2018高三英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)專題4.2Workingtheland句型語法含解析.docx

專題4.2 Working the land【學(xué)以致用】三、重點句型剖析1. if so狀語從句的省略形式【教材原句】If so, what did you do to grow them?【方法規(guī)律】if so意為“如果這樣的話”，是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略形式，表示肯定意義，如例；如果表示否定意義，則用if not，如例。Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If so, write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.你贊同我推遲我們?nèi)ピ颇系穆眯袉?？如果贊同，請盡快寫信告訴我。I might see you tomorrow. If not, then itll be Saturday.我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。【歸納拓展】if構(gòu)成的其他形式的省略：if ever 如果有過/發(fā)生過的話if any 如果有的話if possible 如果可能的話if necessary 如果有必要The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if ever, reaching 30 in summer.這里的氣候非常宜人，氣溫即使在夏天也很少達到30度。即學(xué)即練用if的省略形式完成下列句子。(1)Is everybody feeling cold？_, let us open the windows. 大家感到冷嗎？如果不，我們把窗戶打開吧。(2)Will you be free this Sunday？_, lets go camping. 這個周日你有空嗎？如果有，我們?nèi)ヒ盃I吧。(3)_, Ill come at nine tomorrow. 如果有必要的話，我明天會在九點來。【答案】 (3)If necessary 2. would rather do . 寧愿做【教材原句】He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.【方法規(guī)律】句子would rather (not) do sth.“寧愿（不）做”，與之相關(guān)的其他句型還有：would rather do sth. than do sth.=would do sth. rather than do sth.=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿做而不愿做would rather+從句（過去時），表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硖摂M；would rather+從句（過去完成時），表示過去虛擬，would rather have done，表示本來想做而未實現(xiàn)。Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay in the library than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefer to stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.簡是一個文靜的女孩，她寧愿待在圖書館也不愿去看電影。We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.我們寧愿女兒和我們一起待在家里，但是這是她的選擇，她已不再是小孩了。即學(xué)即練(1)I _ swimming today.A. would rather not go B. would not rather goC. would rather not to go D. would not rather to go(2)Id rather _ the basketball match last night. Otherwise, I would have finished my paperwork by now.A.not have watched B. not watch C. hadnt watch D. havent watch【答案】(2) A would rather not have done意為“本不想做(實際卻做了)”。后一句句意：否則我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成了我的文件，所以前句表示“本不想看球賽卻看了”，故選A項。3. 序數(shù)詞后面用不定式作定語【教材原句】In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.【方法規(guī)律】不定式放在表示次序的詞the first，the last以及the best，the only，the very，the right等詞后面，且這些詞與動詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)為：the first/last/best/only/very/right.+n.+ to do sth表示“第一個/最后一個/最好的一個/唯一的/恰好的/合適的做某事的人/物?！比纾?1)He is the first to finish the homework.他第一個完成作業(yè)。(2)New Zealand is the first in modern times to allow women to vote.新西蘭成為現(xiàn)代史上第一個允許婦女有選舉權(quán)的國家。【即學(xué)即練】He is the last person _ to Marys birthday party.A. to inviteB. to be invitedC. invitedD. being invited【答案】B 考查不定式作定語的用法。當(dāng)名詞前面有序數(shù)詞或last，next等詞修飾時，名詞后面多用不定式作定語。四、重點語法突破動詞-ing形式作主語和賓語動詞-ing形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語和定語，本單元重點學(xué)習(xí)動詞-ing形式在句中作主語和賓語的一些基本用法。1. 作主語動詞-ing形式作主語時，句子有兩種形式：(1)動詞-ing形式直接置于句首主語的位置上。如：Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬不能做的。Learning new words is very important for me. 學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重要。(2)用形式主語it，把真正的主語動詞-ing形式移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞。如：useful，useless，good，fun，no use，worth。如：It is useless trying to argue with him. 和他爭辯是沒有什么用的。It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的事?！練w納拓展】常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：It+be+a waste of time doing. 做是浪費時間的。It is/was worth/worthwhile doing. 做是值得的。There is no sense in doing. 做沒有道理。There is/was no point doing. 做無意義。2. 作賓語(1)動詞-ing形式作賓語有兩種情況：一是有些動詞后只能接動詞-ing形式作賓語；二是有些動詞后既可接動詞-ing形式，也可接不定式形式作賓語。只能接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞，常見的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，risk，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practice，cannot stand，put off，give up等。如：Have you considered looking for one special friend? 你是否考慮過找一位摯友?Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?既可接動詞-ing形式又可接不定式形式作賓語的動詞（短語），常見的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，try，mean，forget，remember，hate等。a. 在動詞forget，remember，regret之后，用動詞-ing形式與不定式形式意義不同。動詞-ing形式表示動作先于謂語發(fā)生，不定式形式表示后于謂語動作。如：I remember posting the letter. 我記得我已把信寄了。Ill remember to post the letter. 我會記著去寄信的。I regret missing the report. 我真后悔沒趕上那次報告會。I regret to say I cant take your advice. 我遺憾地告訴你，我不能接受你的建議。b. 在try，mean之后，意義各不相同。如：try to do (設(shè)法)，try doing (試著)；mean to do (打算、有意要做)，mean doing (意味著)。如：I didnt mean to make you angry. 我并不想讓你生氣。Your plan would mean spending hours. 你的計劃意味著要花費幾個小時。c. go on doing 和go on to dogo on doing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；go on to do接著做另外一件事。如：Please go on doing the same exercise. 請接著做這同一個練習(xí)。Please go on to do the other exercise. 請做另外一個練習(xí)。(2)作介詞賓語動詞-ing形式可與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語介詞+動詞-ing形式I apologize for being so angry with you. 我向你道歉，剛才對你那樣生氣。動詞+介詞+動詞-ing形式I insist on taking proper food for this expedition. 我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。【名師指津】下列短語中的to都是介詞，所以后面跟名詞或動詞-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to，look forward to，stick to，be used to等。即學(xué)即練(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It is a waste of time _ (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games.It is worthwhile _ (read) such a wonderful novel.Its no use