2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse課下能力提升十七含解析外研版選修.docx

課下能力提升(十七)閱讀理解ANASAs New Horizons probe flew by Pluto (冥王星)this morning, sending back historys first upclose looks at the vast freezingcold world. Closest approach came at 7：49 am. EDT. To celebrate, NASA gave out the latest photo of Pluto. It showed a reddish world with an amazing heartshaped feature on its surface.After todays close encounter, all the nine solar systems traditionally recognized planets have now been visited by a spaceship a huge project begun in 1962 when NASAs Mariner 2 probe flew past Venus, a planet in the solar system. More than 1,200 scientists, NASA guests and important persons, including 200 reporters, watched the flyby live at New Horizons mission control center.That close encounter has been a long time coming. The $ 723 million New Horizons mission was launched in January 2006 but began taking shape in 1989. “New Horizons is a capstone mission，” Glen Fountain, mission project manager told Space. com. “It is the first completion of the observations of our solar system. Its giving us a new idea about how we human beings fit into the universe.”New Horizons “faced a crazy number of challenges”. Stern, a driving force behind New Horizons said, “So many people stuck with this for so long. They got knocked down; they stood up. They got knocked down again; they stood up again.”In a coincidence, todays close approach falls on the 50th anniversary of the first flyby of Mars, another planet, which was completed by NASAs Mariner 4 spaceship.There are no longer nine officially recognized planets, of course.The International Astronomical Union regarded Pluto as “a dwarf planet” in 2006 in a decision that remains controversial (有爭(zhēng)議的) today.1Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?AIdeas still vary in the identity of Pluto.BOnly scientists could watch the flyby live.CMars is the first planet visited by a spaceship.DNew Horizons mission aimed to observe the solar system.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The International Astronomical Union regarded Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006 in a decision that remains controversial (有爭(zhēng)議的) today” 可知，A項(xiàng)正確。故選A。2Glen Fountain may probably agree that _.Ait is the most difficult to land on Pluto in the solar systemBNew Horizons mission is a long and troublesome projectCtheir strong determination leads to the successful flybyDpeople are likely to find new ways to fit into space解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“It is the first completion of the observations of our solar system. Its giving us a new idea about how we human beings fit into the universe”可知，新視野號(hào)探測(cè)器從冥王星附近飛過，這是第一次完成對(duì)太陽系的探測(cè)考察，它給了我們一個(gè)關(guān)于人類應(yīng)如何融入宇宙的新想法。由此可推知，人們可能會(huì)尋找新的方法以融入宇宙。故選D。3Which is the best title for the passage?AA New Horizons ProbeBNASAs Huge ProjectCPluto, a Controversial PlanetDA Close Approach to Pluto解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。NASA新視野號(hào)探測(cè)器飛掠冥王星，這是歷史上第一次近距離地觀察冥王星，是人類歷史上的突破。故“近距離地接觸冥王星”作標(biāo)題最佳。故選D。BGiant kites could supply green energy without the need for taxpayerfunded subsidies (津貼) within years. Kite Power Solutions expects to open the UK.s first kite power plant in March 2017 in Scotland. It hopes to roll out the technology onshore and at sea, building systems with the capacity to produce “hundreds of megawatts” of power within the decade. The company believes the technology could reduce the cost of wind energy. And it predicted that kite power would cost so little that developing countries would be more likely to use it to free themselves off polluting carbonheavy energy sources. A spokesman Ainsworth for Kite Power Solutions said the technology could decrease the cost of offshore wind energy, meeting the need for governments efforts to reduce carbon emissions. He said the technology was easy to fix and maintain, meaning it could be used in deep water, on floating structures far from shore. “If we do that, it opens up a global deep water offshore wind market，” he said.The technology could control rising CO2 emissions in the developing world, where the need to save money forces people to resort to polluting technologies such as diesel. The company has tested the technology on a small scale in Essex and will move its headquarters to Glasgow to prepare for next years launch. It has won planning permission for a 500 KW demonstration system.The UK.s green energy trade body, RenewableU.K., welcomed the technology but warned it was not a_silver_bullet. The deputy chief executive Maf Smith said，“This is an ambitious project to develop wind power at extraordinary heights and it shows the level of new ideas within the renewable industry. Kite power is at an early stage of development and it will take time to see how the technology progresses. Anyway, we will need a wide range of energy sources in the future to meet our needs in an environmentally friendly way.”語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了風(fēng)箏發(fā)電這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，即成本低、易于安裝和維護(hù)等，但有人提出相反觀點(diǎn)。所以依靠風(fēng)箏發(fā)電技術(shù)解決我們的能源需求問題仍有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。4What is the most important advantage of kite power?AIts low costs.BIts high qualities.CIts great usefulness. DIts wide using areas.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句“The company believes the technology could reduce the cost of wind energy. And it predicted that kite power would cost so little that .”可知，風(fēng)箏發(fā)電最重要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是成本低。故選A項(xiàng)。5In the eyes of Ainsworth, his companys technology _.Awill solve the problem of air pollutionBcan be convenient and powerful to useCwill change how people explore the oceanDcan deal with the shortage of water worldwide解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“He said the technology was easy to fix and maintain, meaning it could be used in deep water, on floating structures far from shore. If we do that, it opens up a global deep water offshore wind market， he said.”可知，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)易于安裝和維護(hù)，如果真的那么做，這會(huì)開拓出一個(gè)新市場(chǎng)。由此可知，安斯沃思認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)便于使用且效能很高。故選B項(xiàng)。 6The underlined phrase “a silver bullet” probably means that using this technology to meet our needs is not _.Ascientific BcomplicatedCsimple Dtraditional解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“welcomed the technology”可知，英國(guó)可再生能源協(xié)會(huì)表示歡迎這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，再結(jié)合該組織的副首席執(zhí)行官瑪夫史密斯所說的話“Kite power is at an early stage of development and it will take time to see how the technology progresses.”可知，風(fēng)箏發(fā)電尚處于早期，看到這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如何進(jìn)展還需很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。由此可推測(cè)，was not a silver bullet在此表示要想運(yùn)用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)解決我們對(duì)能源的需求問題并不是一件簡(jiǎn)單的事情。故選C項(xiàng)。7What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo argue for cleaner energies.BTo inform a new way to get energy.CTo advertise a great energy company.DTo compare different energy resources.解析：選B寫作目的題。本文主要介紹了風(fēng)箏發(fā)電技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)、發(fā)展及前景等，其目的主要是向讀者介紹一種獲取能源的新方式。故選B項(xiàng)。C240 BC: Greek astronomer, geographer, mathematician and librarian Eratosthenes worked out the Earths circumference (the distance around it). His data was rough, but he wasnt far off.Eratosthenes was an allaround man. Some people then called him Pentathalos, a champion of many skills. His rich knowledge made him a natural for the post of librarian of the library of Alexandria, Egypt, the greatest repository of classical knowledge.Eratosthenes knew that at noon on the day of the summer solstice, the sun was observed to be directly overhead at Syene (modernday Aswan): You could see it from the bottom of a deep well, and a sundial (日晷) left no shadow. Yet, to the north at Alexandria, a sundial left a shadow even at the solstice midday, because the sun was not directly overhead there. Therefore, the Earth must be round already firmly believed by the astronomers of his day.Whats more, if one supposed the sun to be far away enough to be sending parallel (平行的) rays at Syene and Alexandria, it would be possible to figure out the Earths circumference. Of course, his measurements were slightly off. And we dont know today the exact size of the measurement unit Eratosthenes was using when he came up with the final figure of 252,000 stades. So how big is 252,000 stades? Its somewhere between 24,663 and 27,967 miles. The accepted figure for circumference today is 24,902 miles. Pretty good for a guy without modern measurement tools.Eratosthenes went further and worked out the extension of the year as 3651/4 days. He suggested that calendars should have a leap day every fourth year, an idea taken up two centuries later by Julius Caesar.It was known long before Columbus that the Earth was round and even how big it is. But it was just not widely known among the masses in 15thcentury Europe. One reason is that Eratosthenes own library of Alexandria had been destroyed, and there was no complete backup of its data.語篇解讀：公元前240年，希臘天文學(xué)家、地理學(xué)家、數(shù)學(xué)家以及圖書管理員埃拉托色尼測(cè)出了地球的周長(zhǎng)。雖然他的數(shù)據(jù)只是近似，但也沒差多少。但他的成就并不為大多數(shù)人所知。其中一個(gè)原因是他所工作的圖書館被摧毀，而他的計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)也沒有備份。8Why did some people call him Pentathalos?ABecause he was an astronomer and mathematician.BBecause he worked out the Earths circumference.CBecause he was an expert in many skills.DBecause he had rich knowledge as a librarian.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，埃拉托色尼是個(gè)全面發(fā)展的人，當(dāng)時(shí)一些人稱他為“Pentathalos”，意思是“在很多技能上都是第一的人”。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)Pentathalos后的同位語“a champion of many skills”的正確理解。故答案為C。9Where could the sun be seen from the bott