2020版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提能練39Pygmalion（含解析）新人教版.docx

課時(shí)提能練(三十九).閱讀理解(2019武漢調(diào)研)Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death，according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned dogs were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs.In addition，the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especially prominent as a protective factor in people living alone，who are a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multiperson household，” Mwenya Mubanga，a Ph.D.student at Uppsala University in Uppsala，Sweden，and the lead junior author of the study，said in a statement announcing its findings.The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率) was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners，but still present, according to the study.“Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single household，”Mubanga added.“Another interesting finding was that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study，which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog，suggested that one of the reasons why dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease was that dog owners walked more.“These kinds of epidemiological(流行病學(xué)的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers to whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease，”Tove Fall，a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University，said in a statement.“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity，which could be one explanation for the observed results.”Fall added.“Other explanations include increased wellbeing and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.”Fall added that because all participants of the study were Swedish，the results most closely apply to dog owners in Sweden or other“European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership”【語篇解讀】本文是生活類說明文。作者首先介紹了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病及死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，接下來分析了可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的原因。1Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million peoples health and the dogs?ATo help Europeans.BTo find their association.CTo protect unhealthy adults.DTo reduce the risk of heart disease.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段提出了一項(xiàng)研究成果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病和死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第二段講的是科學(xué)家們在十二年間研究了三百四十萬人，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)狗的獨(dú)居成年人比不養(yǎng)狗的獨(dú)居成年人的死亡率要低33%，也就是說，做這項(xiàng)研究是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者之間的關(guān)系，所以選B。2What does the underlined word“prominent”probably mean in Para.3?AUniversal. BConfusing.CAppealing.DImportant.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)語境可知，獨(dú)居的人跟那些生活在多人口家庭里的人相比，他們患心臟病以及死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。所以，作為一種保護(hù)因素，養(yǎng)狗對獨(dú)居的人來說尤其“重要”，故選D項(xiàng)。3Whats the main idea of the text?AAdults living with dogs are less likely to die.BSwedish people are very fond of pets.CKeeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.DOwning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.D主旨大意題。文章第一段就提出了研究結(jié)果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病及死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，之后分析了可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的原因，故選D項(xiàng)。4Whats the writers attitude towards owning a dog?APositive. BNegative.CObjective.DContradictory.C作者態(tài)度題。作者在介紹了研究結(jié)果之后，接著用研究報(bào)告及研究人員的言論分析了可能導(dǎo)致這種結(jié)果的原因，其中并沒有表明作者自己的態(tài)度，只是在用事實(shí)說話，不帶有個(gè)人意見，因此是客觀的，所以選C。.語法填空(2019石家莊質(zhì)量檢測)When it comes to eating habits，China is a country we must mention.Unlike in the West，1._ everyone has their own plate of food，in China the dishes 2._(place) on the table and everybody shares.If youre being treated by a Chinese host，be prepared for a ton of food.During eating，the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests 3._(show)his or her politeness.The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is.If you dont like it，you can just say a polite“thank you”，with the food 4._ (leave)there.But dont stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl.If so，its very impolite 5._ the host and seniors who are present at the table.At dinner，if half of the fish is eaten up，a guest shouldnt turn the fish over by saying“fan”，which is 6._ Chinese word for“turn over”，which is considered bad luck for 7._(fisherman)and their boats.The 8._ (separate)of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess.This is especially true in southern China.These tips above will be 9._(extreme)useful when you visit China，an 10._(east)country with a long history.【語篇解讀】就餐禮儀因文化不同而不同。本文主要介紹了中國的餐桌文化。1where考查定語從句?？仗幨顷P(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the West，同時(shí)在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。2are placed考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子講述的是客觀情況，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語the dishes與動(dòng)詞place之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3to show考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主人上菜給客人，附帶有公筷，這是為了表示對客人的禮貌?？仗幾髂康臓钫Z，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。4left考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作賓語the food的補(bǔ)足語，并且the food與leave之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。5to考查介詞。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短語，意思是“對某人禮貌/不