2018屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第四部分寫作專項(xiàng)演練課時(shí)29圖表類作文2.docx

課時(shí)29圖表類作文(2)【圖表類作文】1.命題特點(diǎn)(1)體裁上多以議論文和說明文為主。(2)根據(jù)圖表呈現(xiàn)方式的不同，可分為柱狀圖、曲線圖、數(shù)字表格和餅狀圖四類。柱狀圖多要求學(xué)生通過柱狀圖中的數(shù)據(jù)和提示內(nèi)容寫一篇短文，屬于比較、對照類。也可根據(jù)提示寫成議論文；曲線圖常用來表示事物的變化發(fā)展趨勢。其特點(diǎn)是信息集中，一目了然；數(shù)字表格是以表格形式，將統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)或被說明的事物直接用表格形式體現(xiàn)出來，即統(tǒng)計(jì)表；餅狀圖則是以圓內(nèi)扇形的大小表示總體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。2解題關(guān)鍵(1)認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系。例如：柱狀圖用來表示各種事物的變化情況及相互關(guān)系，要求考生通過寬度相等的柱形的高度或長度差別來判斷事物的動態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢，因此考生應(yīng)密切關(guān)注坐標(biāo)線上的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明與文字。餅狀圖表示各事物在總體上所占的比例及相互關(guān)系，旨在要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解并闡述一個(gè)被分割成大小不等切片的餅狀圖所傳達(dá)的信息。對此考生應(yīng)清楚掌握部分與整體、部分與部分之間的相互關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系通常以百分比的數(shù)字形式給出。(2)篩選數(shù)據(jù)，構(gòu)思基本框架。從圖表中篩選能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù)，其內(nèi)容不必全部描述，突出重點(diǎn)，并抓住圖表的極端點(diǎn)。例如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好或最差。要善于抓住總的規(guī)律、趨勢，歸納增減率。(3)編列文章的提綱。根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展成段落，然后將各個(gè)段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡。在時(shí)態(tài)的選擇上要注意，特定時(shí)間用過去時(shí)，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的情況或自己的評述用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3常用句式(1)開門見山，點(diǎn)明主題的常用句式：Last week, we made/did/carried out a survey on.上周我們進(jìn)行了關(guān)于的調(diào)查。As is shown in the chart. has been on the increase/decrease.如圖表所示，一直在上升/下降。It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline.從曲線圖可以得出結(jié)論，已經(jīng)大幅度下降。(2)呈現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)，分析原因的常用句式：It is obvious from the graph/chart that. ranks the first/highest, while.turns out to be the lowest.圖中清楚顯示排在第一位/最高，而結(jié)果最低。A, which accounts for.%，ranks the first; next in line is B with.%, followed by C, making up.%; D，at.%.A排在第一，占%，緊接著是B，占%，然后是C，占%，最后是D，占%。There are two reasons that account for this phenomenon.有兩個(gè)原因可以解釋這種現(xiàn)象。A number of factors could account for/contribute to/lead to/result in.許多因素可以說明/導(dǎo)致/引起。(3)歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表評論的常用句式：In a word/In brief/All in all/To sum up/In conclusion.is far more important than.總之，遠(yuǎn)比重要。Personally/In my opinion/As far as Im concerned/From my point of view.依我之見We can draw the conclusion that.我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論【典題演練】(2016上海)Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假設(shè)你是中華中學(xué)學(xué)生姚平，最近參加了一項(xiàng)研究性學(xué)習(xí)調(diào)研，課題為“父母是否以子女為榮”。通過調(diào)研你校學(xué)生及其父母，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)雙方對此問題的看法有差異(數(shù)據(jù)如圖所示)。根據(jù)圖表寫一份報(bào)告，在報(bào)告中，你必須：(1)描述調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)；(2)分析可能導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的原因。_【能力提升演練】1.假設(shè)你是李明，你在報(bào)紙上看到一個(gè)廣告，很感興趣，但有些具體細(xì)節(jié)不清楚。請你根據(jù)下面電子郵箱地址發(fā)封郵件，詢問有關(guān)情況。WantedYoung person to help with two childrenHelp with languages very welcomeMust have experienceAccommodation available if necessaryEmail: Cook hotmail. com(1) Hours?(2) Which languages? How many?(3) Experience of teaching or caring for children?(4) How about meals?注意：(1)詞數(shù)100左右；(2)開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。Dear Sir/Madam，_Im looking forward to your reply and hope to be offered this job.Yours truly，Li Ming2高中生考入大學(xué)后，是否要立即為其配備筆記本電腦呢？對此，有人贊同，有人反對。請你根據(jù)下列表格的內(nèi)容寫一篇英語短文，并發(fā)表你的看法。支持者反對者1.是對子女奮發(fā)努力取得好成績的肯定和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)2方便今后的學(xué)習(xí)，隨時(shí)隨地地可以上網(wǎng)查閱資料1.給有些家庭增加了經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)2大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)條件比較優(yōu)越，有足夠的計(jì)算機(jī)房供學(xué)生使用你的看法(至少兩點(diǎn))注意：(1) 對所給要點(diǎn)逐一陳述并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。2詞數(shù)100左右，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Is it necessary for freshmen to have a laptop when they go to university? Different people have different ideas. _3在學(xué)習(xí)、生活和工作中，學(xué)會與人合作是非常重要的。請你根據(jù)下表中提供的信息，寫一篇題為“Being a Good Partner”的英文演講稿。為何合作有利于互相學(xué)習(xí)，增進(jìn)友誼，節(jié)省時(shí)間與精力與誰合作與喜歡的人合作心情愉快， 同甘共苦與不喜歡的人合作學(xué)會容忍，發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)點(diǎn)怎樣合作你的觀點(diǎn) (至少2個(gè))注意：(1)對所給要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。(2)詞數(shù)100左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 (3)參考詞匯：合作cooperation(n.)cooperate(v.)Good afternoon, everyone! The topic of my speech today is “being a good partner”_4請閱讀下面文字及圖表，并按照要求用英語寫一篇 150 詞左右的文章。寫作內(nèi)容：(1)用約 30 個(gè)單詞概述上述信息的主要內(nèi)容；(2)結(jié)合上述信息，簡要分析導(dǎo)致交通問題的主要原因；(3)根據(jù)你的分析，從社會規(guī)范(rules and regulations)和個(gè)人行為兩方面談?wù)勀愕玫降膯⑹?不少于兩點(diǎn))。寫作要求：(1)寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；(2)作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；(3)不必寫標(biāo)題。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。_5假如你是你校廣播站的播音員，請根據(jù)下面表格的提示，擬一份英語廣播稿，通知全校師生。有關(guān)事宜如何利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)的講座主講人廣西大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)系李夢教授時(shí)間1月10日，星期三，下午4：30地點(diǎn)本校圖書館302室參加者電腦愛好者說明講座結(jié)束，參加者可向李教授提出問題組織者校學(xué)生會注意：(1)廣播應(yīng)符合英語口語的習(xí)慣。(2)內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括所給提示的全部要點(diǎn)。(3)詞數(shù)100左右。Dear teachers and schoolmates，_課時(shí)29圖表類作文(2)【典題演練】A survey conducted recently indicates that the parents who are proud of their children are twenty percent more than the children who consider themselves as prides of their parents.There exist two reasons，which may account for this subtle difference.First，conservative Chinese parents are never accustomed to conveying directly how much they are proud of their kids.This tendency to conceal feeling hardly helps children develop a strong sense of selfconfidence.Second，the current educational system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance，thus forcing children to excessively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud.This bias unfairly undermines the significance of talents for art and sports，which easily frustrates children and renders them more likely to underestimate themselves.Without the genuine encouragement from parents and the reversal of examoriented educational methods，a kid would never end up with a positive grownup.解析本文屬于圖表作文。要求考生以姚平的身份寫一則報(bào)告，通報(bào)“父母是否以子女為榮”的調(diào)研報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。文章使用第三人稱和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主的時(shí)態(tài)。要點(diǎn)：1.最后參加了一項(xiàng)研究性學(xué)習(xí)調(diào)研，課題為“父母是否以子女為榮”。通過調(diào)研你校學(xué)生及其父母，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)雙方對此問題的看法有差異。2.百分之八十的父母親以孩子為榮；而百分之六十的孩子認(rèn)為父母以我為榮。3.分析原因：父母親把全部的精力都傾注在孩子身上，孩子的成功也證明自己的教育方法是正確的；面現(xiàn)在的孩子因?yàn)槟挲g較小，并沒有很強(qiáng)的責(zé)任感，他們并沒有感受到自己承擔(dān)的義務(wù)和責(zé)任。建議在寫作的時(shí)候添加適當(dāng)?shù)闹V語，如Every coin has two sides提升文采，增加獲得高分的可能性；穿插使用多種句式，讓文章富有變化。同時(shí)要使用兩到三個(gè)復(fù)合句，并適當(dāng)使用串聯(lián)詞?！灸芰μ嵘菥殹?Dear_Sir/Madam，Im writing to find out more information about the job you offered in the ad. First, would you please tell me how many hours should be spent with the children every day? Second, how many languages and what languages are required to use in the job? I majored in English and French was my second foreign language when I was in college. So I can teach English and French. In your ad you mentioned experience. Do you mean the experience of teaching or of caring for children? Besides, how about meals if accommodation is available?Im_looking_forward_to_your_reply_and_hope_to_be_offered_this_job.Yours_truly，Li_Ming解析考查應(yīng)用文寫作。本文對考生的要求很高，首先要讀懂原廣告的相關(guān)信息：招聘能夠照兩個(gè)孩子的年輕人，一定要有相應(yīng)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，如果能夠教孩子語言更好，如果必要可以提供食宿。感興趣可以聯(lián)系Cook hotmail. com；考生首先要介紹自身情況，然后再提出以下疑問：1.工作時(shí)間？2.具體教何種語言？3.工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)是指教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)還是照顧孩子的經(jīng)驗(yàn)？4.用餐情況怎么樣？在寫作時(shí)不要遺漏要點(diǎn)，同時(shí)合理布局。2 Is_it_necessary_for_freshmen_to_have_a_laptop_when_they_go_to_university?_Different_people_have_different_ideas.The supporters think that students deserve a laptop as an award for their great efforts and achievements. In addition, having a laptop in hand will bring more convenience to their studies and easier access to the Internet, which will in turn absolutely benefit them. The opponents believe it would add to the financial burden of some families. Besides, many universities are equipped with modern facilities, providing students with adequate computers for use. As far as I am concerned, it is not necessary to buy a laptop for freshmen. The reason for this is that they can have free access to the computers in universities. Furthermore, they may be addicted to computer games because of lack of selfcontrol, which will have a bad effect on their studies and health. 解析高中生考入大學(xué)后，是否要立即為其配備筆記本電腦呢？對此，有人贊同，有人反對。請你根據(jù)下列表格的內(nèi)容寫一篇英語短文，并發(fā)表你的看法。支持者：1.是對子女奮發(fā)努力取得好成績的肯定和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；2.方便今后的學(xué)習(xí)，隨時(shí)隨地地可以上網(wǎng)查閱資料。反對者：1.給有些家庭增加了經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)；2.大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)條件比較優(yōu)越，有足夠的計(jì)算機(jī)房供學(xué)生使用。你的看法(至少兩點(diǎn))。寫作時(shí)不要逐句翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫同時(shí)要把所提示的點(diǎn)寫全，語句通順，同時(shí)要注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意適當(dāng)使用并列連詞，同時(shí)也要合理運(yùn)用高級詞匯和高級句子為文章增色添彩。注意：1.對所給要點(diǎn)逐一陳述并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。2.詞數(shù)100左右，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。3Good_afternoon,_everyone!The_topic_of_my_speech_today_is_“being_a_good_partner”. Cooperation is a good way for us to learn from each other as well as to improve our friendship. Successful cooperation can save us a lot of time and energy.We will be lucky enough to find someone we like to cooperate with, which will make us feel very happy and long to continue the cooperation. However, it can be difficult to team up with someone we dislike. In this case, wed learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.How can we become a good partner? As for me, first of all, we should try to listen to others opinions. If he makes mistakes, wed better try to point them out in a polite way. Besides, never force our own ideas on others.Wish my views would be helpful. Thank you for your listening!解析本文要點(diǎn)均已列出?？忌紤]篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。本文主要分成三段，第一段敘述與人合作的重要性。第二段分別敘述與不同的人合作有不同的好處。第三段敘述應(yīng)該如何合作。要點(diǎn)：1.在學(xué)習(xí)、生活和工作中，學(xué)會與人合作是非常重要的。有利于互相學(xué)習(xí)，增進(jìn)友誼，節(jié)省時(shí)間與精力。2.與喜歡的人合作，心情愉快，同甘共苦。與不喜歡的人合作，學(xué)會容忍，發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。3.與人合作要講究誠信，多傾聽。4The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack.It not only affects our everyday life，but may also threaten peoples lives.The three selections presented above are typical examples.Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem.In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement，because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.Whats worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.Without them，people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos.But rules alone dont secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.It is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.解析本文為圖表類作文?？煞秩蝸韺?。材料分為三部分：第一部分講述了一位老奶奶阻止車輛停放引發(fā)的爭議。第二部分講述了行人和自行車不遵守紅綠燈，導(dǎo)致交通事故發(fā)生的現(xiàn)象。第三部分是圖表和文字，反映近幾年車輛數(shù)量激增現(xiàn)象。