猶太人歷史及二戰(zhàn)期間的苦難.ppt

張鵬飛 101280030 海外教育學(xué)院,History of Jews and suffering of Jews during WW (Auschwitz),1. History of Jews,Definition of Jews: 1. Depending on mother 2. Depending on father 3. All right Population (2007): 13.2 million 5.4million in Israel 5.3million in America,Sketch of history,Abraham Canaan: with sugar and honey “Hebrew“ IsaacIsaac Jacob Egypt: Citizens to slaves,Moses: back to Cannan Ten Commandments Israel, King Solomon Israel (Assyria)and Judah(Babylon) Babylonian exile Second Temple Greece and Rome Anti-Rome, Masada，mass suicide，73 AD Around the world,2. Sufferings during WW,Auschwitz, south of Poland Anti-Semitism 反猶狂潮 Anti-Judaism 反猶太教,Can be dated back to the 18th century From the 11th century, the Jews immigrated into Poland. Peak time: 14th -17th century During the time: the government allow Jews to settle down and make business many Jews flooded into Poland Poland is a newcomer who holds anti-Judaism. Since 18th century, it has never stopped.,Nazi extermination camps in occupied Poland (marked with black and white skulls),3. Auschwitz Concentration Campus,Relative nouns: Extermination Campus 滅絕營(yíng) Concentration Campus 集中營(yíng) The Holocaust 特指二戰(zhàn)對(duì)猶太人的屠殺 Crematoria 火葬場(chǎng) The gallows 絞刑架 The guillotines 斷頭臺(tái) The electric chairs 電椅 Gas chambers 毒氣室 SS（Schutzstaffel） 黨衛(wèi)軍,Symbolic concrete blocks mark the path of the former railway line at Treblinka,Belzec extermination camp memorial,SS insignia,4. German Nazi,His most important claims: 種族優(yōu)越論 希特勒在其著作我的奮斗一書中曾提到雅利安人，亦為現(xiàn)代的日耳曼人，是繼承神志之民族，地球上最優(yōu)秀的人種。,3 Phases: April, 1933 to November, 1938 “social death”: no political rights economic plight culture ghetto,November, 1938 to October, 1941 “spiritual death”： obligatory labor， Yellow six-star badges no “German Jews” but only “Jews in Germany” no social rights, no freedom, impoverished, aged, large number of death and live in the small “Ghetto”,October, 1941 to May, 1945 “physical death”,Women in Birkenau,Final Data,The percentage of victims: Poland: 90% (300 million) Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Lithuania, Bohemia, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Latvia: 70% Belgium, Romania, Luxembourg, Norway, Estonia: 50% the Soviet Union: 33% France, Italy: 25%,Anti-Jud