網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育大學(xué)英語輔導(dǎo)講座.ppt

網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育大學(xué)英語輔導(dǎo)講座,寫作部分 主 講： 張博明,北京交通大學(xué)遠程與繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院_教學(xué)服務(wù)中心 2008年6月24日,英語寫作的策略,1,2,3,4,英語寫作歸類,英語寫作技巧及如何評分,英語寫作范例,主要內(nèi)容,寫作策略,A. 審好標題，仔細推敲提綱思路，確定提綱所隱含的文章主題，不要遺漏甚至違背提綱規(guī)范的文章要求。 B. 充分利用提綱信息寫好每段的主題句，主題句應(yīng)緊扣主題。 C. 根據(jù)標題、提綱和主題句選擇與其關(guān)系最密切、最具說服力且最容易表達的 細節(jié)。例子等，圍繞主題句進行擴展。,寫作歸類,1.日?；顒?、主要工作、社交生活 2.童年的夢想、目前的情況、對未來的希望 3.事件發(fā)生的時間和地點、人物、事件的經(jīng) 過 4.自主學(xué)習(xí)與遠程教育、自主學(xué)習(xí)與合作學(xué)習(xí)、你自己的學(xué)習(xí)情況 5.有一種觀點認為：城市生活比鄉(xiāng)村生活好、你對這種觀點的看法、你的結(jié)論,寫作歸類,6.保持身體健康的重要性、方法、意義 7.最喜歡的交通方式、理由、結(jié)論 8.你家的位置、房間的功能、表達對家具條件的態(tài)度 9.喜歡的電視節(jié)目、理由、結(jié)論 10.理想的工作是什么、理由、如何實現(xiàn)理想,作文應(yīng)試九大技巧,如何譴詞 詞匯是語言的最小單位，準確恰當?shù)脑~匯使用是寫好一篇英語文章的關(guān)鍵。 如何造句 句子是文章思想表達的基本單位，寫好句子是寫作的基本功，必須多加練習(xí)。 如何寫段落 段落是文章的組成要件，它本身又是一組圍繞并發(fā)展段落主題的意義密切關(guān)聯(lián)的句子所組成的整體。一個段落表達一個完整的主題。,如何謀篇布局 所謂三段十二句作文法是指一篇作文一般由三段共十二句話組成，即開頭段（2-3句）、中間段（6-8句）和結(jié)尾段（2-3句）。 如何審題 審題是寫好作文至關(guān)重要的第一步，必須慎重對待。 如何構(gòu)思 在通過審題能清題目要求之后，需要構(gòu)思的過程來對如何按照要求形成文章做一個通盤的考慮。,如何寫提綱 寫提綱的時間可控制在5分鐘左右 檢查修改 完成正文寫作后，若有時間，應(yīng)對文章進行仔細檢查與修改。 時間分配 可根據(jù)個人情況而定,評分原則,1.考試作文題采用總體評分方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎勵分，而不是按語言點的錯誤數(shù)目扣分。 2.從內(nèi)容和語言兩個方面對作文進行綜合評判。內(nèi)容和語言是一個統(tǒng)一體。作文應(yīng)表達題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過語言來表達。要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達思想，也要考慮是否用英語清楚而適切地表達思想，也就是要考慮語言上的錯誤是否造成理解上的障礙。,評分標準,13-15切題。表達思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好，基本上無語言錯誤，僅有個別小錯。 10-12-切題。表達思想清楚，文字通順，但有少量語言錯誤。 7-9基本切題。有些地方表達思想不夠清楚，文字勉強連貫；語言錯誤相當多，其中有一些是嚴重錯誤。 4-6基本切題。表達思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴重語言錯誤。 1-3條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，且多數(shù)為嚴重錯誤。,My Family,There are five people in my family. Father ,mother ,brother ,sister and I . My fater is a worker, he worked very hard. My mother is 60 years old. She is a teacher in 113 middle school. My brother is football player. He often plays the match with his team in Beijing. My sister is a student. She study very well. She always help her classmate to study English. I worked in bank of China. I love this job . I belive I can do better in very day. My family is a lovely family. I love every one in my Family. (13-15),寫作范例,My Ideal Job People have different ideal jobs. Some want to be doctors, some want to be teachers, and some want to be engineers. My ideal job is teaching. Firstly, I like children very much. I would like to sing, to dance, and to play with them. Secondly, a teacher has two vacations each year. I can enjoy myself during the summer and winter holidays. Finally, I want to teach the students all that I know and help them to develop their potential so that they can work better for our country in the future. In order to be a good teacher, I will study hard not only in class, but also in daily life. I will train my patience, improve my handwriting, and enlarge my knowledge In a word, I will study harder than ever to prepare for my future teaching job.,How to Keep Healthy,Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health, but how to keep healthy? First, it is necessary to take some exercise every day. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder. Second, eat more fruits, vegetables and less meat. Third, getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking is also an important way to keep healthy. Smoking and alcohol drinking injure ones health a great deal, and therefore should be given up.,How to Keep Fit,It is obvious that we should keep fit. On one hand, good health enables you to work more attentively and enjoy your life. On the other hand, poor health will deprive you of the right to have a good time and you may lose many chances to enjoy yourself. There are many remarkable ways to keep your health. First of all, we should exercise everyday. We can get up a little earlier in the morning to have a jog in the garden. We can also have a walk after supper. They are very helpful to our health. Whats more, we have to give up bad habits that are harmful to our health, such as smoking. Thirdly, we have to go on a diet sometimes or to have meals more regularly. Personally, I think health is of great importance to us. So we will develop good habits to keep ourselves healthy.,My Plan for the Spring Festival,Spring Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people. Many people will prepare many things for the Spring Festival. Now this is my plan for the Spring Festival. First, I will visit my friends and my relatives. Second, I will make a big snow man with my daughter / son and my wife / husband / friend. Third, I will stay with my parents, because I have no more time to stay with them when I am at work. This is my plan for the spring festival. I hope all of you have a good time in the Spring Festival.,My Travel Plan,選擇一個你想旅游的地點，并安排旅行計劃。你應(yīng)包括下列內(nèi)容： 1.說明你想旅游的地點； 2.說明你為什么選擇這個地點； 3.描述你的旅行計劃。 Dear Amy, I plan to make a journey to Jiu Zhaigou in Sichuan province. Its a beautiful place with fresh air, beautiful natural scenery like waterfall, lake and high mountains. Because many films and TV series have been made there, it is very famous. Whats more, I am very busy and exhausted this year, so I want to go for a relaxation. I plan to stay there for a week and travel with a tour group. I believe I will enjoy myself there. Regards Yours ever Tim,My Dream,My dream is to be an English teacher one day. Firstly, I like children very much. I would like to sing, to dance, and to play with them. Secondly, a teacher has two vacations each year. I can enjoy myself during the summer and winter holidays. Finally, I want to teach the students all I know and help them to explore their potential so that they can work better for our country in the future. In order to be a good teacher, I will train my patience, improve my handwriting, and enrich my knowledge. In a word, I will study harder than ever to prepare for my future teaching job.,City Life or Country Life,Some people believe that city life is better than country life .I dont agree with this .City life can be convenient to us in many aspects. For example , you can move around easily ,shopping can be more fun in a big shopping mall and you can enjoy a more colorful nightlife .But there are also many disadvantages .It is much nosier than in the country .Air pollution is more serious .It is not easy to park your car . It costs more to live in city .To name but a few is enough .Therefore, I prefer country life.,My Favorite Means of Transportation,In a modern city, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, taxi, bus and so on .But my favorite means of transportation is by bike. First ,riding a bike is good for keeping healthy .I spend one hour riding a bike to my office on my working day ,and I think it is a good form of physical exercise .Secondly ,it is money-saving .Recently ,the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher ,but if you ride a bike ,it will cost you nothing .Thirdly ,it is beneficial for protecting the environment ,so it is a “green” form of transportation . Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.,On Self-study,Autonomous learning is an important learning style in distance education .It is an essential skill for distance learners because they study alone most of the time. They do not meet their tutors or classmates very often. However, distance learners can learn a lot from each other .So autonomous learning and collaborative learning go hand in hand. I am a distance learner. I have to do most learning tasks by myself .Meanwhile we have group activities every two weeks to complete some learning tasks or share experiences .I have found both forms of learning very helpful .,英語作文范例 作文1（日常活動、主要工作、社交生活）,Dear Bob, Ill tell you something above my daily life in this email and hope you will find it interesting. I usually get up early and go to work at 8 o clock. I have lunch in the office .And I come back home at six .As a secretary, I deal with phone calls, emails and faxes during work hours .I also do the paper work for the manager. After work, I like to do shopping with friends or watch TV at home. Sometimes, I also like to chat on the Internet. Best regards,英語作文范例 作文2（童年的夢想、目前的情況、對未來的希望）,Dear Jennifer, Thank you for telling me about yourself .Id like to let you know more about me too. As a child, I wanted to be a detective .I thought a detective was really great because he could solve criminal cases to do justice. But my dream never came true. Im now a librarian, dealing with books every day. The work is nothing thrilling, but I like it. Since there are more and more electronic materials, I hope that we have an e-library built soon. Looking forward to hearing from you again. Best wishes, Lan,英語作文范例 作文3（事件發(fā)生的時間和地點、人物、事件的經(jīng)過）,One day last week, a girl parked her car outside a fashion house. As soon as she was inside, two men opened the car door, started the engine and drove away in just one minute. There was a police patrol car nearby .So the girl got in the police car and they drove in the direction where the thieves escaped .Twenty minutes later, they found the car waiting at a busy crossroad for the traffic lights to turn green .Needless to say, the car thieves were caught red-handed.,英語作文范例 作文4（自主學(xué)習(xí)與遠程教育、自主學(xué)習(xí)與合作學(xué)習(xí)、你自己的學(xué)習(xí)情況）,Autonomous learning is an important learning style in distance education .It is an essential skill for distance learners because they study alone most of the time. They do not meet their tutors or classmates very often. However, distance learners can learn a lot from each other .So autonomous learning and collaborative learning go hand in hand. I am a distance learner. I have to do most learning tasks by myself .Meanwhile we have group activities every two weeks to complete some learning tasks or share experiences .I have found both forms of learning very helpful .,英語作文范例 作文5（有一種觀點認為：城市生活比鄉(xiāng)村生活好、你對這種觀點的看法、你的結(jié)論）,Some people believe that town life is better than country life .I dont agree with this .Town life can be convenient to us in many aspects. For example , you can move around easily ,shopping can be more fun in a big shopping mall and you can enjoy a more colorful nightlife .But there are also many disadvantages .It is much nosier than in the country .Air pollution is more serious .It is not easy to park your car . It costs more to live in town .To name but a few is enough .Therefore, I prefer country life.,英語作文范例 作文6（保持身體健康的重要性、方法、意義）,Nowadays, more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy .Without a healthy body, we can do nothing .For me, there main ways to keep healthy. First ,it necessary to keep a balanced diet ,which is the basis of good health .It is better for us to have more fruit and exercises everyday .Secondly ,it is important to take regular exercises ,such as swimming ,jogging and so on .Last but not least ,it is essential to keep in a good mood . Relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress. When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life, we are bound to keep healthy.,英語作文范例 作文7（最喜歡的交通方式、理由、結(jié)論）,In a modern city, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, taxi, bus and so on .But my favorite means of transportation is by bike. First ,riding a bike is good for keeping healthy .I spend one hour riding a bike to my office on my working day ,and I think it is a good form of physical exercise .Secondly ,it is money-saving .Recently ,the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher ,but if you ride a bike ,it will cost you nothing .Thirdly ,it is beneficial for protecting the environment ,so it is a “green” form of transportation . Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.,英語作文范例 作文8（你家的位置、房間的功能、表達對家具條件的態(tài)度）,My home is a newly-built house in the north of the city .We have three rooms in addition to the kitchen and bathroom .The first room is the main room or living room .It is for having meals ,relaxing ,reading ,watching television and so on .It is the busiest room in the house .The second room is my daughters bedroom .She sleeps and dresses there .The third room belongs to my wife and me .It seems quite spacious because we have little furniture .We sleep ,prepare lessons and generally relax