MK1332數(shù)控外圓磨床工作臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)說明書.doc

I摘要隨著制造業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的加工設(shè)備已無(wú)法承擔(dān)加工高精度、復(fù)雜型面零件的要求，數(shù)控機(jī)床良好的加工精度和數(shù)控系統(tǒng)可滿足此要求。而國(guó)外的數(shù)控機(jī)床比較昂貴，其價(jià)格要比國(guó)內(nèi)高50%60%，結(jié)合市場(chǎng)調(diào)研和畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)際，進(jìn)行磨床工作臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。針對(duì)數(shù)控磨床工作臺(tái)存在的爬行、顫振現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)給滾珠絲杠剛性低問題，確定了采用滾珠絲杠帶動(dòng)工作臺(tái)，滾珠絲杠和電動(dòng)機(jī)之間采用同步齒形帶聯(lián)接，工作臺(tái)導(dǎo)軌貼塑，從而改善了潤(rùn)滑條件，同時(shí)也起到減振作用，MK1332數(shù)控外圓磨床的爬行、顫振現(xiàn)象得到有效解決，提高了零件加工質(zhì)量；絲杠采用兩端固定支承，滾動(dòng)軸承背靠背組配，剛性可提高一倍。位置檢測(cè)裝置采用高分辨率的脈沖編碼器，通過半閉環(huán)控制測(cè)量工作臺(tái)的直線位移。工作臺(tái)型面采用平面形式，減少工作臺(tái)的質(zhì)量、轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量，使系統(tǒng)有更快的響應(yīng)特性。本機(jī)床對(duì)提高加工質(zhì)量和效率、縮短產(chǎn)品開發(fā)周期有積極的意義。關(guān)鍵詞數(shù)控磨床工作臺(tái)滾珠絲杠貼塑導(dǎo)軌IIAbstractAlongwiththerapiddevelopmentofthemanufacturingsector,thetraditionalprocessingequipmenthasbeenunabletoundertaketheprocessingprecision,complexpartsofthesurface,NCMachinegoodprecisionandCNCmachiningsystemscanmeetthisrequirement.AbroadCNCmachinetoolsmoreexpensivethandomesticpriceshigh50%60%.combinemarketresearchandgraduateoftheactualdesign,structuraldesignworkstationsGrinder.CNCGrinderagainstthecrawlingstage,flutter,feedrigidlow-ballscrew,determinetheuseofballscrewdrivenworkstations,ballscrewandmotorusessynchronousbeltlinkGuidelaminatingworkstations,therebyimprovingthelubricationconditions,butalsoplayaroleindamping,MK1332CNCCylindricalGrindercrawl,flutterphenomenontobeaneffectivesolutiontoimprovethequalityofthepartsprocessing；Screwusingbothfixedsupports,Rollingback-up,rigidbedoubled.Positiondetectiondeviceusinghigh-resolutionpulseencoder,throughhalf-closedloopcontrolworkstationsmeasurementoflineardisplacement.Workstationsusingplanarsurfaceforms,reducingthequalityofworkstations,momentofinertia,allowingthesystemtohaveafasterresponse.Theprocessingmachinetoimprovequalityandefficiency,shortentheproductdevelopmentcyclehasapositivemeaning.KeywordsCNCGrinderWorktableBallScrewsLaminatingGuide目錄摘要.IAbstract.II第1章緒論.11.1數(shù)控加工技術(shù).11.1.1數(shù)控機(jī)床的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展.21.1.2數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展趨勢(shì).21.2數(shù)控機(jī)床的優(yōu)點(diǎn).41.2.1數(shù)控機(jī)床的優(yōu)點(diǎn).41.2.2數(shù)控機(jī)床加工零件的特點(diǎn).51.3設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和方案確定.61.3.1機(jī)床主要技術(shù)參數(shù).61.3.2MK1332數(shù)控外圓磨床設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù).61.3.3MK1332數(shù)控外圓磨床加工產(chǎn)品的主要精度.71.3.4設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定.7第2章數(shù)控機(jī)床的組成和分類.92.1數(shù)控機(jī)床的組成.92.2數(shù)控機(jī)床的分類.92.2.1按工藝用途分類.102.2.2按控制運(yùn)動(dòng)方式分類.102.2.3按伺服系統(tǒng)的類型分類.112.2.4按照功能水平分類.11第3章進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì).133.1工作臺(tái)機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì).133.2滾珠絲杠螺母副.143.2.1工作原理與特點(diǎn).153.2.2滾珠絲杠螺母副的循環(huán)方式.163.2.3滾珠絲杠副的軸向間隙消除和預(yù)加載荷.163.3滾珠絲杠副的精度.163.3.1滾珠絲杠當(dāng)量動(dòng)載荷的計(jì)算.163.3.2滾珠絲杠的選取和極限轉(zhuǎn)速的計(jì)算.193.3.3滾珠絲杠副效率計(jì)算.223.3.4滾珠絲杠副剛度驗(yàn)算.22第4章滾珠絲杠的支承.244.1軸端支承形式的選擇.244.1.1滾珠絲杠軸端支承形式的選擇.244.1.2滾珠絲杠對(duì)軸承的要求.254.1.3軸承的組配方式.254.2軸承預(yù)緊力.264.2.1軸承應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)緊，適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)緊有助于提高軸承的工作能力.264.2.2預(yù)緊與發(fā)熱.274.3滾珠絲杠的聯(lián)接.304.3.1同步齒形帶的計(jì)算.31第5章電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇和慣量匹配計(jì)算.375.1最大靜態(tài)切削負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩的計(jì)算.375.2慣量匹配計(jì)算.385.3最大空載加速轉(zhuǎn)矩的計(jì)算.415.4系統(tǒng)