介詞短語及介詞的后置和省略.pptVIP

prepositional phrase,介詞短語及起功用 介詞和介詞賓語一起構(gòu)成介詞短語.介詞短語可以用作： 表語，如： She looks like an actress.她看上去像演員。 賓語，如： Ill give you until tomorrow.我給你的限期到明天 定語，如： The end of colonialism is now a question of time.殖民主義的結(jié)束現(xiàn)在已是一個(gè)時(shí)間問題。,4. 狀語，如： Albert has so much work to do that he is staying late at the office. Albert 工作很多，現(xiàn)在在辦公室加班呢。 His heart danced crazily for a moment, then became normal again.他的心劇烈跳動(dòng)了一會(huì)兒，然后恢復(fù)正常 5. 補(bǔ)語, 如： As a scientist, he was dedicated to the truth.作為一名科學(xué)家，他現(xiàn)身于追求真理。（主語補(bǔ)足語） She regarded him as a hero.她把他看成英雄(賓語補(bǔ)足語),介詞兼作副詞與連詞 有一些介詞可以兼作副詞（這種介詞也可稱作小品詞particle）試比較： （1）I met him before the war.(介詞) （2）Weve met before.(副詞) （3）My mother is in the house.(介詞) (4) Is there anybody in?(副詞) （5）The programme was broadcast over the radio.（介詞） (6) The broadcast was over.(副詞),請注意下面兩句中的與介詞形式相同的副詞： He turned over the page.( over在此處是副詞) Ive put on weight.( on在此次是副詞) 請注意下面兩句中的與副詞形式相同的介詞： The boat moved slowly down the river. (down在此是介詞) He climbed up the tree. (up在此是介詞) 還有少數(shù)介詞可以兼作連詞，如after, before, since, till( until) The ball goes up very high after it hits the ground. They kept on working until it became completely dark. I cant make you out. Youre so changed since last we met.,介詞與其他詞類的搭配,與名詞搭配： 2.與動(dòng)詞搭配： By the door account to During the night cooperate with Till next week die of/from Over the weekend object to Acquaintance with specialize in Independence of sympathize with Offence against persist in,3.與形容詞搭配： Afraid of Popular with Equal to Sympathetic with Faithful to Guilty of *詞根或詞源相同的名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞多共用一個(gè)介詞 Object popular to 反對 with 受歡迎 Objection popularity sympathy Sympathize with 同情 sympathetic,介詞的后置,介詞一般放在名詞前面，但在下列情況下，則常后置（常在全句或分句或從句之末） 介詞賓語為疑問詞時(shí)，如： What are you talking about? Where are you from? 在間接疑問句和感嘆句中介詞亦可后置，如 I dont know what you are talking about. What a jolly mess I am in!我所處的局面多么糟糕??！,2. 介詞賓語為關(guān)系代詞或縮合連接代詞時(shí)，如： Do you remember the book which the teacher referred us to? Thats what he is talking about. *在正式文體中，介詞亦可放在疑問詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞之前，如： With whom did you go? This is the book from which I got the story.,介詞的省略,省去as,如： I consider him as expert. (him后省去as，現(xiàn)在一般認(rèn)為不應(yīng)用as) 省去at，如： What time did you arrive home?( what前省去at ) 省去by，如： Fish increased 14.9 per cent. (14.9 per cent前省去by),4.省去from Cant you stop the child getting into mischief? (getting 前省去from) 5.省去in They have recruited few new barbers the past three years.( the past three years前省去in) 6.在列舉一系列名詞時(shí)，介詞可省去，以免重復(fù) When youre lying without moving, you suddenly get an itch on the shoulder, the head, the back. (the head 與the back 前省去on),但在下面的句子中由于強(qiáng)調(diào)介詞of，故需重復(fù) He was guilty of vanity, of several meannesses. 他有虛榮心，干過好多卑劣的事情。 下面一句中連詞and前后的介詞不同，故一般皆不可省去 Dr. sun has agreed to be an adviser to and member of the