要求任何人不要在此抽煙。It is important that enough money (should) be collected to fund the project.重要的是募集足夠的錢，為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目提供資金。Its suggested that we (should) take good care of the patient.有人建議我們應(yīng)該照顧好病人。(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換It is important for teenagers to learn skills. It is important that teenagers should learn skills. People required that the earth should be protected well.It is required that the earth should be protected well. 3表語從句中的虛擬語氣基本結(jié)構(gòu)：(表示建議、提議、命令、要求等的)名詞bethat主語(should)動(dòng)詞原形The doctors advice was that you (should) give up smoking. 醫(yī)生的建議是你應(yīng)該戒煙。4同位語從句中的虛擬語氣基本結(jié)構(gòu)：(表示建議、提議、命令、要求等的)名詞that主語(should)動(dòng)詞原形The young man followed his doctors advice that he (should) give up drinking.那個(gè)年輕人接受了醫(yī)生讓他戒酒的建議。名師點(diǎn)津表語從句和同位語從句中，表示請(qǐng)求、要求、命令、建議等的名詞有advice, desire, order, proposal, recommendation, request, plan, idea, requirement, suggestion, demand等。即時(shí)演練3(1)完成句子His order is that the problem (should) be solved at once (問題應(yīng)馬上解決)My suggestion is that we (should) hold a meeting tonight (今晚我們應(yīng)該開個(gè)會(huì))We followed his advice that we (should) ask our teacher for help (我們應(yīng)該請(qǐng)求老師幫忙)His demand is that we (should) do our work more carefully (我們做工作應(yīng)該更細(xì)心些)(2)單句改錯(cuò)His father gave an order that he keeps a diary in English every day.keepskeepI made a suggestion that he will put an advertisement in the local paper.willshould或去掉willOur desire is that the match will be put off. willshould或去掉will One of the requirements for a fire is that the material must be heated to its burning temperature.mustshould或去掉must5在as if/though 引導(dǎo)的從句中的虛擬語氣從句用過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑從句用過去完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)It seems as if it were spring.現(xiàn)在好像是春天似的。She appeared as if she had known nothing about it. 她看上去對(duì)此一無所知。6Its (high) time .句式中的虛擬語氣在It is (high) time .句式中，time后的從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或“should動(dòng)詞原形”。It is time we did/should do something for our country. 到了我們?cè)摓閲易鲂┦虑榈臅r(shí)候了。It is high time you cleaned/should clean the classroom.到了你該打掃教室的時(shí)候了。即時(shí)演練4用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空They talked about the city as though they had been (be) there before. John pretends as if he didnt know (not, know) the thing at all. Its high time that we got/should get (get) down to our work. That tree looks as if it wasnt watered (not, water) for a long time. Its time that people paid/should pay (pay) attention to the environment.(遼寧高考改編)Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he did/should do something instead of just talking.二、狀語從句狀語從句是在復(fù)合句中作狀語的從句，本單元主要講的是地點(diǎn)狀語從句、條件狀語從句和讓步狀語從句。1地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用where, wherever等引導(dǎo)。Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本是不可能的。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。名師點(diǎn)津where表示特指的某個(gè)地方；wherever表示泛指任何地方。即時(shí)演練5選詞填空(where, wherever)/句型轉(zhuǎn)換He must go wherever we send him.Make a mark where you have a question.(重慶高考改編)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.We must camp in the place, where we can get water. We must camp where we can get water.2條件狀語從句條件狀語從句可置于句首或句尾，常用if, unless, as/so long as, in case, on condition that等引導(dǎo)。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我們就去遠(yuǎn)足。I will not go to the party unless he goes there, too.除非他也去，否則，我也不會(huì)去參加聚會(huì)的。You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard. 只要不出后院，你就可以出去玩。In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know.如果你需要什么東西，請(qǐng)告訴我，別客氣。即時(shí)演練6連詞填空You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far away from the river bank. You may borrow the book so/as long as you keep it clean. (湖南高考改編)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 3讓步狀語從句常見引導(dǎo)詞有though, while(一般位于句首)，although, even if/even though, as, no matter疑問詞等。My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though hes in his nineties.(2016北京高考)我爺爺盡管已經(jīng)九十多歲了，仍然不時(shí)地打打網(wǎng)球。Although birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.(2017北京高考)雖然鳥類用羽毛飛行，但是它們的一些羽毛也有其他用途。No matter how (However) difficult it is, I will overcome it.無論它多么難，我都會(huì)克服它。名師點(diǎn)津(1)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句需倒裝，將表語、狀語或部分謂語提前；表語是名詞時(shí)，其前不帶冠詞；though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可倒裝，也可不倒裝。(2)no matter疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；疑問詞ever既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。即時(shí)演練7(1)連詞填空However/No matter how pure the water looks, I do not want to drink it.Whether you believe it or not, its true.Although/Though he was exhausted, he kept on working.Object as/though you may, Ill go.We wont be discouraged even if/though we fail ten times.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Though she is a pop star, she still needs to improve.Pop star as/though she is, she still needs to improve.Whatever you say, Ill never change my mind. No matter what you say, Ill never change my mind.No matter who you are, you must keep the law.Whoever you are, you must keep the law. .單句語法填空1They made an requirement that we (should) accompany (accompany) them on the trip.2George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he focused (focus) more on its culture.3Its important that he (should) ask (ask) advice of other people about his work.4One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full ones schedule is in life.5Although/Though life is full of ups and downs, where there is life, there is hope.6A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.7Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.8Unless we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.9You can borrow my car as/so long as you promise not to drive too fast.10It is high time we studied/should study (study) harder.完成句子1Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都會(huì)想到你。2Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.如果你不太累，我們出去散散步。3Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.雖然是個(gè)小孩，該做什么不做什么，他全知道。4Whether you believe it or not, it is really true.信不信由你，這確實(shí)是真的。5Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管發(fā)生什么，他不在意。6The meeting will be put off in case it