高考英語二輪模塊專題復(fù)習(xí)課件閱讀填空新課標(biāo)湖南省.ppt

目 錄,專題訓(xùn)練 閱讀填空,模塊 5 閱讀填空,模塊 5 閱讀填空,模塊 5 考綱解讀,此題要求考生在讀完一篇短文后，根據(jù)文中相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，填寫表格。要求考生歸納概括文中的要點(diǎn)，并根據(jù)一定的線索把相關(guān)的內(nèi)容以表格的形式有序地表達(dá)出來。閱讀填空屬于綜合能力考查題，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀表述，主要考查考生綜合運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力。既考查考生快速獲取信息的能力，也考查考生組織信息、表達(dá)信息的能力。具體地說，其能力測(cè)試要求為：,模塊 5 考綱解讀,1對(duì)所提供文章中關(guān)鍵信息的正確判斷和采集。 2適當(dāng)?shù)木湫娃D(zhuǎn)換。 3正確地使用英語解釋英語。 4原文細(xì)節(jié)信息的正確理解。 5主旨大意的歸納。,模塊 5 命題分析,通過對(duì)2006年、2007年、2008年、2009年和2010年湖南省的五篇閱讀填空題的分析，從中可得到如下特點(diǎn)： 1.題型特點(diǎn)的變化,模塊 5 命題分析,模塊 5 命題分析,2.表格特征 (1)表格形式特點(diǎn)：試題通常根據(jù)文章單層面的特點(diǎn)或多層面的縱橫信息比較設(shè)計(jì)表格。表格形式有兩種，即：框架式表格和縱橫式表格，還有一種情況就是不設(shè)表格，而采用摘錄式。表格設(shè)計(jì)具有清晰明了和概括性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，即從表格可預(yù)測(cè)文章內(nèi)容和基本的寫作框架。 (2)表中表達(dá)方式多樣化：表中的語言表達(dá)簡潔、清楚，其表達(dá)方式主要有單詞和詞組兩種，單詞以名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞居多，詞組以名詞性詞組、非謂語形式的動(dòng)詞詞組居多，偶有句子出現(xiàn)。,模塊 5 命題分析,3語篇特點(diǎn) (1)體裁方面：以說明文為主，從2005年高考到2010年湖南高考閱讀填空試題的閱讀材料均為說明文。 (2)題材方面：題材多為中學(xué)生熟悉、感興趣且符合中學(xué)生認(rèn)知特征和評(píng)判取向的日常話題。常見的話題有：科普知識(shí)、時(shí)文報(bào)道、史地常識(shí)、說理議論、人物介紹、社會(huì)文化和環(huán)境保護(hù)等。例如，2006年的閱讀填空材料介紹課后活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)，2007年介紹交換生家庭寄宿的作用，2008年介紹綠色屋頂?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)，2009年介紹生態(tài)時(shí)裝的概念，2010年介紹學(xué)徒的定義、優(yōu)點(diǎn)與不足。,模塊 5 命題分析,(3)結(jié)構(gòu)方面：文章結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，脈絡(luò)清晰，具有較明確的信息度，文章事實(shí)線條較明顯，便于歸納總結(jié)，利于培養(yǎng)中學(xué)生的演繹和概括能力。,模塊 5 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛,一、閱讀填空題的答題原則 在閱讀填空題的答題過程中，需注意五個(gè)原則： 1簡潔性原則：要壓縮整合信息，盡量用最少的詞來表達(dá)最重要的最關(guān)鍵的信息，保證每空不得超過3個(gè)單詞。 2語法形式一致性原則：可以參照前后左右所給出的其他信息表達(dá)形式從而確定需要表達(dá)的形式。但要注意橫縱欄目內(nèi)的表達(dá)形式在語法上要一致，例如，要么都是形容詞短語，要么都是名詞短語，要么都是動(dòng)詞的ing形式等。,模塊 5 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛,3概括針對(duì)性原則：概括詞在最大限度上覆蓋行和列的信息。 4信息一致性原則：橫縱欄目內(nèi)的表達(dá)信息要一致。 5忠于原文原則：答案不唯一，但要忠于原文，即如果能夠在原文中找到相關(guān)信息表達(dá)要點(diǎn)，那么就不宜采用其他同義或近義詞來表達(dá)該信息詞。,模塊 5 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛,二、閱讀填空題解題步驟 1分析表格結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)確定位填空要求，預(yù)測(cè)文章的框架及大意。 考生首先可以通過分析表格或框架結(jié)構(gòu)及其內(nèi)容可以預(yù)測(cè)文章的布局謀篇及大意。根據(jù)以上分析，再讀文章，可使閱讀時(shí)有的放矢，提高閱讀效率。 2快速瀏覽，抓住全文中心及每段大意，正確獲取信息。 帶著第一步的預(yù)測(cè)快速瀏覽全文，把握全文中心及每段大意，并注意從各段畫出解題需要的有效信息，為下一步答題打下基礎(chǔ)。,模塊 5 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛,快速尋找有效信息句的方法主要有：一是根據(jù)試題在表格中的順序確定有效信息句在文章中的大致位置；二是善于抓住圖表各欄目中所給出的關(guān)鍵詞，有針對(duì)性地帶著這些關(guān)鍵詞的提示到文中相應(yīng)段落尋找有效信息句。 3認(rèn)真分析表格，借助已有信息，有的放矢答題。 該步驟是答好閱讀填空題的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)表格結(jié)構(gòu)，借助第二步獲得的有效信息，按照要求答題。,模塊 5 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛,4復(fù)查。 復(fù)查對(duì)提高答題準(zhǔn)確率很重要，考生千萬不要遺漏這一步。復(fù)查的主要依據(jù)是看所填答案是否符合答題的五個(gè)原則，其中重點(diǎn)要復(fù)查：是否超過3個(gè)單詞？表達(dá)形式在語法上是否與同橫縱欄目一致？橫縱欄目內(nèi)的表達(dá)信息是否一致？單詞有無拼寫錯(cuò)誤？尤其名詞單復(fù)數(shù)與動(dòng)詞形式錯(cuò)誤。,模塊 5 題型探究, 探究點(diǎn)一 直接信息題,一、了解直接信息題的特點(diǎn)是答題的需要。 所謂直接信息題，即能直接從文章中找到答題信息句，且能直接套用文中信息句中的某個(gè)原詞或詞組而不需改變其詞性，甚至不需改變其詞形。例如： 根據(jù)信息句“What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyones ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution.”判斷填空：“Keep an open mind to _”,模塊 5 題型探究,根據(jù)信息句中的“everyones ideas deserve consideration”可判斷該空應(yīng)填寫“everyones ideas”，即為文中原詞，既沒有改變?cè)~的詞性，也沒有改變?cè)~的詞形。但有些時(shí)候，為了滿足同一單元格中表達(dá)形式一致的原則，而需改變?cè)~的詞形。例如： A format for exchanging information (e.g. photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.)is also important, for a wellchosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood.,模塊 5 題型探究,根據(jù)信息句中的“exchanging information”再結(jié)合該單元格中所給出的表達(dá)形式可判斷，該空應(yīng)填“exchange your information”，即將原詞的ing形式改為動(dòng)詞原形。,模塊 5 題型探究,二、有效尋找答題信息句是答題的保證。 直接信息題主要考查檢索信息的能力，因此有效快速定位信息句尤為重要?？焖賹ふ矣行畔⒕涞姆椒ㄖ饕校?1在粗讀的過程中留意重要細(xì)節(jié)和關(guān)鍵處。,模塊 5 題型探究,前面我們介紹了閱讀填空題的解題步驟。其中第二步是：快速瀏覽，抓住全文中心及段落大意，正確獲取信息。在快速瀏覽的過程中，考生應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)帶著問題有意識(shí)地在細(xì)節(jié)處和關(guān)鍵處做標(biāo)記。例如，畫線段落主題句，標(biāo)記文中醒目詞time, age, number, place, suggestions, tips, ways, benefits等， 注明信息詞：who, what, when, where, why, how；first, then, after that, next, finally；because, thus, lead to, is caused by, as a result of；likeness, alike, just as, eitheror；but, while, instead, different from, on the contrary; in a word, in summary, etc.,模塊 5 題型探究,2根據(jù)試題在表格中的順序確定有效信息句在文章中的大致位置。 表格是文章框架的體現(xiàn)，其設(shè)題一般來說，是按照文章的段落順序來排序的，例如，第1小題的答題信息句應(yīng)在文首，而最后一小題的答題信息句中應(yīng)在文尾，總之，閱讀填空題的10個(gè)小題的答題信息句在文章中一般是依次出現(xiàn)的。 3根據(jù)試題關(guān)鍵詞的提示尋讀有效信息句。 表格中的表達(dá)通常以詞組或句子出現(xiàn)，因此，考生應(yīng)善于判斷、識(shí)別該空所在的語句表達(dá)中的關(guān)鍵詞，再有針對(duì)性地帶著這些關(guān)鍵詞的提示到文中相應(yīng)段落尋找有效信息句。,模塊 5 題型探究,三、準(zhǔn)確理解表格中的語意表達(dá)是答題的關(guān)鍵。 表格中的語意表達(dá)一般不完全等同于文章中的原句表達(dá)，它顯得更簡潔、清楚，其表達(dá)方式多為詞組，偶為句子。因此，找到答題信息句后，考生應(yīng)注意分析、比較、推敲表格與原文在表達(dá)上的異同。此時(shí)，首先找到兩者在表達(dá)上的共同之處，再推敲其不同的地方，而后分析文中原句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)，比較實(shí)詞的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。經(jīng)過這樣一番思考，定能敲定正確答案。,模塊 5 題型探究, 探究點(diǎn)二 歸納概括題,一、歸納概括題的種類 1標(biāo)題歸納題：根據(jù)“文章主旨句大多出現(xiàn)在三個(gè)位置：文章首段，一段末二段首轉(zhuǎn)折后信息，文章末段”的特點(diǎn)，可有意識(shí)地從上述三個(gè)位置找到文章主題句，再加以準(zhǔn)確概括，確定語篇標(biāo)題。此外，常用于概括文章標(biāo)題的詞有：development, history, introduction, study, research, experiment, information, future。需注意的是，閱讀填空題的標(biāo)題表達(dá)常以(動(dòng))名詞詞組形式為主。,模塊 5 題型探究,2段落歸納題：段落歸納概括題常位于表格的左欄，能最大限度覆蓋相應(yīng)行、列或單元格的全部信息，常為名詞、名詞詞組或動(dòng)(名)詞詞組。例如下列短文設(shè)表格如下： Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do; take turns,模塊 5 題型探究,doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.,模塊 5 題型探究,第1題在表格的左欄，所填的詞要求能概括右欄單元格的所有內(nèi)容，而根據(jù)該段的主題句“Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities”可判斷第1空應(yīng)填寫Suggestions。由此可知，概括詞多為段落主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞。,模塊 5 題型探究,二、歸納概括詞的判斷與選用 1常見的歸納概括詞： 表原因：reason (for), cause (of)；表目的：purpose, aim, goal；表種類：kind, type, category, style (風(fēng)格)；表方式、方法：means, way, method，solution, approach；表方位：location, position；表建議：advice, suggestion, recommendation, tip；表態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)：attitude, idea, opinion；表用途、功能：use, usage, function；表變化，趨勢(shì)：change, trend, development, rise, increase, decrease; 表描述：description, appearance, look, color, size, length, width, distance, height, shape；表來源，歷史：,模塊 5 題型探究,history, source, origin；表影響，結(jié)果：effect, influence, result, consequence；表措施，行動(dòng)：measure, action, activity, behavior(舉止行為)；表益處，不利：benefit, advantage, disadvantage, convenience；表概括，總結(jié)：summary, conclusion；表主題：topic, theme, subject；表特點(diǎn)：feature, characteristic, character(性格、特征)；表評(píng)論、評(píng)價(jià)：comment, remark, assessment；表問題：problem, question, issue；表要求、需求：demand, need, requirement, qualification；表內(nèi)容、項(xiàng)目：,模塊 5 題型探究,content, item；表信息：information；表情緒，感覺：feeling, emotion, motivation(動(dòng)機(jī))；表物質(zhì)，材料：substance, material；表步驟：step, procedure, process；表比例：rate (比例，速度), percentage；表天氣，氣候：weather, climate；表災(zāi)難，事故：disaster, accident, threat；表關(guān)系：relation, relationship；表異、同：difference, similarity; 表交通、運(yùn)輸：traffic, transportation；表時(shí)間， 年代，年齡：date, time, age；表性別：sex；表質(zhì)量，數(shù)量：quality, amount, quantity, number；表事件：incident, event；,模塊 5 題型探究,表反應(yīng)：response, reaction；表定義：definition；表預(yù)防：prevention, precaution；表治療：treatment, cure；表程度：degree；表信仰：belief；表人口：population；表資源：resource；表職位：position；表職業(yè)：work, job, occupation, profession；表設(shè)備：equipment(不可數(shù)), facility(可數(shù))；表跡象、征兆：sign, symptom。 需要注意的是：在實(shí)際做題時(shí)要根據(jù)表格的要求作出合適的改變，如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，首字母的大小寫等。,模塊 5 題型探究,2判定歸納概括詞的方法 (1)根據(jù)段落主題句的關(guān)鍵詞判定概括詞。 段落主題句多在段首，其次在段尾，偶在段中，因此在讀文章時(shí)要尤其注意段首尾，宜及時(shí)標(biāo)注主題句。找到主題句后，要善于根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確認(rèn)關(guān)鍵詞，例如上述例句中，找到主題句后，要能判斷suggestions為主題句的關(guān)鍵詞。值得注意的是，有時(shí)所填寫的概括詞不能照抄主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞，而需根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要改變關(guān)鍵詞的詞形或詞性，甚至是另換一詞。例如：,模塊 5 題型探究,Volunteering does much good to a volunteer. For example, volunteering offers you chance to develop ability, skill and personal strengths. As part of a volunteer group, you get firsthand exposure to use and learn communication and teamwork dynamics.,模塊 5 題型探究,該段主題句“Volunteering does much good to a volunteer”的關(guān)鍵詞為“much good”。但顯然該空不宜填Good。事實(shí)上根據(jù)“does much good”可知此處是在介紹“Volunteering”的作用或好處，故應(yīng)填：Benefits/Advantages/Uses。 再如，根據(jù)“Volunteering is required to promote human rights and equality, and respected the rights, dignity(尊嚴(yán))and culture of others as well.”設(shè)表格如下：,模塊 5 題型探究,根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“required”判斷該空填Requirements，即將原來的動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式改為了名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。,模塊 5 題型探究,(2)根據(jù)文中信息詞判定概括詞。例如，根據(jù)how判斷用ways, tips, methods，solutions, etc.；根據(jù)why, because, result in, lead to, be caused by等判斷用reasons, causes；根據(jù)in short, all in all判斷用summary；根據(jù)refer to, be, be called判斷用definition；根據(jù)therefore, thus, so, as a result判斷用result, conclusion；根據(jù)find, discover判斷用findings。例如：,模塊 5 題型探究,Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable(可持續(xù)使用的)materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.,模塊 5 題型探究,1空可以根據(jù)“Then, how to solve the problem？”可知本處講問題的解決方法，故可判斷填Methods。,模塊 5 題型探究, 探究點(diǎn)三 信息組織題,一、信息組織題的特點(diǎn) 所謂組織信息題，即能從文中找到信息句，但需轉(zhuǎn)換原詞的詞性或另用新詞填空。例如，根據(jù)信息句“be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.”判斷填寫“Take _ for ones own learning.”，顯然該空應(yīng)填寫“responsibility”，即為原句中形容詞responsible的名詞形式，轉(zhuǎn)換了詞性。,模塊 5 題型探究,組織信息題的產(chǎn)生是因?yàn)楸砀裰械谋磉_(dá)形式不同于原文表達(dá)所致。因此，找到答題信息句后，考生應(yīng)注意分析、比較、推敲表格與原文在表達(dá)上的異同，從而作出正確的推理判斷。值得注意的是，所填入的詞或詞組不僅要求拼寫正確，符合語法規(guī)則，還要確保上下、左右語義一致。,模塊 5 題型探究,二、信息組織題的答題技巧 與另外兩種設(shè)題相比，信息組織題的答題要求更高，難度更大，它要求考生不僅要有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力，還要有豐富扎實(shí)的英語語言知識(shí)。例如，要掌握常用同義詞和近義詞，必備的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)和習(xí)慣搭配，豐富的語法知識(shí)等。其具體答題技巧有：,模塊 5 題型探究,1轉(zhuǎn)換詞性：例如動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞，名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞或形容詞，名詞或形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞等。例如2007年高考湖南卷82題，根據(jù)信息句“On the other hand, students expectations have risen.”將動(dòng)詞risen轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞，確定答案為：Rise in expectations。再如，2006年高考湖南卷80題，根據(jù)信息句“They also have fewer absences and are likely to blame.”將確定其答案為blame由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞，確定答案為：less blame。,模塊 5 題型探究,2用名詞所有格 “s”代替 of所有格。例如2005年高考湖南卷79題“Baby boomers oldgrowing”就是將文中表達(dá)方式“the oldgrowing of the baby boomers” 用“s”所有格代替 of所有格轉(zhuǎn)換而成。,模塊 5 題型探究,3后置定語、補(bǔ)語等轉(zhuǎn)化為前置定語：例如將定語從句轉(zhuǎn)化為前置定語或改為非謂語動(dòng)詞形式作后置定語，名詞、形容詞、分詞作前置定語等。例如2007年高考湖南卷84題，根據(jù)信息句“They are trying to make living conditions better”將賓補(bǔ)better轉(zhuǎn)為前置定語確定答案為Bettering living conditions。再如2005年高考湖南卷81、82題，根據(jù)信息句“One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit. The other likely development will be a change in the proportion of the nations workforce.”改用名詞作前置定語，分別轉(zhuǎn)換其表達(dá)方式為81.family unit change；82.workforce proportion change。,模塊 5 題型探究,4省略次要信息，提煉關(guān)鍵信息。例如2007年高考湖南卷78、79題，根據(jù)信息句“Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster.” 提煉關(guān)鍵信息，確定78題答案為Possibly becoming faster；根據(jù)信息句“Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their host parents” 提煉關(guān)鍵信息，確定79題答案為Communicating with hosts。,模塊 5 題型探究,5意義理解轉(zhuǎn)換。例如2007年高考湖南卷80題，理解信息句“It attracts students for it ensures them a family type of living at a low cost”，將living at a low cost轉(zhuǎn)化為Cost of living。再如2008年高考湖南卷81題，理解信息句“The intensive type may be smaller”再結(jié)合該空下面的表達(dá)方式可將“may be”轉(zhuǎn)換為“possibly”，即答案為possibly smaller。,專題訓(xùn)練 閱讀填空,專題訓(xùn)練 閱讀填空,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),2010湖南 An apprenticeship is a form of onthejob training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. It can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typical for most. An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeymansomeone who has done the job for many years.,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),The rest of the apprentices time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. Being an apprentice is a fulltime undertaking.,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),One of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. The companies that hire them pay for school. Whats more, it offers apprentices an “earn while you learn” opportunity. They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. Near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. Apprenticeship also pays off for employers. It can offer employers a pool of welltrained workers to draw from.,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),Despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day and attend classes at night, which leaves little time for anything else. Sometimes, they might be laid off(下崗)if business for the employers is slow.,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. Some journeymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become selfemployed contractors.,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),【文章大意】 本文主要介紹學(xué)徒的定義、優(yōu)點(diǎn)與不足。 1Apprenticeship 歸納概括題。全文是圍繞“Apprenticeship”而展開描寫的，故填A(yù)pprenticeship。 2classroom learning 直接信息題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“An apprenticeship is a form of onthejob training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning.”可判斷。 3The majority 直接信息題。根據(jù)第一段“An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),4theoretical 直接信息題。根據(jù)第一段“The rest of the apprentices time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires.”可判斷。 5at the beginning 組織信息題。根據(jù)第二段“They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies.”可判斷。 6a journeymans wages 組織信息題。根據(jù)第二段“Near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive.”可判斷作答。,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),7many welltrained workers 直接信息題。根據(jù)第二段“It can offer employers a pool of welltrained workers to draw from.”可判斷。 8being laid off 組織信息題。根據(jù)第三段“Sometimes, they might be laid off(下崗)if business for the employers is slow.”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 真題再現(xiàn),9Results 歸納概括題。綜合右欄內(nèi)容可判斷。 10another pay increase 組織信息題。根據(jù)最后一段“Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again.”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),(一) The key to learning is motivation. Thats why kids learn much better when theyre engaged in fun activities. Apart from outings and group activities that kids naturally love, the computer can be a very effective tool in motivating and helping kids learn.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),On the Internet, parents can find online content in form of interactive educational games, lively lessons and videos that naturally attract and engage kids. Its proven that analytical games can sharpen mental skills and encourage logical thinking in children. Language lessons can be quite boring, but they can come alive in the form of games that teach phonics, reading, writing and even English grammar. Skills like counting, arithmetic, fractions(分?jǐn)?shù))can be taught quite effectively using games and puzzles. With few repetitions, kids can easily grasp these concepts and progressively move to higher numbers.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),When it comes to science and learning about natural world, theres nothing better than animated(動(dòng)畫的)presentations and videos. Take plant life cycle for example. Think about watching a 5minutelong video of a seed growing into a plant. Its definitely a lot more interesting than learning from a book. This makes all the difference in the kids learning process.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),We, as parents, have the responsibility to help our kids choose the right kind of online games and content. For early years, choose games that require using only the mouse and rely more on audio instructions. As kids grow, they will find other stuff on the Internet based on their likes and dislikes. Parents have to adopt an effective approach where they not only limit violent or mature content, but also offer alternatives in form of educational games that are really fun, engaging and challenging for the kids.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),All in all, just like television, if you make a proper choice, online educational games and videos can be entertaining as well as quite educative and help kids learn. Title: Helping kids learn with 1._,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),1online educational games 綜合全文可判斷。 2motivate and help 根據(jù)第一段“Apart from outings and group activities that kids naturally love, the computer can be a very effective tool in motivating and helping kids learn.”可判斷。 3Benefits 綜合右欄內(nèi)容可判斷。 4Analytical games 根據(jù)第二段“Its proven that analytical games can sharpen mental skills and encourage logical thinking in children.”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),5avoid boredom/avoid being boring 根據(jù)第二段“Language lessons can be quite boring, but they can come alive in the form of games that teach phonics, reading, writing and even English grammar.”可判斷。 6natural world 根據(jù)第三段“When it comes to science and learning about natural world, theres nothing better than animated(動(dòng)畫的)presentations and videos.”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),7Parents responsibilities 根據(jù)第四段“We, as parents, have the responsibility to help our kids choose the right kind of online games and content”可判斷。 8using the mouse 根據(jù)第四段“For early years, choose games that require using only the mouse and rely more on audio instructions.”可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),9growing 根據(jù)第四段“As kids grow, they will find other stuff on the Internet based on their likes and dislikes.”可判斷。 10entertaining and educative 根據(jù)最后一段可判斷。,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),(二) 2010長沙月考 Computer crimes are criminal activities, which involve the use of information technology to gain an illegal or an unauthorized(未經(jīng)認(rèn)可的)access to a computer system with the intention of damaging, deleting or altering computer data. Here are some types of computer crimes.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),The activity of breaking into a computer system to obtain an illegal access to the information stored on the computer system is known as hacking. The hackers can hack into several websites or personal accounts and threaten the security on the Internet. Phishing is the act of attempting to acquire important financial or personal details by pretending to be a trustworthy source. Phishing is carried out through emails or by attracting the users to enter personal information through fake websites.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),Computer viruses are computer programs that can copy themselves and harm the computer systems on a network without the knowledge of the system users. Viruses spread to other computers through the network, Internet or by the means of removable devices like CDs. Virus infections can crash computer systems, therefore destroying important computer data.,專題訓(xùn)練 專題預(yù)測(cè),The use of communication technology to bother other individuals is known as cyberstalking. Cyberstalkers often target the users by means of chat rooms, online forums and social n