基于89單片機(jī)超聲波倒車(chē)測(cè)距報(bào)警系統(tǒng)[畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)].doc

I摘要隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)日益興旺，汽車(chē)的數(shù)量在大副攀升。交通擁擠狀況也日趨嚴(yán)重，撞車(chē)事件屢屢發(fā)生，造成了不可避免的人身傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，針對(duì)這種情況，設(shè)計(jì)一種響應(yīng)快，可靠性高且較為經(jīng)濟(jì)的汽車(chē)防撞預(yù)警系統(tǒng)勢(shì)在必行，超聲波測(cè)距法是最常見(jiàn)的一種距離測(cè)距方法，本文介紹的就是利用超聲波測(cè)距法設(shè)計(jì)的一種倒車(chē)防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。論文的內(nèi)容是基于AT89C51單片機(jī)倒車(chē)防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，主要是利用超聲波的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)，將超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)和AT89C51單片機(jī)結(jié)合于一體，設(shè)計(jì)出一種基于AT89C51單片機(jī)的倒車(chē)防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用軟、硬件結(jié)合的方法，具有模塊化和多用化的特點(diǎn)。論文概述了超聲波檢測(cè)的發(fā)展及基本原理，闡述了超聲波傳感器的原理及特性。對(duì)于系統(tǒng)的一些主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了討論，并且在介紹超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)功能的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了系統(tǒng)的總體構(gòu)成。通過(guò)多種發(fā)射接收電路設(shè)計(jì)方案比較，得出了最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案，并對(duì)系統(tǒng)各個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)單元的原理進(jìn)行了介紹。對(duì)組成各系統(tǒng)電路的芯片進(jìn)行了介紹，并闡述了它們的工作原理。論文介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟件結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)編程來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)功能。最后，通過(guò)對(duì)系統(tǒng)的誤差分析，給出了系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)方案。關(guān)鍵字：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)超聲波AT89C51IIIIIAbstractIsdaybydayprosperousalongwiththesocialeconomydevelopmenttransportationshippingindustry,theautomobilequantityclimbsinthefirstmate.Trafficcongestionconditionalsodaybydayserious,thecollisioneventoccurredrepeatedly,hascausedtheinevitablepersoncasualtiesandtheeconomicloss,inviewofthiskindofsituation,designedonekindtorespondquickly,thereliabilitywashighalsoamoreeconomicalautomobileguardsagainsthitstheearlywarningsystemimperative,theultrasonicwaverangefindingwasthemostcommononedistancerangefindermethod,thisarticleintroducesisguardsagainstusingtheultrasonicwaverangefindingdesignonekindofback-drafthitsthealarmsystem.ThepaperisbasedonthecontentsoftheAT89C51monolithicintegratedcircuitreversecollisionavoidancesystemdesign,mainlyusingultrasoundfeaturesandadvantages,ultrasoundrangingsystemandtheintegrationwiththeintegrationAT89C51monolithicintegratedcircuit,AT89C51monolithicintegratedcircuitbasedonthedesignofareversecollisionavoidancewarningsystems.Thesystemusedsoftwareandhardwareintegratedapproachofamodularandmulti-useIVcharacteristics.Thepaperoutlinesthedevelopmentandthebasicprinciplesofultrasoundtestsontheprinciplesandcharacteristicsofultrasoundsensors.Someofthemainparametersforthesystemwerediscussed,andintroducingultrasonicrangingsystemfunctionsbasis,theoverallcompositionofthesystem.Throughmultiplelaunchreceptioncircuitdesigncomparison,thebestdesignedprogrammedrawn,andvarioussystemdesignmodulesprinciplesintroduced.Onthecompositionofthesystemcircuitchipintroducedandelaboratedtheprinciplesoftheirwork.Papersintroducedsystemsoftwarearchitecture,throughprogrammingtoachievesystemfunction.Finally,throughtheanalysisofsystemerror,givingthesystemimprovementprogramme.Keyword：monolithicintegratedcircuit；ultrasonicwave；AT89C51V目錄第1章緒論.11.1超聲檢測(cè)發(fā)展綜述.11.2論文主要內(nèi)容和章節(jié)安排.31.3本設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間安排.3第2章超聲波測(cè)距原理.52.1超聲波傳感器介紹.52.1.1超聲波傳感器特性.62.2超聲波檢測(cè)概述.72.2.1超聲探傷.82.3超聲測(cè)距原理及實(shí)現(xiàn).9第3章單片機(jī)超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)構(gòu)想.103.1超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)總體方案.103.2系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)考慮.113.2.1傳感器指向角.113.2.2測(cè)距儀的工作頻率.123.2.3聲速.123.2.4發(fā)射脈沖寬度.123.2.5測(cè)量盲區(qū).13第4章單片機(jī)倒車(chē)防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)各組成單元